References
- Huijbregts P. Chiropractic legal challenges to the physical therapy scope of practice: Anybody else taking the ethical higher ground? J Manual Manipulative Ther 2007;15:69–80.
- APTA. Guide to Physical Therapy Practice. Alexandria, VA: Author, 2001.
- Linker B. Strength and science: Gender, physiotherapy, and medicine in early twentieth-century America. J Women’s Hist 2005;17:105–132.
- Manipulation Education Committee. Manipulation Education Manual for Physical Therapist Professional Degree Programs. Alexandria, VA: APTA, 2004.
- Elliot J. Expenditures in the legislative defense of manipulation and direct access in Tennessee. Email communication, 2007.
- Waddell G. A new clinical model for the treatment of low-back pain. Spine 1987;12:632–644.
- Deyo RA, Gray DT, Kreuter W, Mirza S, Martin BI. United States trends in lumbar fusion surgery for degenerative conditions. Spine 2005;30:1441–1445.
- Deyo RA, Nachemson A, Mirza SK. Spinal-fusion surgery: The case for restraint. N Engl J Med. 2004;350:722–726.
- Pai S, Sundaram LJ. Low back pain: An economic assessment in the United States. Orthop Clin North Am 2004;35:1–5.
References
- Simons DG, Travell JG, Simons LS. Travell and Simons’ Myofascial Pain and Dysfunction: The Trigger Point Manual. Volume 1: Upper Half of Body. 2nd ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins, 1999.
- Dejung B. Die Behandlung unspezifischer chronischen Rückenschmerzen mit manuelle Triggerpunkt-Therapie. [German: Treatment of chronic non-specific low back pain with manual trigger point therapy]. Manuelle Medizin 1999;37:124–131.
- Hsieh CYJ, Hong CZ, Adams AH, et al. Interexaminer reliability of the palpation of trigger points in the trunk and lower limb muscles. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2000;81:258–264.
- Hsieh CY, Adams AH, Tobis J, et al. Effectiveness of four conservative treatments for subacute low back pain: A randomized clinical trial. Spine 2002;27:1142–1148.
- Itoh, K, Katsumi Y, Kitakoji H. Trigger point acupuncture treatment of chronic low back pain in elderly patients: A blinded RCT. Acupunct Med 2004;22:170–177.
- Kovacs FM, Abraira V, Pozo F, et al. Local and remote sustained trigger point therapy for exacerbations of chronic low back pain: A randomized, double-blind, controlled, multicenter trial. Spine 1997;22:786–97.
- Ney JP, Difazio M, Sichani A, Monacci W, Foster L, Jabbari B. Treatment of chronic low back pain with successive injections of botulinum toxin A over 6 months: A prospective trial of 60 patients. Clin J Pain 2006;22:363–369.
- Raj PP, Paradise LA. Myofascial pain syndrome and its treatment in low back pain. Semin Pain Med 2004;2(3):167–174.
- Travell JG, Simons DG. Myofascial Pain and Dysfunction: The Trigger Point Manual. Vol. 2. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins, 1992.