References
- Wang X, Yue TL, Young PR, et al. Expression of interleukin-6, c-fos, and zif268 mRNA in rat ischemic cortex. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1995; 15: 166–171
- Benveniste EN. Inflammatory cytokines within the central nervous system: Sources, function, and mechanism of action. Am] Physiol 1992; 263: 1–16
- Gaetani P, Tartara F, Pignatti P, et al. Cisternal cerebrospinal fluid levels of cytokines after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurol Res 1998; 20: 337–342
- Nathan C. Nitric oxide as a secretory product of mammalian cells. FASEB J 1992; 6: 3051–3064
- Berata M, Berata J, Georgoff I, et al. Methylxanthines and calcium-mobilizing agents inhibit expression of cytokine-inducible nitric oxide synthase and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in murine microvascular endothelial cells. Exp Cell Res 1994; 212: 230–242
- Dawson V, Brahmbhatt HP, Mong JA, et al. Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase causes delayed neurotoxicity in primary mixed neuronal-glial cortical cultures. Neuropharmacology 1994; 33: 1425–1430
- ladecola C, Zhang F, Xu S, et al. Inducible nitric oxide synthase gene expression in brain following cerebral ischemia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1995; 15: 378–384
- Samdani AF, Dawson TM, Dawson VL. Nitric oxide synthase in models of focal ischemia. Stroke 1997; 28: 1283–1288
- Forster C, Clark HB, Ross ME, et al. Inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in human cerebral infarcts. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 1999; 97: 215–220
- Zhu DY, Deng Q, Yao HH, et al. Inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in the ischemic core and penumbra after transient focal cerebral ischemia in mice. Life Sci 2002; 13: 1985–1996
- Tamura A, Graham DI, McCulloch J, et al. Focal cerebral ischemia in the rat: 1. Description of technique and early neuropathological consequences following middle cerebral artery occlusion. ] Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1981; 1: 53–60
- Menzies SA, Hoff JT, Betz L. Middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. A neurological and pathological evaluation of a reproducible model. Neurosurgery 1992; 31: 100–107
- Clark WM, Rinker LG, Lessov NS, et al. Time course of interleukin-6 expression in experimental central nervous system ischemia. Neurol Res 1999; 21: 287–292
- Hill JK, Gunion-Rinker L, Kulhanek D, et al. Temporal modulation of cytokine expression following focal cerebral ischemia in mice. Brain Res 1999; 820: 45–54
- Mil loning G. Advantages of a phosphate buffer for 0504 solutions and fixation. I Appl Phys 1961; 32: 1637
- Nathan C, Xie Q-W. Nitric oxide synthases: Roles, tolls, and controls. Cell 1994; 78: 915–918
- ladecola C. Bright and dark sides of nitric oxide in ischemic brain injury. Trends Neurosci 1997; 20: 132–139
- Chao CC, Hu S, Molitor TW, et al. Activated microglia mediate neuronal cell injury via a nitric oxide mechanism. I Immunol 1992; 149: 2341–2741
- Minc-Golomb D, Tsarfaty I, Schwartz JP. Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase by neurones following exposure to endotoxin and cytokine. Br] Pharmacol 1994; 112: 720–722
- Murphy S, Simmons ML, Agullo L, et al. Synthesis of nitric oxide in central nervous system glial cells. Trends Neurosci 1993; 16: 323–328
- Block F, Peters M, Nolden-Koch M. Expression of interleukin-6 in the ischemic penumbra. Neuroreport 2000; 11: 963–967
- Gijbels K, Brocke S, Abrams JS, et al. Administration of neutralizing antibodies to interleukin-6 (interleukin-6) reduces experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and is associated with elevated levels of interleukin-6 bioactivity in central nervous system and circulation. Mol Med 1995; 1: 795–805
- Sharma HS, Olsson Y, Nyberg F. Influence of dynorphin A antibodies on the formation of edema and cell changes in spinal cord trauma. Prog Brain Res 1995; 104: 401–416
- Widenka DC, Medele RJ, Stummer W, etal. Inducible nitric oxide synthase: A possible key factor in the pathogenesis of chronic vasospasm after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. I Neurosurg 1999; 90: 1098–1104
- Sayama T, Suzuki S, Masashi F. Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in rats following subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurol Res 1998; 20: 79–84
- Wada K, Chatzipanteli K, Kraydieh S, et al. Inducible nitric oxide synthase expression after traumatic brain injury and neuroprotec-tion with aminoguanidine treatment in rats. Neurosurgery 1998; 43: 1427–1436
- Gahm C, Holmin S, Mathiesen T. Temporal profiles and cellular sources of three nitric oxide synthase isoforms in the brain after experimental contusion. Neurosurgery 2000; 46: 169–177
- ladecola C, Zhang F, Xu X. Inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase ameliorates cerebral ischemic damage. Am I Physiol 1995; 268: R286—R292
- Zhang J, Benveniste H, Klitzman B, et al. Nitric oxide synthase inhibition and extracellular glutamate concentration after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. Stroke 1995; 26: 298–304
- Dawson TM, Dawson VL, Snyder SH. Molecular mechanisms of nitric oxide actions in the brain. Ann NY Acad Sci 1994; 738: 76–85