REFERENCES
- Stamm WE, Hooton TM. Management of urinary tract infections in adults. N Engl J Med 1993; 329: 1328–34.
- Brumfitt W, Hamilton-Miller JMT. Therapeutic update: Prophylactic antibiotics for recurrent urinary tract infections. J Antimicrob Chemother 1990; 25: 505–12.
- Finegold SM. Interaction of antimicrobial therapy and intestinal flora. Am J Clin Nutr 1970; 23: 1466–71.
- National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Performance standards for antimicrobial disk susceptibility tests. Approved Standard M 2-A4. 1990. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, Villanova, Pa.
- National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bac-teria that grow aerobically. Approved Standard M 7-A2. 1990. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, Villanova, Pa.
- Turck M, Ronald AR, Petersdorf RG. Relapse and rein-fection in chronic bacteriuria. II. The correlation between site of infection and pattern of resistance in chronic bacteriuria. N Engl J Med 1968; 278: 422–7.
- Edlund C, Nord CE. A review on the impact of 4-quinolones on the normal oropharyngeal and intestinal human microflora. Infection 1988; 16: 8–12.
- Stamm WE, Counts GW, Wagner KF, et al. Antimicrobial prophylaxis of recurrent urinary tract infec-tions: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 1980; 92: 770–5.
- Stamey TA, Condy M, Mihara G. Prophylactic efficacy of nitrofuran-toin macrocrystals and trimethoprim-sul-famethoxazole in urinary tract infections: biologic effects on the vaginal and rectal flora. N Engl J Med 1977; 296: 780–3.
- Toivanen A, Kasanen A, Sundquist H, et al. Effect of trimethoprim on the occurrence of drug-resistant coliform bacteria in the faecal flora. Chemotherapy 1976; 22: 97–103.
- Lincoln K, Lidiy-Janson G, Winberg J. Resistant uri-nary infections resulting from changes in resistance pattern of fecal flora induced by sulfonamide and hospital environment. Br Med J 1970; 3: 305–9.
- Schaeffer AJ, Sisney GA. Efficacy of norfloxacin in uri-nary tract infections: biological effects on vaginal and fecal flora. J Urol 1985; 133: 628–30.
- Gruneberg RN, Smellie JM, Leakey A, et al. Long-term low-dose co-trimoxazole in prophylaxis of childhood urinary tract infection: bacteriological aspects. Br Med J 1976; 2: 206–8.
- Nord CE. Effect of new quinolones on the human gas-trointestinal microflora. Rev Infect Dis 1989; 11 (suppl 1): 193-6.