302
Views
5
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Special Issue Articles

Palliative sedation: Controversies and challenges

References

  • ten Have H, Welie JVM. Palliative sedation versus euthanasia: an ethical assessment. J Pain Symptom Manage 2014;47(1):123–6.
  • Broeckaert B. Palliative sedation, physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia: ‘same, same but different’? Am J Bioeth 2011;11:62–4.
  • Ventafridda V, Ripamonti C, DeConno F, et al. Symptom prevalence and control during cancer patients’ last days of life. J Palliat Care 1990;6:7–11.
  • Coyle N, Adelhardt J, Foley KM, Portenoy RK. Character of terminal illness in the advanced cancer patient: pain and other symptoms during the last four weeks of life. J Pain Symptom Manage 1990;5:83–93.
  • Singer AE, Meeker D, Teno JM, Lynn J, Lunney JR, Lorenz KA. Symptom trends in the last year of life from 1998 to 2010: a cohort study. Ann Intern Med 2015;162(3):175–83.
  • Vacco v. Quill, 117 S.Ct. 2293 (1997) and Washington v. Glucksberg, 117 S. Ct. 2258 (1997).
  • Gunther, Gerald and Gerhard Casper, eds. Washington v. Glucksberg. Bethesda, MD: University Publications of America; 1998
  • Camtpr ML. Glucksberg, the putative right to adequate pain relief and death with dignity. J Health Law 2001;34.
  • Cohen-Almagor R. 2001. The right to die with dignity: an argument in ethics, medicine and Law. New Brunswick NJ: Rutgers University Press.
  • www.ama-assn.org/ama/pub/physician-resources/medical-ethics/code-medical-ethics/opinion2.211.
  • www.ama-assn.org/ama/pub/physician-resources/medical-ethics/code-medical-ethics/opinion2.21.
  • Enck RE. Drug-induced sedation for symptom control. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 1991;8:3–5.
  • Greene WR, Davis WH. Titrated intravenous barbiturates in the control of symptoms in patients with terminal cancer. South Med J 1991;84:332–7.
  • Quill TE, Lo B, Brock DW, Meisel A. Last-resort options for palliative sedation. Ann Intern Med 2009;151:421–4.
  • Cellarius V, Blari H. Justifying different levels of palliative sedation. Ann Intern Med 2010;152(5):332.
  • Juth N, Lindblad A, Lynoe N, Sjostrand M, Hegelsson G. EAPC framework for palliative sedation: and ethical discussion. BMC Palliat Care 2010;9:20., Materstvedt LJ, Erroneous assumptions about deep palliative sedation and euthanasia. BMJ Support Palliat Care 21013;3(4):458–9.
  • FN Verkerk M, van Wijlick E, Legemaate J, de Graeff A. A national guideline for palliative sedation in the Netherlands. J Pain Symptom Manage 2007;34:666–70.
  • Cherny NI, Radbruch L. The board of the EAPC. Palliat Med 2009;23(7):581–93.
  • NHPCO. Position statement and commentary on the use of palliative sedation in imminently dying terminally ill patients. J Pain Symptom Manage 2010;39(5):914–23.
  • National Ethics Committee, Veterans Health Administration. The ethics of palliative sedation as a therapy of last resort. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2007;23:483–91.
  • Maltoni M, Scarpi E, Rosati M, et al. Palliative sedation in end-of-life care and survival: a systematic review. J Clin Oncol 2012;30:1378–83.
  • Maltoni M, Pittureri C, Scarpi E, et al. Palliative sedation does not hasten death: results from a prospective multicenter study. Ann Oncol 2009;20:1163–69.
  • Kohara H, Ueoka H, Takeyama H, Murakami T, Morita T. Sedation for terminally ill patients with cancer with uncontrollable physical distress. J Palliat Med 2005;8:20–5.
  • Daly BJ, Dyer TD. Procedures used in withdrawal of mechanical ventilation. Am J Crit Care 1996;5(5):331–8.
  • Campbell ML, Bizek KS, Thill M. Patient responses during rapid terminal weaning from mechanical ventilation: a prospective study. Crit Care Med 1999;27(1):73–7.
  • Wilson WC, Smedira NG, Fink C, McDowell JA, Luce JM. Ordering and administration of sedatives and analgesics during the withholding and withdrawal of life support from critically ill patients. JAMA 1992;267(7):949–53.
  • Morita T, Chinone Y, Ikenaga M, et al. Efficacy and safety of palliative sedation therapy: a multicenter, prospective, observational study conducted on specialized palliative care units in Japan. J Pain Symptom Manage 2005;30:320–28.
  • Sykes N, Thorns A. The use of opioids and sedatives at the end of life. Lancet Oncol 2003;4(5):321–18.
  • Sykes N, Thorns A. Sedative use in the last week of life and the implications for end-of-life decisions making. Arch Intern Med 2003;163(3):341–4.
  • Claessens P, Menten J, Schotsmans P, Broeckaert B. Palliative sedation: a review of the research literature. J Pain Symptom Manage 2008;36(3):310–33.
  • Aquinas T. Summa THEOLOGICA II-II, Q. 64, art. 7, ‘Of killing’. In: William P. Baumgarth, Richard J. Regan, SJ, (eds.) On law, morality, and politics. Indianapolis/Cambridge: Hackett Publishing Co.; 1988, pp. 226–7.
  • Connell FJ. ‘Double effect, principle of,’ new catholic encyclopedia (volume 4). New York: McGraw-Hill; 1967, pp. 1020–2.
  • Quill T, Dresser JD, Brock DW. The role of double effect – a critique of its role in end-of-life decision making. N Engl J Med 1997;337:1768–71.
  • Aquinas T. Summa Theologica II-II, Q. 64, art. 7, ‘Of killing’. In: William P. Baumgarth, Richard J. Regan, SJ, (eds.) On law, morality, and politics. Indianapolis/Cambridge: Hackett Publishing Co., 1988, pp. 226–7.
  • Borum ML, Lynn J, Zhong Z et al. The effect of nutritional supplementation on survival in seriously ill hospitalized adults: and evaluation of the support data. Study to understand prognoses and preferences for outcomes and risks of treatment. J Am Geriatr Soc 2000;48:S33.
  • Murphy LM, Lipman TO. Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy does not prolong survival in patients with dementia. Arch Intern Med 2003;163:1351.
  • Kaw M, Sekas G. Long term follow-up of consequences of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tubes in nursing home patients. Dig Des Sci 1994;39:738.
  • Bruera E, Hui D, Dalal S, et al. Parenteral hydration in patients with advanced cancer: a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controleed randomized trial. J Clin Oncol 2013;31:111.
  • Morita T, Hyodod I, Yoshimi T, et al. Association between hydration volume and symptoms in terminally ill cancer patients with abdominal malignancies. Ann Oncol 2005;16:640.
  • Ganzin L, Goy ER, Miller LL, et al. Nurses’ experiences with hospice patients who refuse food and fluids to hasten death. N Engl J Med 2003;349:359.
  • Pasman HR, Onwuteaka-Phillipsen BD, Kriegsman DM, et al. Discomfort in nursing home patients with severe dementia in whom artificial nutrition and hydration is foregone. Arch Intern Med 2005;165:1729.
  • Materstvedt LJ, Bosshard G. Deep and continuous palliative sedation (terminal sedation): clinical-ethical and philosophical aspects. Lancet Oncol 2009;10(6):622–7.
  • DeGraeff A, Dean M. Palliative sedation therapy in the last weeks of life: a literature review and recommendations for standards. Palliat Med 1998;12:255–69.
  • Cherny N. The use of sedation to relieve cancer patients’ suffering at the end of life: addressing critical issues. Ann Oncol 2009;20:1153–5. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdp302.
  • Douglas C. Moral concerns with sedation at the end of life. J Med Ethics 2014;40(4):241. doi: 10.1136/medethics-2012–101024.
  • Raus K, Sterckx S, Mortier F. Is continuous sedation at the end of life an ethically preferable alternative to physician-assisted suicide. Am J Bioeth 2011;11(6):32–40. doi: 10.1080/15265161.2011.577510.
  • Carvalho TB, Rady MY, Verheijde JL, Robert JS. Continuous deep sedation in end-of-life care: disentangling palliation from physician-assisted death. Am J Bioeth 2011;11(6):60–2. doi: 10.1080/15265161.2011.578704.
  • Chater S, Viola R, Paterson J, Jarvis V. Sedation for intractable distress in the dying – a survey of experts. Palliat Med 1998;12:255e269.
  • Chiu TY, Hu WY, Lue BH, Cheng SY, Chen CY. Sedation for refractory symptoms of terminal cancer patients in Taiwan. J Pain Symptom Manage 2001;21:467e472.
  • Deeprose C, Andrade J, Edwards N. Brit J Anesth 2005;9491:57–62.
  • Deschepper R, Laureys S, Hachimi-Idrissi S, Poelaert J, Distelmans W. Palliative sedation: why we should be more concerned about the risks that patients experience an uncomfortable death. Pain 2013;154:1505–8.
  • Anquinet L, Rietjens J, Seale C, Seymour J, Deliens L, van der Heide A. The practice of continuous deep sedation until death in Flanders (Belgium), The Netherlands, and the U.K.: a comparative study. J Pain Symptom Manage 2012;44(1):33–43.
  • Onwuteaka-Philipsen BD, Brinkman-Stoppelenberg A, Penning C, de Jong-Krul GJF, van Delden JJM, van der Heide A. Trends in end-of-life practices before and after the enactment of the euthanasia law in the Netherlands from 1990 to 2010: a repeated cross-sectional survey. Lancet 2012;380(9845):908–15.
  • Deyaert J, Chambaere K, Cohen J, Roelands M, Deliens L. Labeling of end-of-life decisions by physicians. J Med Ethics published 1/3/2014 as 10.1136/medethics-2013–101854.
  • Van Tol DG, Kouwenhoven P, van der Vegt B, Weyers H. Dutch physicians on the role of the family in continuous sedation. J Med Ethics. Published online first 3/4/2014. doi: 10.1136/medethics-2013–101624.
  • Cassell EJ, Rich BA. Intractable end of life suffering and the ethics of palliative sedation. Pain Med 2010;11:435–8.
  • Chambaere K, Bilsen J, Cohen J, et al. Continuous deep sedation until death in Belgium: a nationwide survey. Arch Intern Med 2010;170:490–3.
  • Mercadante S, Porzio G, Valle A, et al. Palliative sedation in advanced cancer patients followed at home: a retrospective analysis. J Pain Symptom Manage 2012;43:1126–30.
  • Brody H, Campbell ML, Faber-Langendoen K, Ogle KS. Withdrawing intensive life-sustaining treatment – recommendations for compassion.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.