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British Journal of Orthodontics Volume 20, 1993 - Issue 3
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Original Articles

Calibration of Non-dental and Dental Personnel in the Use of the PAR Index

Stephen RichmondOrthodontic Unit, Department of Oral Health and Development, University Dental Hospital of Manchester, Higher Cambridge Street, ManchesterM15 6FH
, Ph.D., M.Sc.D., B.D.S., F.D.S., D.Orth.,
Elizabeth A. TurbillOrthodontic Unit, Department of Oral Health and Development, University Dental Hospital of Manchester, Higher Cambridge Street, ManchesterM15 6FH
, M.Sc., B.D.S., F.D.S., D.Orth. &
Mary AndrewsOrthodontic Unit, Department of Oral Health and Development, University Dental Hospital of Manchester, Higher Cambridge Street, ManchesterM15 6FH
, M.Sc.
Pages 231-234 | Accepted 01 Aug 1992, Published online: 21 Jun 2016

References

  • Department of Health and Social Security (1986) Report of the committee of enquiry into unnecessary dental treatment, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London.
  • Downer, M. C., Teague, F. A. and Whittle, J. G. (1979) Field testing of an information system for planning and evaluating dental services, Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 7, 11–16.
  • Fleiss, J. L., Slakter, M. J., Fischman, S. L., Park, M. H. and Chilton, N. W. (1979) Inter-examiner reliability in caries trials, Journal of Dental Research, 58, 604–609.
  • Fleiss, J. L. (1986) The design and analysis of clinical experiments, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York.
  • Mitropoulos, C. M. and Downer, M. C. (1987) Inter-examiner agreement in the diagnosis of dental caries among officers of the reference service, British Dental Journal, 162, 227–228.
  • Occlusal Index Committee (1987) Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London.
  • Shaw, W. C., Richmond, S., O'Brien, K. D., Brook, P. H. and Stephens C. D. (1991) Quality control in orthodontics: indices of treatment need and standards, British Dental Journal, 170, 107–112.
  • Richmond, S. (1990) A critical evaluation of orthodontic treatment in the General Dental Services of England and Wales, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Manchester.
  • Richmond, S., Shaw, W. C., O'Brien, K. D., Stephens, C. D., Roberts, C. T. and Andrews, M. (1992a) The PAR Index (Peer Assessment Rating): reliability and validity, European Journal of Orthodontics, 14, 125–139.
  • Richmond, S., Shaw, W. C., Roberts, C. T. and Andrews, M. (1992b) The PAR Index (Peer Assessment Rating): methods to determine the outcome of orthodontic treatment in terms of improvement of standards, European Journal of Orthodontics, 14, 180–187.
  • Richmond, S., Shaw, W. C., Stephens, C. D., Roberts C. T. and Andrews, M. (1992c) Orthodontics in the General Dental Services of England and Wales: A critical assessment of standards, British Dental Journal(in press).
  • Turner, S. A. M. (1990) Occlusal indices revisited, British Journal of Orthodontics, 17, 197–203.

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