Learning Through Replication: The Planet Locomotive Project

NOTES AND REFERENCES

• Chev. F. M. G. De Pambour, A Practical Treatise on Locomotive Engines Upon Railways &c., (London, 1836).
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• Comte F. M. G. De Pambour, A Practical Treatise on Locomotive Engines, Second Edition, (London, 1840).
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• Dionysius LardnerRev. Dr., The Steam Engine Familiarly Explained and Illustrated &c., 6th ed. (London, 1836) and subsequent editions.
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• M. Navier, On the Means of Comparing The Respective Advantages of Different Lines of Railway and on the Use of Locomotive Engines, Translated from the French by John Macneill ( London, 1836).
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• The work of UMIST 's Historic Structures Group is undertaken by four Research Group Members; Tom Swailes, Civil and Structural Engineering Department, UMIST, Joe Marsh (Member), History of Science and Technology Group, UMIST, Ron Fitzgerald (Member), Structural Perspectives Consultancy, and Stuart Millns, AA Associates Consultancy.
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• R. L. Hills, 'A One-Third Scale Working Model of The Newcomen Engine of 1712', Transactions of the Newcomen Society (TNS), Vol. XLIV (1971–72), pp 63–77.
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• The model is now on display in the Museum of Science & Industry in Manchester, where it is occasionally worked under steam.
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• In July 1996 a Lockheed P38 Lightning crashed at the Imperial War Museum's Duxford airfield, Cambridgeshire, and a De Havilland Mosquito crashed at Barton Aerodrome, Manchester.
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• A most rewarding and successful exception to this was the steaming of the locomotive John Bull by the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, in 1980 and in 1981 for the 150th anniversary of its con-struction by Robert Stephenson & Co. of Newcastle on Tyne and delivery to the Camden & Amboy Railroad, New Jersey, USA. See John H. White Jr., The John Bull, 150 Years a Locomotive, (Washington DC, 1981).
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• The possibility of a full-scale replica of Davidson's vehicle is under consideration. Mr. Ronald Jarvis (Member) has already carried out much research into the vehicle. See The Newcomen Bulletin, No. 164, April, 1996, pp 13/14.
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• The author is pleased to acknowledge the views of Mr. A. Hall-Patch (Member) on the definitions of 'replicas' and 'reproductions'.
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• Els van Eyck van Heslinga, 'The Use of Replicas, Risks and Opportunities', Paper read at a conference of the International Commission of Maritime Museums, London, September, 1996. I am grateful to Miss van Heslinga for making available a pre-print of her paper.
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• De Witt Clinton is no longer worked under steam, and is displayed in the Henry Ford Museum, Dearborn, Michigan, USA.
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• No paper or article has yet been written about the construction of the Globe theatre.
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• This replica Newcomen engine project was initiated by John S. Allen (Past President). The project was undertaken by a group based on the Black Country Museum, under its Director, Ian Walden, the group including Mr. Allen and fellow members of the Society.
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• Thor Heyerdahl, The Kon Tiki Expedition, (London, 1950), translated from the Norwegian book of 1948.
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• Tim Severin, The Brendan Voyage ( London, 1978).
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• The Batavia was seen by Society members at the Lelystad shipyard during the visit to the Netherlands in 1994. A photograph was reproduced in TNS, Vol. 66 (1994–95), page 253.
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• I am grateful to Mr. Julian Temple of the Brooldands Museum, Weybridge, England, for this infor-mation. The Bleriot XI, registration G-LOTI, is one of several replica aircraft on display at the Museum. An original Bleriot XI is included in the Shuttleworth Collection and is displayed at the Old Warden Museum, Bedfordshire.
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• The Vickers Wyny, registration G-EAOU, is described in National Geographic Magazine, Vol. 187, No. 5, May 1995, pp 2–43.
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• John Mosse, 'The Firefly Locomotive of 1839', TNS, Vol. 62 (1990–91), pp 97–112.
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• David Champion, and other authors, 'The Al Project', Railway Magazine, Vol. 139, No. 1107, (July 1993), pp 21–29, & 61.
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• van Heslinga, op cit (8).
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• Samson is on display in the Museum of Industry, Stellarton, Nova Scotia, Canada.
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• Novelty is on long-term loan to the Museum of Science & Industry in Manchester from the National Museum of Science & Industry. There is also another, operable replica of Novelty in the Sveriges Järnvägsmuseum, Gävle, Sweden.
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• Memorandum on 'The Replica of the "Rocket", Constructed by Robert Stephenson & Co., Limited, Darlington, Eng., 1929. For Henry Ford, Esq.' Three further replicas were subsequently made from the same specification and drawings, for the Museum of Peaceful Arts in New York, the Museum of Science & Industry in Chicago, Illinois, and a sectioned version for the Science Museum, London. See also, Michael G. Satow (late Member), '"Rocket" Reborn', Railway Magazine, Vol. 125, No. 942 (October 1979), pp 472–474.
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• Replication of ships has been addressed on a previous occasion, namely: Ole Crumlin-Pederson and Max Vinner (Eds.), Sailing into the Past. The International Ship Replica Seminar, Roskilde, Denmark, 1984, quoted by van Heslinga, op cit (8).
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• J. G. H. Warren, A Century of Locomotive Building by Robert Stephenson & Co. 1823–1923 (Newcastle-on-Tyne, 1923), pp 252–291.
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• Michael R. Bailey, 'Robert Stephenson & Co. 1823-1829', TIVS, Vol. 50 (1978–79), pp 109–138. Also, Michael R. Bailey, 'Robert Stephenson & Co., 1823-1836', unpublished MA Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 1984.
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• De Pambour, op cit (1), 1836 and 1840.
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• Locomotives Stephenson circulant en Angleterre et en France, published by Champon of Brussels, 1835.
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• Grier's Mechanics Pocket Dictionary, Glasgow, 1838.
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• The only known contemporary description of how to drive a Planet-type locomotive is contained in a note 'Locomotive by Stevenson (sic)' written by a clerk on behalf of Robert Stephenson & Co. (prob-ably Harris Dickinson) to the Mohawk & Hudson Railroad Company accompanying the Samson loco-motive Robert Fulton, dated July 5th 1831, Jervis MSS archive, Jervis Library, Rome, New York State.
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• Rocket is on display in the London Science Museum. For a discussion on the reversing techniques for Rocket, see Ian Davidson (late Member), 'Reversing Rocket', The Newcomen Bulletin, No. 157, December 1993, pp 14–16.
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• Liverpool & Manchester Railway, Minutes of the Board of Directors, Public Record Office, Kew, PRO Rail 371/2 and Rail 371/3, and Minutes of the Committee of Management, Rail 371/8 and Rail 371/10, passim. Also Edward Woods, 'On the Relative Advantages and Disadvantages of Four and Six Wheels for Locomotives', paper read to the Institution of Civil Engineers on January 30th 1838, abstract con-tained in The Civil Engineers and Architects Journal Vol. I, p. 139.
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• 'Description of The Patent Locomotive Steam Engine of Messrs. Robert Stephenson and Co.', London, written by W. P. Marshall and first published in T. Tredgold, The Steam Engine: Its Invention and Progressive Improvement &c., a new edition revised and edited by W. S. B. Woodhouse, London, 1838; and subsequently published as a separate publication, London, 1838.
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• Consultancy advice on the cause of the failure was provided by John S. Allen (Past-President) and E. S. Burdon, formerly of British Rail, Derby.
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• De Pambour, op cit (1), Plate 4.
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• Patent No. 6484 of 1833, 'Stephenson's Improvement in Locomotive Engines', p. 3.
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• De Pambour, op cit (1) 1836 and 1840. Lardner, op cit (1)
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• Navier, op cit (1); Nicholas Wood, A Practical Treatise on Rail-Roads &c., 2nd ed., London, 1831, and 3rd ed., London, 1838.
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• De Pambour, op cit (1), 1840, Chapter VII, Sect. II, pp 182–199, illustrated Fig. 36, Plate 4.
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• ibid., Chapter VIII, Art. I, pp 200–223.
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• De Pambour, op cit (1), 1836, Chapter V, Article VII, pp 221–239. Fury was built by Fenton, Murray & Jackson of the Round Foundry, Leeds in August 1831.
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• De Pambour, op cit (1), 1840, Chapter X, Sect. VI, pp 274–282.
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• Professor Nicholson, Transactions: Engineers and Shipbuilders, Scotland, Vol. LIV, quoted in Locomotive Engineers Pocket Book, 42nd Edition, London, undated but 1948/9, page 41.
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• Wood, op cit (35), 1838, page 544; John Sewell, Elementary Treatise on Steam and Locomotion, Vol. I, London, 1852, page 87, discussion on the chemical composition of Lancashire cokes, and page 60, discussion on comparative heat of carbon and hydrogen.
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• Nicholson, op cit (40), discussion on available calorific values.
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• For example, Bulletins of the British Transport Commission published in the mid-1950s, giving the results of the trials with the British Railways standard classes carried out at the Rugby Testing Station. See also D. R. Carling, 'Locomotive Testing Stations (PartTNS, Vol. XLV, (1972–73), pp 145–182.
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• Michael R. Bailey, 'George Stephenson—Locomotive Advocate: The Background to the Rainhill Trials', Paper read at the Commemorative Symposium for the 200th Anniversary of George Stephenson's Birth, September 1981, TNS, Vol. 52 (1980–81), pp 171–179.
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