Serum bilirubin and lipoprotein-a: How are these associated with whole blood viscosity?

References

• Larsson A, Hassan M, Ridefelt P, Axelsson J. Circadian variability of bilirubin in healthy men during normal sleep and after an acute shift of sleep. Chronobiol Int 2009;25:1613–21.
   Google Scholar
• Subramanian P, Dakshayani KB, Pandi-Perumal SR, Trakht I, Cardinali DP. 24-hour rhythms in oxidative stress during hepatocarcinogenesis in rats: effect of melatonin or alpha-ketoglutarate. Redox Rep 2008;13:78–86.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rekhviashvili A, Tsinamdzgvrishvili B, Chkhetia M, Labakhua G. Relationship of 24-hour blood pressure rhythm with endothelial function and blood rheology. Georgian Med News 2008;159:21–6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Richards RS, Nwose EU, Bwititi P. Biochemical basis of circadian rhythms and diseases: with emphasis on post-traumatic stress disorder. Med Hypotheses 2011;77:605–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Friel JK, Friesen RW, Miller AC. Bilirubin: friend or foe? Society for Free Radical Biology and Medicine; 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Agati G, Fusi F, Donzelli GP, Pratesi R. Quantum yield and skin filtering effects on the formation rate of lumirubin. J Photochem Photobiol B 1993;18:197–203.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roll EB, Christensen T. Formation of photoproducts and cytotoxicity of bilirubin irradiated with turquoise and blue phototherapy light. Acta Paediatr 2005;94:1448–54.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stocker R, Keaney JF. Role of oxidative modifications in atherosclerosis. Physiol Rev 2004;84:1381–478.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• von Depka M, Nowak-Göttl U, Eisert R, Dieterich C, Barthels M, Scharrer I, et al. Increased lipoprotein (a) levels as an independent risk factor for venous thromboembolism. Blood 2000;96:3364–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smolders B, Lemmens R, Thijs V. Lipoprotein (a) and stroke: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Stroke 2007;38:1959–66.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sotiriou SN, Orlova VV, Al-Fakhri N, Ihanus E, Economopoulou M, Isermann B, et al. Lipoprotein(a) in atherosclerotic plaques recruits inflammatory cells through interaction with Mac-1 integrin. FASEB J 2006;20:559–61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barghash NA, Elewa SM, Hamdi EA, Barghash AA, El Dine R. Role of plasma homocysteine and lipoprotein (a) in coronary artery disease. Br J Biomed Sci 2004;61:78–83.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsimikas S, Lau HK, Han KR, Shortal B, Miller ER, Segev A, et al. Percutaneous coronary intervention results in acute increases in oxidized phospholipids and lipoprotein(a): short-term and long-term immunologic responses to oxidized low-density lipoprotein. Circulation 2004;109:3164–70.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antonicelli R, Testa R, Bonfigli AR, Sirolla C, Pieri C, Marra M, et al. Relationship between lipoprotein(a) levels, oxidative stress, and blood pressure levels in patients with essential hypertension. Clin Exp Med 2001;1:145–50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Danesh J, Collins R, Peto R. Lipoprotein(a) and coronary heart disease. Meta-analysis of prospective studies. Circulation 2000;102:1082–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matteucci E, Giampietro O. Oxidative stress in families of type 1 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 2000;23:1182–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marcovina SM, Albers JJ, Scanu AM, Kennedy H, Giaculli F, Berg K, et al. Use of a reference material proposed by the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine to evaluate analytical methods for the determination of plasma lipoprotein(a). Clin Chem 2000;46:1956–67.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jialal I. Evolving lipoprotein risk factors: lipoprotein(a) and oxidized low-density lipoprotein. Clin Chem 1998;44:1827–32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merrill EW, Gilliland ER, Cokelet G, Shin H, Britten A, Wells REJ. Rheology of human blood, near and at zero flow. Effects of temperature and hematocrit level. Biophys J 1963;3:199–213.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richards RS, Roberts TK, Mathers D, McGregor NR, Dunstan RH, Butt HL. Investigation of erythrocyte oxidative damage in rheumatoid arthritis and chronic fatigue syndrome. J Chron Fatigue Syndr 2000;6:37–46.
   Google Scholar
• Yang ZC, Xia K, Wang L, Jia SJ, Li D, Zhang Z, et al. Asymmetric dimethylarginine reduced erythrocyte deformability in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. Microvasc Res 2007;73:131–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang CR, Chen HQ, Pan WD, Shih T, Kristol DS, Copley AL. Effects of hematocrit on thixotropic properties of human blood. Biorheology 1987;24:803–10.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reinke W, Johnson P, Gaehtgens P. Effect of shear rate variation on apparent viscosity of human blood in tubes of 29 to 94 microns diameter. Circ Res 1986;59:124–32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tamariz LJ, Young JH, Pankow JS, Yeh HC, Schmidt MI, Astor B, et al. Blood viscosity and hematocrit as risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus: the atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study. Am J Epidemiol 2008;168:1153–60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nwose EU. Whole blood viscosity assessment issues I: extrapolation chart and reference values. North Am J Med Sci 2010;2:165–9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Verbeke FH, Agharazii M, Boutouyrie P, Pannier B, Guerin AP, London GM. Local shear stress and brachial artery functions in end-stage renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2007;18:621–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Srinivasan S, Dahlen G, Jarpa R, Webber L, Berenson G. Racial (black-white) differences in serum lipoprotein (a) distribution and its relation to parental myocardial infarction in children. Bogalusa Heart Study. Circulation 1991;84:160–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knapp RG, Schreiner PJ, Sutherland SE, Keil JE, Gilbert GE, Klein RL, et al. Serum lipoprotein(a) levels in elderly black and white men in the Charleston Heart Study. Clin Genet 1993;44:225–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banerjee D, Wong EC, Shin J, Fortmann SP, Palaniappan L. Racial and Ethnic Variation in Lipoprotein (a) Levels among Asian Indian and Chinese Patients. J Lipids 2011; 2011.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nwose EU, Richards RS, Butkowski E, Cann N. Position paper for health authorities: archived clinical pathology data-treasure to revalue and appropriate. Afr J Med Med Sci 2010;39:311–5.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mark M, Walter R, Contesse J, Reinhart WH. Impairment of blood rheology by cholestatic jaundice in human beings. J Lab Clin Med 2003;142:391–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ozkan H, Oren H, Tatli M, Ates H, Kumral A, Duman N. Erythroid apoptosis in idiopathic neonatal jaundice. Pediatrics 2008;121:e1348–51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jalloh S, Van Rostenberghe H, Yusoff NM, Ghazali S, Nik Ismail NZ, Matsuo M, et al. Poor correlation between hemolysis and jaundice in glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient babies. Pediatr Int 2005;47:258–61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palmela I, Cardoso FL, Bernas M, Correia L, Vaz AR, Silva RF, et al. Elevated levels of bilirubin and long-term exposure impair human brain microvascular endothelial cell integrity. Curr Neurovasc Res 2011;8:153–69.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar