Condition reporting and monitoring of archaeological sites: The use of large-scale vertical aerial photographs in New Zealand

References

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• A large-scale aerial photograph might be at 1:6000. A small-scale aerial photograph might be at 1:50000.
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• Darvill, T. and Fulton, A.K. MARS: The Monuments at Risk Survey of England, 1995: Main Report. School of Conservation Sciences, Bournemouth University and English Heritage, London (1998) xliv, 28.
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• A camera with a lens of focal length 80 mm flown at 2800 feet (850 m) above ground level gives a calculated scale on the negative of 1:10000. A 180 mm lens on a small or medium format camera has very little
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• The redoubt is near the pa of the same name but should not be confused with it.
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• Asap is a trench constructed to approach an enemy's entrenchments'. Of the sap itself he says: 'About 200 yards of the sap, ending within 100 yards of the Maori position, are in almost perfect order. The trench here is 10–12 feet wide and 6 feet wide, with a low parapet on either side formed by the earth thrown up. The traverses (mounds of earth alternately right and left in the trenches to guard against a raking fire) are still intact ... they are about 1,2 paces apart' (Cowan, J. The New Zealand Wars. Volume 1. Reprinted edition. Government Printer, Wellington [1983] 219).
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• The missionary Revd Richard Taylor (1805–73) thought 'the first view of the barracks ... was very beautiful and reminded me of the castle of Chillon on the lake of Geneva'. The towers were never fit to their purpose and the building was shaken by severe earthquakes in 1850 and 1853. Also the kitchen chimney brickwork initially did not contain the fire and burnt the floor of an adjacent room: When the brickwork was fixed, the room became an armoury with '60 whole barrels of powder'. Until kitchen outhouses were built a few years later, 'every meal must have been sharpened by a sense of grim anticipation' (Burnett, RIM. The Paremata Barracks. Government Printer, Wellington (1963), 22–23).
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• In a high-contrast photographic print, the details within bright and dark areas will be difficult to detect.
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• Converted from New Zealand domestic prices. Flying 5 hours @ NZ $250/hour, staff time 16 hours $50/ hour and film and print costs of NZ $400.
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