Mansonella perstans: safety and efficacy of ivermectin alone, albendazole alone and the two drugs in combination

References

• Adolph, P. E., Kagan, I. G. & McQuay, R. M. (1962). Diagnosis and treatment of Acanthocheilonema perstans filariasis. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 11, 76-88.
   Google Scholar
• Baird, J. K., Neafie, R. C. & Connor, D. H. (1988). Nodules in the conjunctiva, bung-eye, and bulge-eye in Africa caused by Mansonella perstans. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 38, 553–557.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bregani, E. R., Rovellini, A., Mbaidoum, N. & Magnini, M. G. (2006). Comparison of different anthelminthic drug regimens against Mansonella perstans filariasis. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 100, 458-463.
   Google Scholar
• Clarke, V. D. V., Harwin, R M., Macdonald, D. F., Green, C. A. & Rittey, D. A. W. (1971). Filariasis: Dipetalonema perstans infections in Rhodesia. Central African Journal of Medicine, 17,1–11.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Denham, D. A., Dennis, D. T., Ponnudurai, T., Nelson, G. S. & Guy, F. (1971). Comparison of counting chamber and thick smear methods of counting microfilariae. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 65,521–526.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duong, T. H., Kombila, M., Ferrer, A., Nguiri, C. & Richard-Lenoble, D. (1998). Decrease in Mansonella perstans microfilaraemia after albendazole treatment. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 92, 459.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gardon, J., Karngno, J., Gardon-Wendel, N., Demanga-Ngangue, Duke, B. O. L. & Boussinesq, M. (2002). Efficacy of repeated doses of ivermectin against Mansonella perstans. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 96, 325-326.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keiser, P. B., Coulibaly, Y. I., Feita, F., Traore, D., Diallo, A., Diallo, D. A., Semnani, R. T., Doumbo, O. K., Traore, S. F., Klion, A. D. & Nutman, T. B. (2003). Clinical characteristics of posttreatment reactions to ivermectin/albendazole for Wuchereria bancrofti in a region co-endemic for Mansonella perstans. American Journal for Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 69, 331–335.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kyelem, D., Sanou, S., Boatin, B., Medlock, J., Coulibaly, S. & Molyneux, D. H. (2003). Impact of long-term ivermectin (Mectizan) on Wuchereria ban-crofti and Mansonella perstans infections in Burkina Faso: strategic and policy implications. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 97, 827–838.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kyelem, D., Medlock, J., Sanou, S., Bonkoungou, M., Boatin, B. & Molyneux, D. H. (2005). Impact of long-term (14 years) bi-annual ivermectin treatment on Wuchereria bancrofti microfilaraemia. Tropical Medicine and International Health, 10, 1002–1004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lipani, F., Caramello, P., Biglino, A. & Sacchi, C. (1997). Albendazole for the treatment of Mansonella perstans filariasis. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 91, 221.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McMahon, J. E., Marshal, T. F. de C., Vaughan, J. P. & Abaru, D. E. (1979). Bancroftian filariasis: a comparison of microfilarial counting techniques using counting chambers, standard slides, and membrane (nuclepore) filtration. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 75,415-431.
   Google Scholar
• Muller, R (2002). Worms and Human Disease, 2nd Edn. Wallingford, U.K.: CABI Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Onapa, A. W., Simonsen, P. E., Baehr, I. & Pedersen, E. M. (2005). Rapid assessment of the geographical distribution of Mansonella perstans infections in Uganda, by screening school children for microfilar-iae. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 99, 383–393.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ottesen, E. A. (2006). Lymphatic filariasis: treatment, control and elimination. Advances in Parasitology, 61, 395–441.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schulz-Key, H., Albrecht, W., Heuschkel, C., Soboslay, P. T., Banla, M. & Gorgen, H. (1993). Efficacy of ivermectin in the treatment of concomi-tant Mansonella perstans infections in onchocerciasis patients. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 87,227–229.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simonsen, P. E. (2003). Filariases. In Manson's Tropical Diseases, 21st Edn, eds Cook, G. & Zumla, A. pp. 1487-1526. London: Saunders.
   Google Scholar
• Smart, J. (1956). A Handbook for the Identification of Insects of Medical Importance. London: British Museum (Natural History).
   Google Scholar
• Southgate, B. A. (1973). Studies on filariasis in the Pacific. I. A field trial of a counting- chamber technique for the determination of microfilarial rates and densities. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 4, 172–178.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Van den Enden, E., van Gompel, A., Vervoort, T., van der Stuyft, P. & van den Ende, J. (1992). Mansonella perstans filariasis: failure of albendazole treatment. Annales de la Société Belge de Médecine Tropicale, 72, 215–218.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Van den Enden, E., van Gompel, A., van der Stuyft, P., Vervoort, T. & van den Ende, J. (1993). Treatment failure of a single high dose of ivermectin for Mansonella perstans filariasis. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 87,90.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar