Endogenous stem and precursor cells for demyelinating diseases: an alternative for transplantation?

REFERENCES

• Alvarez-Buylla A, Garcia-Verdugo JM. Neurogenesis in adult subventricular zone. J Neurosci 2002; 22: 629–634
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gould E, Gross CG. Neurogenesis in adult mammals: Some progress and problems. J Neurosci 2002; 22: 619–623
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song HJ, Stevens CF, Gage FH. Neural stem cells from adult hippocampus develop essential properties of functional CNS neurons. Nat Neurosci 2002; 5: 438–445
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Homer PJ, Power AE, Kempermann G, et al. Proliferation and differentiation of progenitor cells throughout the intact adult rat spinal cord. J Neurosci 2000; 20: 2218–2228
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lie DC, Dziewczapolski G, Willhoite AR, et al. The adult substantia nigra contains progenitor cells with neurogenic poten-tial. J Neurosci 2002; 22: 6639–6649
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luskin MB. Restricted proliferation and migration of postnatally generated neurons derived from the forebrain subventricular zone. Neuron 1993; 11: 173–189
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morshead CM, Reynolds BA, Craig CG, et al. Neural stem cells in the adult mammalian forebrain: A relatively quiescent subpopula-tion of subependymal cells. Neuron 1994; 13: 1071 —1082
   Google Scholar
• Doetsch F, Alvarez-Buylla A. Network of tangential pathways for neuronal migration in adult mammalian brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996; 93: 14895–14900
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doetsch F, Garcia-Verdugo JM, Alvarez-Buylla A. Cellular composition and three-dimensional organization of the subven-tricular germinal zone in the adult mammalian brain. J Neurosci 1997; 17: 5046–5061
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lois C, Garcia-Verdugo JM, Alvarez-Buylla A. Chain migration of neuronal precursors. Science 1996; 271: 978–981
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanai N, Tramontin AD, Quinones-Hinojosa A, et al. Unique astrocyte ribbon in adult human brain contains neural stem cells but lacks chain migration. Nature 2004; 427: 740–744
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calza L, Giardino L, Pozza M, et al. Proliferation and phenotype regulation in the subventricular zone during experimental allergic encephalomyelitis: In vivo evidence of a role for nerve growth factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998; 95: 3209–3214
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giardino L, Bettelli C, Calza L. In vivo regulation of precursor cells in the subventricular zone of adult rat brain by thyroid hormone and retinoids. Neurosci Lett 2000; 295: 17–20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kee N, Sivalingam S, Boonstra R, et al. The utility of Ki-67 and BrdU as proliferative markers of adult neurogenesis. J Neurosci Methods 2002; 115: 97–105
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Redmond L, Hockfield S, Morabito MA. The divergent homeobox gene PBX1 is expressed in the postnatal subventricular zone and interneurons of the olfactory bulb. J Neurosci 1996; 16: 2972–2982
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lendahl U, Zimmerman LB, McKay RD. CNS stem cells express a new class of intermediate filament protein. Cell 1990; 60: 585–595
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Couillard-Despres S, Winner B, Schaubeck S, et al. Doublecortin expression levels in adult brain reflect neurogenesis. Eur J Neurosci 2005; 21: 1–14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alonso G. Neuronal progenitor-like cells expressing polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule are present on the ventricular surface of the adult rat brain and spinal cord.] Comp Neurol 1999; 414: 149–166
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marshall CA, Suzuki SO, Goldman JE. Gliogenic and neurogenic progenitors of the subventricular zone: Who are they, where did they come from, and where are they going? Glia 2003; 43: 52–61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giuliani A, D'Intino G, Paradisi M, et al. p75(NTR)-immunor-eactivity in the subventricular zone of adult male rats: Expression by cycling cells. J Mol Histol 2004; 35: 749–758
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calza L, Fernandez M, Giuliani A, et al. Stem cells and nervous tissue repair: From in vitro to in vivo. Prog Brain Res 2004; 146: 75–91
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calza L, Giuliani A, Fernandez M, et al. Neural stem cells and cholinergic neurons: Regulation by immunolesion and treatment with mitogens, retinoic acid, and nerve growth factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003; 100: 7325–7330
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Armstrong RC, Dorn HH, Kufta CV, et al. Pre-oligodendrocytes from adult human CNS. J Neurosci 1992; 12: 1538–1547
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Castro F, Bribian A. The molecular orchestra of the migration of oligodendrocyte precursors during development. Brain Res Brain Res Rev 2005; 49: 227–241
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sarlieve LL, Rodriguez-Pena A, Langley K. Expression of thyroid hormone receptor isoforms in the oligodendrocyte lineage. Neurochem Res 2004; 29: 903–922
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Billon N, Tokumoto Y, Forrest D, et al. Role of thyroid hormone receptors in timing oligodendrocyte differentiation. Dey Biol 2001; 235: 110–120
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferreira AA, Nazario JC, Pereira MJ, et al. Effects of experimental hypothyroidism on myelin sheath structural organization. J Neurocytol 2004; 33: 225–231
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Levine JM, Reynolds R, Fawcett JW. The oligodendrocyte precursor cell in health and disease. Trends Neurosci 2001; 24: 39–47
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolswijk G. Oligodendrocyte survival, loss and birth in lesions of chronic-stage multiple sclerosis. Brain 2000; 123: 105–115
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodriguez-Pena A. Oligodendrocyte development and thyroid hormone. J Neurobiol 1999; 40: 497–512
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Anderson GW, Schoonover CM, Jones SA. Control of thyroid hormone action in the developing rat brain. Thyroid 2003; 13: 1039–1056
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernández M, Pirondi S, Manservigi M, et al. Thyroid hormone participates in the regulation of neural stem cells and oligoden-drocyte precursor cells in the central nervous system of adult rat. Eur J Neurosci 2004; 20: 2059–2070
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernández M, Giuliani A, Pirondi S, et al. Thyroid hormone administration enhances remyelination in chronic demyelinating inflammatory disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2004; 101: 16363–16368
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calza L, Fernandez M, Giuliani A, et al. Thyroid hormone activates oligodendrocyte precursors and increases a myelin-forming protein and NGF content in the spinal cord during experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2002; 99: 3258–3263
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar