A child feeding index is superior to WHO IYCF indicators in explaining length-for-age Z-scores of young children in rural Cambodia

References

• Bhutta ZA, Ahmed T, Black RE, Cousens S, Dewey K, Giugliani E et al. What works? Interventions for maternal and child undernutrition and survival. Lancet. 2008;37:417–40.
   Google Scholar
• Bhutta ZA, Das JK, Rizvi A, Gaffey MF, Walker N, Horton S, et al. Evidence-based interventions for improvement of maternal and child nutrition: what can be done and at what cost? Lancet. 2013;382:452–77.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dewey KG, Adu-Afarwuah S. Systematic review of the efficacy and effectiveness of complementary feeding interventions in developing countries. Matern Child Nutr. 2008;4:24–85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Black RE, Allen LH, Bhutta ZA, Caulfield LE, de Onis M, Ezzati M, et al. Maternal and child undernutrition: global and regional exposures and health consequences. Lancet. 2008;37:243–60.
   Google Scholar
• Victoria CG, de Onis M, Hallal PC, Blössner M, Shrimpton R. Worldwide timing of growth faltering: revisiting implications for interventions. Pediatrics. 2010;125:e473.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. WHO Child Growth Standards: Length/Height-for-Age, Weight-for-Age, Weight-for-Length, Weight-for-Height and Body Mass Index-for-Age: Methods and Development. Geneva: WHO Press, 2006. Available from: http://www.who.int/childgrowth/mgrs/en/.
   Google Scholar
• Srivastava N, Sandhu A. Infant and child feeding index. Indian J Pediatr. 2006;37:767–70.
   Google Scholar
• Ruel MT, Menon P. Child feeding practices are associated with child nutritional status in Latin America: innovative uses of the demographic and health surveys. J Nutr. 2002;132:1180–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arimond M, Ruel MT. Summary Indicators for Infant and Child Feeding Practices: An Example from the Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2000. Washington, DC: Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance Project, Academy for Educational Development, 2002. Available from: www.fantaproject.org
   Google Scholar
• Marriott B, White A, Hadden L, Davies JC, Wallingford JC. World Health Organization infant and young child feeding indicators: associations with growth measures in 14 low-income countries. Matern Child Nutr. 2012;8:354–70.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bork K, Cames C, Barigou S, Cournil A, Diallo A. A summary index of feeding practices is positively associated with height-for-age, but only marginally with linear growth, in rural Senegalese infants and toddlers. J Nutr. 2012;142:1116–22.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. Assessing Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices. Part 1: Definitions. Geneva: WHO Press, 2010. Available from: http://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/infantfeeding/9789241596664/en/
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. Assessing Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices. Part 2: Measurement. Geneva: WHO Press, 2010. Available from: http://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/infantfeeding/9789241599290/en/
   Google Scholar
• Bloem MW, de Pee S, Hop LT, Khan NC, Laillou A, Moench-Pfanner R, et al. Key strategies to further reduce stunting in Southeast Asia: lessons from the ASEAN countries workshop. Food Nutr Bull. 2013;34:S8–16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Measure DHS. Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey 2010. Calverton, MD: ICF Macro, 2011. Available from: http://www.measuredhs.com/Publications/Publication-Search.cfm?ctry_id = 63&country = Cambodia
   Google Scholar
• Ikeda N, Irie Y, Shibuya K. Determinants of reduced child stunting in Cambodia: analysis of pooled data from three Demographic and Health Survey. Bull WHO. 2013;91:341–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sunil TS, Sagna M. Decomposition of childhood malnutrition in Cambodia. Matern Child Nutr. 2013. doi:10.1111/mcn.12029.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hong R, Mishra V. Effect of wealth inequality on chronic under-nutrition in Cambodian children. J Health Popul Nutr. 2006;24:89–99.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Golden M, Brennen M, Brennan R. Measuring Mortality, Nutritional Status, and Food Security in Crisis Situations: SMART METHODOLOGY, 2006. Available from: http://www.smartmethodology.org/images/stories/SMART_Methodology_08-07-2006.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Cogill B. Anthropometric Indicators Measurement Guide. Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance, Academy for Educational Development, Washington, D: 2003. Available from: http://www.fantaproject.org/tools/anthropometry-guide
   Google Scholar
• Filmer D, Pritchett LH. Estimating wealth effects without expenditure data or tears: an application to educational enrollments in states of India. Demography. 2001;38:115–32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rutstein SO, Johnson K. DHS Comparative Reports 6: The DHS Wealth Index. Calverton, MD: ORC Marco, 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Ministry of Health Cambodia. National Communication Strategy for Behavioural Impact. Campaign to Promote Complementary feeding for children 6–24 months in Cambodia 2011–2013. Phnom Penh. 2011. Available from: http://camnut.weebly.com/policy-guidelines.html
   Google Scholar
• Ma J, Zhou L, Hu Y, Liu J, Liu S, Zhang J, et al. A summary index of infant and child feeding practices is associated with child growth in urban Shanghai. BMC Public Health. 2012;12:568–77.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sawadogo PS, Martin-Prével Y, Savy M, Kameli Y, Traissac P, Traoré AS, et al. An infant and child feeding index is associated with the nutritional status of 6–23-month-old children in Rural Burkina Faso. J Nutr. 2006;136:656–63.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lauritsen JM, Bruus M. EpiData (version 3). A Comprehensive Tool for Validated Entry and Documentation of Data. Odense: The EpiData Association, 2003–2008. Available from: www.epidata.dk
   Google Scholar
• IBM Corporation. SPSS Statistics Version 20. 2011.
   Google Scholar
• Norušis MJ. Linear mixed models. In: PASW Statistics 18 Advanced Statistical Procedures Companion. Upper Saddle River: NJ Prentice Hall Inc., 2010; pp 206–8.
   Google Scholar
• Pryce G. Heteroscedasticity: Testing and Correcting in SPSS. Breusch-Pagan & Koenker Test Macro. 2002. Available from: http://www.spsstools.net/Syntax/RegressionRepeatedMeasure/BreuschPaganAndKoenkerTest.txt
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization/UNICEF. Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply and Sanitation. Improved and Unimproved Water and Sanitation Facilities. Available from: http://www.wssinfo.org/definitions-methods/watsan-categories/
   Google Scholar
• Preacher KJ, Kelley K. Effect sizes measures for mediation models: quantitative strategies for communicating indirect effects. Psychol Methods. 2011;16:93–115.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shrimpton R, Victoria CG, de Onis M, Lima RC, Blössner M, Clugston G. Worldwide timing of growth faltering: implications for nutritional interventions. Pediatrics. 2001;107. Available from: http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/107/5/e75.full
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frongillo EA Jr, de Onis M, Hanson KMP. Socioeconomic and demographic factors are associated with worldwide patterns of stunting and wasting of children. J Nutr. 1997;127:2302–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arimond M, Ruel MT. Dietary diversity is associated with child nutritional status: evidence from 11 demographic and health surveys. J Nutr. 2004;134:2579–85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marriott B, White A, Hadden L, Davies JC, Wallingofrd JC. How well are infant and young child World Health Orgnaization (WHO) feeding indicators associated with growth outcomes? An example from Cambodia. Matern Child Nutr. 2010;6:358–73.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spears D. How Much International Variation in Child Height can Sanitation Explain? The World Bank, Sustainable Development Network, Water and Sanitation Program, Policy Research Working Paper, 2013. Available from: http://econ.worldbank.org/external/default/main?pagePK = 64165259&piPK = 64165421&theSitePK = 469382&menuPK = 64166093&entityID = 000158349_20130205082533
   Google Scholar
• Jacobs B, Roberts E. Baseline assessment for addressing acute malnutrition by public-health Staff in Cambodia. J Health Popul Nutr. 2004;22:212–19.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones AD, Ickes SB, Smith LE, MBuya MN, Shasekwa B, Heidkamp RA, et al. World Health Organization infant and young child feeding indicators and their associations with child anthropometry: a synthesis of recent findings. Matern Child Nutr. 2014;10:1–17.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuchenbecker J, Jordan I, Reinbott A, Herrmann J, Mtimuni B, Krawinkel MB. Exclusive breastfeeding and its effect on growth of Malawian infants: results from a cross-sectional study. Paediatr Int Child Health. 2014. p.2046905514Y0000000134
   Google Scholar
• Mukhopadhyay DK, Sinhababu A, Saren AB, Biswas AB. Association of child feeding practices with nutritional status of under-two slum dwelling children: a community-based study from West Bengal, India. Indian J Public Health. 2013;57:169–72.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar