References
- MilletGPMilletGYUltramarathon is an outstanding model for the study of adaptive responses to extreme load and stressBMC Med201210 77 7015 22812424 3407019 https://doi.org/10.1186/1741-7015-10-77
- NicolasMBanizetteMMilletGStress and recovery states after a 24 h ultra-marathon race: a one-month follow-up studyPsychol Sport Exerc201112 4 368 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2011.03.005
- HoffmanMDOngJCWangGHistorical analysis of participation in 161 km ultramarathons in North AmericaInt J Hist Sport201027 11 1877 1891 20684085 https://doi.org/10.1080/09523367.2010.494385
- HashimotoMHaguraNKuriyamaTNishiyamaiMMotivations and psychological characteristics of Japanese ultra-marathon runners using Myers-Briggs type indicatorJapanese Journal of Health And Human Ecology200672 1 15 https://doi.org/10.3861/jshhe.72.15
- BaarKMcGeeSOptimizing training adaptations by manipulating glycogenEur J Sport Sci20088 2 97 https://doi.org/10.1080/17461390801919094
- GleesonMBlanninAKWalshNPBishopNCClarkAMEffect of low- and high-carbohydrate diets on the plasma glutamine and circulating leukocyte responses to exerciseInt J Sport Nutr19988 1 49 59 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXhvVyitbk%3D 9534081 https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsn.8.1.49
- FriedmanJELemonPWEffect of chronic endurance exercise on retention of dietary proteinInt J Sports Med198910 2 118 123 1:STN:280:DyaL1M3lsVWlsQ%3D%3D 2722324 https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1024886
- PerrierEVergneSKleinAPoupinMRondeauPLe BellegoLArmstrongLELangFStookeyJTackIHydration biomarkers in free-living adults with different levels of habitual fluid consumptionBr J Nutr2013109 9 1678 1687 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXms1Kjsr8%3D 22935250 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114512003601
- Hew-Butler T, Loi V, Pani A, Rosner M. Exercise-associated hyponatremia: 2017 update. Frontiers in Medicine. 2017;4(21):1.
- SawkaMNCoyleEFInfluence of body water and blood volume on thermoregulation and exercise performance in the heatExerc Sport Sci Rev199927 167 218 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c3ltFKisQ%3D%3D 10791017 10791017
- HancockPVasmatzidisIEffect of heat stress on cognitive performance: the current state of knowledgeHyperthermia200319 355 372 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3s3isVWqsw%3D%3D https://doi.org/10.1080/0265673021000054630
- GleesonMBishopNCSpecial feature for the Olympics: effects of exercise on the immune system: modification of immune responses to exercise by carbohydrate, glutamine and anti-oxidant supplementsImmunol Cell Biol200078 5 554 561 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXnsFeht7g%3D 11050539 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1711.2000.t01-6-.x
- WilliamsonENutritional implications for ultra-endurance walking and running eventsExtrem Physiol Med20165 13 016 27895900 5117571 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13728-016-0054-0
- KrusemanMBucherSBovardMKayserBBovierPANutrient intake and performance during a mountain marathon: an observational studyEur J Appl Physiol200594 1–2 151 157 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXjslOmt74%3D 15714291 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-004-1234-y
- StuempfleKJHoffmanMDWeschlerLBRogersIRHew-ButlerTRace diet of finishers and non-finishers in a 100 mile (161 km) mountain footraceJ Am Coll Nutr201130 6 529 535 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xks1ynur8%3D 22331688 https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.2011.10719999
- CostaRJSKnechtleBTarnopolskyMHoffmanMDNutrition for ultramarathon running: trail, track, and roadInt J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab201929 2 130 140 30943823 https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2018-0255
- KimberNERossJJMasonSLSpeedyDBEnergy balance during an ironman triathlon in male and female triathletesInt J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab200212 1 47 62 https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.12.1.47
- ShortenALWallmanKEGuelfiKJAcute effect of environmental temperature during exercise on subsequent energy intake in active menAm J Clin Nutr200990 5 1215 1221 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhtlentb7O 19793848 https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2009.28162
- KarlJPColeREBerrymanCEFinlaysonGRadcliffePNKominskyMTMurphyNECarboneJWRoodJCYoungAJPasiakosSMAppetite suppression and altered food preferences coincide with changes in appetite-mediating hormones during energy deficit at high altitude, but are not affected by protein intakeHigh Alt Med Biol201819 2 156 169 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXht1Sms7nN 29431471 6014054 https://doi.org/10.1089/ham.2017.0155
- GreerSMGoldsteinANWalkerMPThe impact of sleep deprivation on food desire in the human brainNat Commun20134 2259 23922121 3763921 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms3259 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhsVOqs7zJ
- BlennerhassettCMcNaughtonLRCroninLSparksSADevelopment and Implementation of a Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire for Ultraendurance AthletesInt J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab201817 1 7
- Clinical Guidelines on the Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults--The Evidence Report. National Institutes of Health. Obes Res. 1998;6(Suppl 2):51S–209S.
- FreedmanMRKingJKennedyEPopular diets: a scientific reviewObes Res20019 Suppl 1 1S 40S 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXjvFCku7o%3D 11374180 https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2001.113 11374180
- NikolaidisPTVeniamakisERosemannTKnechtleBNutrition in Ultra-Endurance: State of the ArtNutrients201810 12 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC1MXot1Grt7c%3D https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10121995
- WaskiewiczZKlapcinskaBSadowska-KrepaECzubaMKempaKKimsaEGerasimukDAcute metabolic responses to a 24-h ultra-marathon race in male amateur runnersEur J Appl Physiol2012112 5 1679 1688 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xls1Sit7s%3D 21879351 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-011-2135-5 21879351
- MifflinMDSt JeorSTHillLAScottBJDaughertySAKohYOA new predictive equation for resting energy expenditure in healthy individualsAm J Clin Nutr199051 2 241 247 1:STN:280:DyaK3c7msVCltA%3D%3D 2305711 https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/51.2.241 2305711
- AinsworthBEHaskellWLHerrmannSDMeckesNBassettDRTudor-LockeCGreerJLVezinaJWhitt-GloverMCLeonAS2011 compendium of physical activities: a second update of codes and MET valuesMed Sci Sports Exerc201143 8 1575 1581 https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e31821ece12
- MargariaRCerretelliPAghemoPSassiGEnergy cost of runningJ Appl Physiol196318 367 370 1:STN:280:DyaF387isVKmsA%3D%3D 13932993 https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1963.18.2.367 13932993
- MinettiAEMoiaCRoiGSSustaDFerrettiGEnergy cost of walking and running at extreme uphill and downhill slopesJ Appl Physiol (1985)200293 3 1039 1046 https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01177.2001
- O’ConnorHCoxGFeeding ultra-endurance athletes: an interview with Dr. Helen O’Connor and Gregory Cox. Interview by Louise M. BurkeInt J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab200212 4 490 494 12500992 https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.12.4.490
- ApplegateEANutritional considerations for ultraendurance performanceInt J Sport Nutr19911 2 118 126 1:STN:280:DyaK3s3lvVersA%3D%3D 1844990 https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsn.1.2.118
- BurkeLMCoxGRCulmmingsNKDesbrowBGuidelines for daily carbohydrate intake: do athletes achieve them?Sports Med200131 4 267 299 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M3hvVyhtw%3D%3D 11310548 https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200131040-00003
- KerksickCMWilbornCDRobertsMDSmith-RyanAKleinerSMJagerRCollinsRCookeMDavisJNGalvanEGreenwoodMLoweryLMWildmanRAntonioJKreiderRBISSN exercise & sports nutrition review update: research & recommendationsJ Int Soc Sports Nutr201815 1 38 018 30068354 6090881 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-018-0242-y 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC1MXjtVyrsLc%3D
- San-MillanIBrooksGAAssessment of metabolic flexibility by means of measuring blood lactate, fat, and carbohydrate oxidation responses to exercise in professional endurance athletes and less-fit individualsSports Med201848 2 467 479 28623613 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-017-0751-x
- KatoHSuzukiKBannaiMMooreDRProtein requirements are elevated in endurance athletes after exercise as determined by the Indicator amino acid oxidation methodPLoS One201611 6 e0157406 27322029 4913918 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0157406 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXpvFWgsA%3D%3D
- HargreavesMHawleyJAJeukendrupAPre-exercise carbohydrate and fat ingestion: effects on metabolism and performanceJ Sports Sci200422 1 31 38 14971431 https://doi.org/10.1080/0264041031000140536
- MagkosFWangXMittendorferBMetabolic actions of insulin in men and womenNutrition201026 7–8 686 693 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXnvVOrur4%3D 20392600 2893237 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2009.10.013
- LafontanMLanginDLipolysis and lipid mobilization in human adipose tissueProg Lipid Res200948 5 275 297 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXpsF2itr0%3D 19464318 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plipres.2009.05.001
- MoseleyLLancasterGIJeukendrupAEEffects of timing of pre-exercise ingestion of carbohydrate on subsequent metabolism and cycling performanceEur J Appl Physiol200388 4–5 453 458 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXjtlCkuw%3D%3D 12527977 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-002-0728-8
- JeukendrupAEKillerSCThe myths surrounding pre-exercise carbohydrate feedingAnn Nutr Metab201057 Suppl 2 18 25 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXisVaiu7w%3D 21346333 https://doi.org/10.1159/000322698
- MurrayBRosenbloomCFundamentals of glycogen metabolism for coaches and athletesNutr Rev201876 4 243 259 29444266 6019055 https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuy001
- ThomasDTErdmanKABurkeLMPosition of the academy of nutrition and dietetics, dietitians of Canada, and the American College of Sports Medicine: nutrition and athletic performanceJ Acad Nutr Diet2016116 3 501 528 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2015.12.006
- HansenAKFischerCPPlomgaardPAndersenJLSaltinBPedersenBKSkeletal muscle adaptation: training twice every second day vs. training once dailyJ Appl Physiol (1985)200598 1 93 99 https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00163.2004
- BurkeLMHawleyJAJeukendrupAMortonJPStellingwerffTMaughanRJToward a common understanding of diet-exercise strategies to manipulate fuel availability for training and competition preparation in endurance sportInt J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab201828 5 451 463 30249148 https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2018-0289
- YeoWKPatonCDGarnhamAPBurkeLMCareyALHawleyJASkeletal muscle adaptation and performance responses to once a day versus twice every second day endurance training regimensJ Appl Physiol (1985)2008105 5 1462 1470 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhsVOqsrbF https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.90882.2008
- StatutaSMAsifIMDreznerJARelative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S)Br J Sports Med201751 21 1570 1571 28684389 https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2017-097700
- GleesonMImmune function in sport and exerciseJ Appl Physiol (1985)2007103 2 693 699 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhtVShs7%2FL https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00008.2007
- VolekJSFreidenreichDJSaenzCKuncesLJCreightonBCBartleyJMDavittPMMunozCXAndersonJMMareshCMLeeECSchuenkeMDAerniGKraemerWJPhinneySDMetabolic characteristics of keto-adapted ultra-endurance runnersMetabolism201665 3 100 110 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC28Xislaqs7g%3D 26892521 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2015.10.028
- PhinneySDBistrianBREvansWJGervinoEBlackburnGLThe human metabolic response to chronic ketosis without caloric restriction: preservation of submaximal exercise capability with reduced carbohydrate oxidationMetabolism198332 8 769 776 1:CAS:528:DyaL3sXktlOns70%3D 6865776 https://doi.org/10.1016/0026-0495(83)90106-3
- CoxPJKirkTAshmoreTWillertonKEvansRSmithAMurrayAJStubbsBWestJMcLureSWKingMTDoddMSHollowayCNeubauerSDrawerSVeechRLGriffinJLClarkeKNutritional ketosis alters fuel preference and thereby endurance performance in athletesCell Metab201624 2 256 268 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC28Xht1Ght7fL 27475046 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2016.07.010
- BilsboroughSACroweTCLow-carbohydrate diets: what are the potential short- and long-term health implications?Asia Pac J Clin Nutr200312 4 396 404 14672862
- Stendig-LindbergGShapiroYEpsteinYGalunESchonbergerEGraffEWackerWEChanges in serum magnesium concentration after strenuous exerciseJ Am Coll Nutr19876 1 35 40 1:CAS:528:DyaL2sXltlWlsbY%3D 3453693 https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.1987.10720163
- WoolfKManoreMMB-vitamins and exercise: does exercise alter requirements?Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab200616 5 453 484 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xht1ehtLrI 17240780 https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.16.5.453
- ZinnCWoodMWillidenMChattertonSMaunderEKetogenic diet benefits body composition and well-being but not performance in a pilot case study of New Zealand endurance athletesJ Int Soc Sports Nutr201714 22 017 28706467 5506682 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-017-0180-0 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXitVOru7%2FJ
- BurkeLMRossMLGarvican-LewisLAWelvaertMHeikuraIAForbesSGMirtschinJGCatoLEStrobelNSharmaAPHawleyJALow carbohydrate, high fat diet impairs exercise economy and negates the performance benefit from intensified training in elite race walkersJ Physiol2017595 9 2785 2807 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXis1Wqtrs%3D 28012184 5407976 https://doi.org/10.1113/JP273230
- EstonRGMickleboroughJBaltzopoulosVEccentric activation and muscle damage: biomechanical and physiological considerations during downhill runningBr J Sports Med199529 2 89 94 1:STN:280:DyaK28%2FkslGgtw%3D%3D 7551767 1332286 https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.29.2.89
- PhillipsSMProtein requirements and supplementation in strength sportsNutrition200420 7–8 689 695 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXltVGiur4%3D 15212752 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2004.04.009
- ShinKAParkKDAhnJParkYKimYJComparison of changes in biochemical markers for skeletal muscles, hepatic metabolism, and renal function after three types of long-distance running: observational studyMedicine (Baltimore)201695 20 e3657 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC28XotF2gtrc%3D https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000003657
- SonHJLeeYHChaeJHKimCKCreatine kinase isoenzyme activity during and after an ultra-distance (200 km) runBiol Sport201532 4 357 361 1:STN:280:DC%2BC1crkvVakuw%3D%3D 28479667 5394848
- FallonKSivyerGSivyerKDareAThe biochemistry of runners in a 1600 km ultramarathonBr J Sports Med199933 4 264 1:STN:280:DyaK1MznvV2ktA%3D%3D 10450482 1756186 https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.33.4.264
- BraunWADuttoDJThe effects of a single bout of downhill running and ensuing delayed onset of muscle soreness on running economy performed 48 h laterEur J Appl Physiol200390 1–2 29 34 12783232 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-003-0857-8
- JastrzebskiZZychowskaMJastrzebskaMPrusikKPrusikKKortasJRatkowskiWKoniecznaKRadziminskiLChanges in blood morphology and chosen biochemical parameters in ultra-marathon runners during a 100-km run in relation to the age and speed of runnersInt J Occup Med Environ Health201629 5 801 27518889 https://doi.org/10.13075/ijomeh.1896.00610
- JagerRKerksickCMCampbellBICribbPJWellsSDSkwiatTMPurpuraMZiegenfussTNFerrandoAAArentSMSmith-RyanAEStoutJRArcieroPJOrmsbeeMJTaylorLWWilbornCDKalmanDSKreiderRBWilloughbyDSHoffmanJRKrzykowskiJLAntonioJInternational Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: protein and exerciseJ Int Soc Sports Nutr201714 20 017 28642676 5477153 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-017-0177-8 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXitVOru7zE
- CintineoHPArentMAAntonioJArentSMEffects of protein supplementation on performance and recovery in resistance and endurance trainingFront Nutr20185 83 30255023 6142015 https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2018.00083
- LonglandTMOikawaSYMitchellCJDevriesMCPhillipsSMHigher compared with lower dietary protein during an energy deficit combined with intense exercise promotes greater lean mass gain and fat mass loss: a randomized trialAm J Clin Nutr2016103 3 738 746 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC28XnvFCmtbg%3D 26817506 https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.115.119339
- WitardOCJackmanSRBreenLSmithKSelbyATiptonKDMyofibrillar muscle protein synthesis rates subsequent to a meal in response to increasing doses of whey protein at rest and after resistance exerciseAm J Clin Nutr201499 1 86 95 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXislamtw%3D%3D 24257722 https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.112.055517
- YangYBreenLBurdNAHectorAJChurchward-VenneTAJosseARTarnopolskyMAPhillipsSMResistance exercise enhances myofibrillar protein synthesis with graded intakes of whey protein in older menBr J Nutr2012108 10 1780 1788 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xhslaiu77F 22313809 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114511007422
- KatsanosCSKobayashiHSheffield-MooreMAarslandAWolfeRRA high proportion of leucine is required for optimal stimulation of the rate of muscle protein synthesis by essential amino acids in the elderlyAm J Physiol Endocrinol Metab2006291 2 E381 E387 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XovVWgtLw%3D 16507602 https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00488.2005
- AretaJLBurkeLMRossMLCameraDMWestDWBroadEMJeacockeNAMooreDRStellingwerffTPhillipsSMHawleyJACoffeyVGTiming and distribution of protein ingestion during prolonged recovery from resistance exercise alters myofibrillar protein synthesisJ Physiol2013591 9 2319 2331 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXos1Kgurg%3D 23459753 3650697 https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2012.244897
- SnijdersTTrommelenJKouwIWKHolwerdaAMVerdijkLBvan LoonLJCThe Impact of Pre-sleep Protein Ingestion on the Skeletal Muscle Adaptive Response to Exercise in Humans: An UpdateFront Nutr20196 17 30895177 6415027 https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2019.00017
- McKenzieSPhillipsSMCarterSLLowtherSGibalaMJTarnopolskyMAEndurance exercise training attenuates leucine oxidation and BCOAD activation during exercise in humansAm J Physiol Endocrinol Metab2000278 4 E580 E587 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXis12itLs%3D 10751189 https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.2000.278.4.E580
- NegroMGiardinaSMarzaniBMarzaticoFBranched-chain amino acid supplementation does not enhance athletic performance but affects muscle recovery and the immune systemJ Sports Med Phys Fitness200848 3 347 351 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhsVaitbjF 18974721
- BassitRASawadaLABacurauRFNavarroFCosta RosaLFThe effect of BCAA supplementation upon the immune response of triathletesMed Sci Sports Exerc200032 7 1214 1219 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXlsF2jsLg%3D 10912884 https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200007000-00005
- WolfeRRBranched-chain amino acids and muscle protein synthesis in humans: myth or reality?J Int Soc Sports Nutr201714 30 017 28852372 5568273 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-017-0184-9 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXitV2gsrfN
- AnthonyJCAnthonyTGKimballSRJeffersonLSSignaling pathways involved in translational control of protein synthesis in skeletal muscle by leucineJ Nutr2001131 3 856S 860S 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M3hs1agug%3D%3D 11238774 https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/131.3.856S
- Churchward-VenneTABreenLDi DonatoDMHectorAJMitchellCJMooreDRStellingwerffTBreuilleDOffordEABakerSKPhillipsSMLeucine supplementation of a low-protein mixed macronutrient beverage enhances myofibrillar protein synthesis in young men: a double-blind, randomized trialAm J Clin Nutr201499 2 276 286 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXhs1WlsLk%3D 24284442 https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.113.068775
- PereiraERde AndradeMTMendesTTRamosGPMaia-LimaAMeloESCarvalhoMVWilkeCFPradoLSSilami-GarciaEEvaluation of hydration status by urine, body mass variation and plasma parameters during an official half-marathonJ Sports Med Phys Fitness201757 11 1499 1503 28085125
- CheuvrontSNMontainSJSawkaMNFluid replacement and performance during the marathonSports Med200737 4–5 353 357 17465606 https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200737040-00020
- ShirreffsSMMersonSJFraserSMArcherDTThe effects of fluid restriction on hydration status and subjective feelings in manBr J Nutr200491 6 951 958 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXltlGlsrk%3D 15182398 15182398 https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN20041149
- ShirreffsSMTaylorAJLeiperJBMaughanRJPost-exercise rehydration in man: effects of volume consumed and drink sodium contentMed Sci Sports Exerc199628 10 1260 1271 1:STN:280:DyaK2s%2Flt1Onuw%3D%3D 8897383 https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199610000-00009
- MitchellJBGrandjeanPWPizzaFXStarlingRDHoltzRWThe effect of volume ingested on rehydration and gastric emptying following exercise-induced dehydrationMed Sci Sports Exerc199426 9 1135 1143 1:STN:280:DyaK2M7gslSltQ%3D%3D 7808248 https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199409000-00011
- NoseHMackGWShiXRNadelERRole of osmolality and plasma volume during rehydration in humansJ Appl Physiol (1985)198865 1 325 331 1:STN:280:DyaL1c3pvVGlug%3D%3D https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1988.65.1.325
- RanchordasMKTillerNBRamchandaniGJutleyRBlowATyeJDruryBNormative data on regional sweat-sodium concentrations of professional male team-sport athletesJ Int Soc Sports Nutr201714 40 017 29093646 5661918 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-017-0197-4 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXitFWntr7L
- BakerLBUngaroCTBarnesKANuccioRPReimelAJStofanJRValidity and reliability of a field technique for sweat Na+ and K+ analysis during exercise in a hot-humid environmentPhys Rep20142 5 e12007 https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.12007 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXovFalt7k%3D
- SawkaMNCheuvrontSNCarterRHuman water needsNutr Rev200563 6 Pt 2 S30 S39 16028570 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.2005.tb00152.x
- CheuvrontSNKenefickRWDehydration: physiology, assessment, and performance effectsCompr Physiol20144 1 257 285 24692140 https://doi.org/10.1002/cphy.c130017
- FudgeBWEastonCKingsmoreDKiplamaiFKOnyweraVOWesterterpKRKayserBNoakesTDPitsiladisYPElite Kenyan endurance runners are hydrated day-to-day with ad libitum fluid intakeMed Sci Sports Exerc200840 6 1171 1179 18460986 18460986 https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e318169cdda
- RobertsonGLThe regulation of vasopressin function in health and diseaseRecent Prog Horm Res197633 333 385 1:CAS:528:DyaE1MXltlynsLk%3D 801194
- Hew-ButlerTRosnerMHFowkes-GodekSDugasJPHoffmanMDLewisDPMaughanRJMillerKCMontainSJRehrerNJRobertsWORogersIRSiegelAJStuempfleKJWingerJMVerbalisJGStatement of the third international exercise-associated hyponatremia consensus development conference, Carlsbad, California, 2015Clin J Sport Med201525 4 303 320 https://doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0000000000000221
- O'NealEKWingoJERichardsonMTLeeperJDNeggersYHBishopPAHalf-marathon and full-marathon runners' hydration practices and perceptionsJ Athl Train201146 6 581 591 22488182 3418934 https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-46.6.581
- Cheuvront SN, Sawka MN: Hydration assessment of athletes. [https://www.gssiweb.org/sports-science-exchange/article/sse-97-hydration-assessment-of-athletes].
- GlaceBWMurphyCAMcHughMPFood intake and electrolyte status of ultramarathoners competing in extreme heatJ Am Coll Nutr200221 6 553 559 12480801 https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.2002.10719254 12480801
- CostillDSaltinBFactors limiting gastric emptying during rest and exerciseJ Appl Physiol197437 5 679 1:STN:280:DyaE2M%2FmtVWhtg%3D%3D 4436193 https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1974.37.5.679 4436193
- EdenBDAbernethyPJNutritional intake during an ultraendurance running raceInt J Sport Nutr19944 2 166 174 1:STN:280:DyaK2czjt1WhtA%3D%3D 8054961 https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsn.4.2.166 8054961
- MartinezSAguiloARodasLLozanoLMorenoCTaulerPEnergy, macronutrient and water intake during a mountain ultramarathon event: the influence of distanceJ Sports Sci201836 3 333 339 28322630 https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2017.1306092 28322630
- StellingwerffTCompetition nutrition practices of elite ultramarathon runnersInt J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab201626 1 93 99 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXmsFCqt7Y%3D 26061831 https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2015-0030 26061831
- JeukendrupAETraining the gut for athletesSports Med201747 Suppl 1 101 110 5371619 5371619 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-017-0690-6
- BergstromJHultmanEMuscle glycogen synthesis after exercise: an enhancing factor localized to the muscle cells in manNature1966210 5033 309 310 1:CAS:528:DyaF28XhtVOltr4%3D 5954569 https://doi.org/10.1038/210309a0 5954569
- GimenezPKerherveHMessonnierLAFeassonLMilletGYChanges in the energy cost of running during a 24-h treadmill exerciseMed Sci Sports Exerc201345 9 1807 1813 23524515 https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e318292c0ec 23524515
- AchtenJJeukendrupAEMaximal fat oxidation during exercise in trained menInt J Sports Med200324 8 603 608 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3srhvFGguw%3D%3D 14598198 https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2003-43265 14598198
- EdwardsHMargariaRDillDMetabolic rate, blood sugar and the utilization of carbohydrateAm J Phys1934108 1 203 1:CAS:528:DyaA2cXltlWnsw%3D%3D https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplegacy.1934.108.1.203
- JeukendrupAEModulation of carbohydrate and fat utilization by diet, exercise and environmentBiochem Soc Trans200331 Pt 6 1270 1273 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXps12jsL0%3D 14641041 https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0311270 14641041
- CostaRJGillSKHankeyJWrightAMarczakSPerturbed energy balance and hydration status in ultra-endurance runners during a 24 h ultra-marathonBr J Nutr2014112 3 428 437 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXhtVOgt7bJ 24818799 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114514000907 24818799
- JeukendrupAECarbohydrate and exercise performance: the role of multiple transportable carbohydratesCurr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care201013 4 452 457 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXnvFyltbo%3D https://doi.org/10.1097/MCO.0b013e328339de9f
- CostaRJSHoffmanMDStellingwerffTConsiderations for ultra-endurance activities: part 1- nutritionRes Sports Med201927 2 166 181 30056753 https://doi.org/10.1080/15438627.2018.1502188 30056753
- KoopmanRPannemansDLJeukendrupAEGijsenAPSendenJMHallidayDSarisWHvan LoonLJWagenmakersAJCombined ingestion of protein and carbohydrate improves protein balance during ultra-endurance exerciseAm J Physiol Endocrinol Metab2004287 4 E712 E720 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXptVyitbY%3D 15165999 https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00543.2003 15165999
- KnechtleBKnechtlePMrazekCSennORosemannTImoberdorfRBallmerPNo effect of short-term amino acid supplementation on variables related to skeletal muscle damage in 100 km ultra-runners - a randomized controlled trialJ Int Soc Sports Nutr20118 6 2783 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXls1Sgur4%3D 21473783 3079604 https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-8-6
- MeeusenRWatsonPAmino acids and the brain: do they play a role in "central fatigue"?Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab200717 Suppl S37 S46 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhtVCru7nK 18577773 https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.17.s1.s37 18577773
- NewsholmeEABlomstrandEBranched-chain amino acids and central fatigueJ Nutr2006136 1 Suppl 274S 276S 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XivFSitw%3D%3D 16365097 https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/136.1.274S 16365097
- MeeusenRWatsonPHasegawaHRoelandsBPiacentiniMFCentral fatigue: the serotonin hypothesis and beyondSports Med200636 10 881 909 17004850 https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200636100-00006
- BlomstrandEHassmenPEkSEkblomBNewsholmeEAInfluence of ingesting a solution of branched-chain amino acids on perceived exertion during exerciseActa Physiol Scand1997159 1 41 49 1:STN:280:DyaK2s7nsFajsA%3D%3D 9124069 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-201X.1997.547327000.x
- MittlemanKDRicciMRBaileySPBranched-chain amino acids prolong exercise during heat stress in men and womenMed Sci Sports Exerc199830 1 83 91 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXhtVajsbk%3D 9475648 https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199801000-00012
- BlennerhassettCMcNaughtonLRSparksSAFactors influencing ultra-endurance athletes food choices: an adapted food choice questionnaireRes Sports Med201927 2 257 271 1:STN:280:DC%2BB3czptFWrug%3D%3D 30318911 https://doi.org/10.1080/15438627.2018.1530999
- McCubbinAJCoxGRBroadEMCase study: nutrition planning and intake for Marathon des sables-a series of five runnersInt J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab201626 6 581 587 27097381 https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2016-0016
- GlaceBMurphyCMcHughMFood and fluid intake and disturbances in gastrointestinal and mental function during an ultramarathonInt J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab200212 4 414 427 12500985 https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.12.4.414
- MoranSTDziedzicCECoxGRFeeding strategies of a female athlete during an ultraendurance running eventInt J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab201121 4 347 351 21813918 https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.21.4.347
- CoyleEFCardiovascular drift during prolonged exercise and the effects of dehydrationInt J Sports Med199819 Suppl 2 S121 S124 9694416 https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-971975
- American College of Sports Medicine SawkaMNBurkeLMEichnerERMaughanRJMontainSJStachenfeldNSAmerican College of Sports Medicine position stand. Exercise and fluid replacementMed Sci Sports Exerc200739 2 377 390 https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e31802ca597
- JamesLJMossJHenryJPapadopoulouCMearsSAHypohydration impairs endurance performance: a blinded studyPhys Rep20175 12 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXhtVygur7O https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.13315
- BergeronMFHeat stress and thermal strain challenges in runningJ Orthop Sports Phys Ther201444 10 831 838 25103131 https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2014.5500
- KenefickRWDrinking strategies: planned drinking versus drinking to thirstSports Med201848 Suppl 1 31 37 29368181 5790864 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-017-0844-6
- WingerJMHoffmanMDHew-ButlerTDStuempfleKJDugasJPFogardKDugasLRThe effect of physiology and hydration beliefs on race behavior and postrace sodium in 161-km ultramarathon finishersInt J Sports Physiol Perform20138 5 536 541 23412802 https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.8.5.536
- FallonKBroadEThompsonMReullPNutritional and fluid intake in a 100-km ultramarathonInt J Sport Nutr19988 1 24 1:STN:280:DyaK1c7psFGlsQ%3D%3D 9534079 https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsn.8.1.24
- SiegelAJFatal water intoxication and cardiac arrest in runners during marathons: prevention and treatment based on validated clinical paradigmsAm J Med2015128 10 1070 1075 25910792 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.03.031
- KreiderRBPhysiological considerations of ultraendurance performanceInt J Sport Nutr19911 1 3 27 1:STN:280:DyaK3s3it1yksg%3D%3D 1844400 https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsn.1.1.3
- MontainSJSawkaMNWengerCBHyponatremia associated with exercise: risk factors and pathogenesisExerc Sport Sci Rev200129 3 113 117 1:STN:280:DC%2BD38%2FisVKitA%3D%3D 11474958 https://doi.org/10.1097/00003677-200107000-00005
- BakerLBJeukendrupAEOptimal composition of fluid-replacement beveragesCompr Physiol20144 2 575 620 24715561 https://doi.org/10.1002/cphy.c130014
- de OliveiraEPBuriniRCJeukendrupAGastrointestinal complaints during exercise: prevalence, etiology, and nutritional recommendationsSports Med201444 Suppl 1 S79 S85 24791919 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-014-0153-2
- RiddochCTrinickTGastrointestinal disturbances in marathon runnersBr J Sports Med198822 2 71 74 1:STN:280:DyaL1M%2FgtFyltA%3D%3D 3167507 1478552 https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.22.2.71
- StuempfleKJHoffmanMDGastrointestinal distress is common during a 161-km ultramarathonJ Sports Sci201533 17 1814 1821 25716739 https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1012104
- RowellLBBlackmonJRBruceRAIndocyanine green clearance and estimated hepatic blood flow during mild to maximal exercise in upright manJ Clin Invest196443 1677 1690 1:STN:280:DyaF2M%2FgsF2htA%3D%3D 14201551 441967 https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI105043
- QamarMIReadAEEffects of exercise on mesenteric blood flow in manGut198728 5 583 587 1:STN:280:DyaL2s3kvVagsg%3D%3D 3596339 1432887 https://doi.org/10.1136/gut.28.5.583
- van WijckKLenaertsKvan LoonLJPetersWHBuurmanWADejongCHExercise-induced splanchnic hypoperfusion results in gut dysfunction in healthy menPLoS One20116 7 e22366 21811592 3141050 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022366 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhtVGhtL7I
- ZuhlMSchneiderSLanphereKConnCDokladnyKMoseleyPExercise regulation of intestinal tight junction proteinsBr J Sports Med201448 12 980 986 23134759 https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2012-091585
- Brock-UtneJGGaffinSLWellsMTGathiramPSoharEJamesMFMorrellDFNormanRJEndotoxaemia in exhausted runners after a long-distance raceS Afr Med J198873 9 533 536 1:STN:280:DyaL1c3js1WhsA%3D%3D 3375945
- JeukendrupAEVet-JoopKSturkAStegenJHSendenJSarisWHWagenmakersAJRelationship between gastro-intestinal complaints and endotoxaemia, cytokine release and the acute-phase reaction during and after a long-distance triathlon in highly trained menClin Sci (Lond)200098 1 47 55 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c%2FmvFartw%3D%3D https://doi.org/10.1042/cs0980047
- CostaRJSSnipeRMJKiticCMGibsonPRSystematic review: exercise-induced gastrointestinal syndrome-implications for health and intestinal diseaseAliment Pharmacol Ther201746 3 246 265 1:STN:280:DC%2BC1cnlvVemtw%3D%3D 28589631 https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14157
- SinghRKChangHWYanDLeeKMUcmakDWongKAbroukMFarahnikBNakamuraMZhuTHBhutaniTLiaoWInfluence of diet on the gut microbiome and implications for human healthJ Transl Med201715 1 73 017 28388917 28388917 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-017-1175-y 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXhsVans7%2FO
- GuyJHVincentGENutrition and Supplementation Considerations to Limit Endotoxemia When Exercising in the HeatSports (Basel)20186 1 https://doi.org/10.3390/sports6010012\
- RobertsJDTarpeyMDKassLSTarpeyRJRobertsMGAssessing a commercially available sports drink on exogenous carbohydrate oxidation, fluid delivery and sustained exercise performanceJ Int Soc Sports Nutr201411 1 8 2783 24589205 3975841 https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-11-8 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2MXivVaiu7c%3D
- CoxGRClarkSACoxAJHalsonSLHargreavesMHawleyJAJeacockeNSnowRJYeoWKBurkeLMDaily training with high carbohydrate availability increases exogenous carbohydrate oxidation during endurance cyclingJ Appl Physiol (1985)2010109 1 126 134 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhtVSksLbO https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00950.2009
- WiffinMSmithLAntonioJJohnstoneJBeasleyLRobertsJEffect of a short-term low fermentable oligiosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide and polyol (FODMAP) diet on exercise-related gastrointestinal symptomsJ Int Soc Sports Nutr201916 1 1 019 30646926 6332635 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-019-0268-9
- LisDMStellingwerffTKiticCMFellJWAhujaKDKLow FODMAP: a preliminary strategy to reduce gastrointestinal distress in athletesMed Sci Sports Exerc201850 1 116 123 28891824 https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001419
- TuohyKMProbertHMSmejkalCWGibsonGRUsing probiotics and prebiotics to improve gut healthDrug Discov Today20038 15 692 700 12927512 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6446(03)02746-6
- WestNPPyneDBCrippsAWHopkinsWGEskesenDCJairathAChristophersenCTConlonMAFrickerPALactobacillus fermentum (PCC(R)) supplementation and gastrointestinal and respiratory-tract illness symptoms: a randomised control trial in athletesNutr J201110 30 2891 21477383 3083335 https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-10-30
- RobertsJustinSucklingCraigPeedleGeorgiaMurphyJosephDawkinsTonyRobertsMichaelAn Exploratory Investigation of Endotoxin Levels in Novice Long Distance Triathletes, and the Effects of a Multi-Strain Probiotic/Prebiotic, Antioxidant InterventionNutrients20168 11 733 5133117 https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8110733 5133117
- PughJNSparksASDoranDAFlemingSCLangan-EvansCKirkBFearnRMortonJPCloseGLFour weeks of probiotic supplementation reduces GI symptoms during a marathon raceEur J Appl Physiol2019119 7 1491 30982100 6570661 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-019-04136-3
- LamprechtMBognerSSchippingerGSteinbauerKFankhauserFHallstroemSSchuetzBGreilbergerJFProbiotic supplementation affects markers of intestinal barrier, oxidation, and inflammation in trained men; a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trialJ Int Soc Sports Nutr20129 1 45 2783 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XhvVSiur%2FK 22992437 3465223 https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-9-45
- Davani-DavariDornaNegahdaripourManicaKarimzadehImanSeifanMostafaMohkamMiladMasoumiSeyedBerenjianAydinGhasemiYounesPrebiotics: Definition, Types, Sources, Mechanisms, and Clinical ApplicationsFoods20198 3 92 6463098 https://doi.org/10.3390/foods8030092 6463098
- GoldsteinERZiegenfussTKalmanDKreiderRCampbellBWilbornCTaylorLWilloughbyDStoutJGravesBSWildmanRIvyJLSpanoMSmithAEAntonioJInternational society of sports nutrition position stand: caffeine and performanceJ Int Soc Sports Nutr20107 1 5 2783 20205813 2824625 https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-7-5 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXksFensb8%3D
- BurkeLMCaffeine and sports performanceAppl Physiol Nutr Metab200833 6 1319 1334 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhsFSmtbfI 19088794 https://doi.org/10.1139/H08-130
- Grgic J, Grgic I, Pickering C, Schoenfeld BJ, Bishop DJ, Pedisic Z. Wake up and smell the coffee: caffeine supplementation and exercise performance-an umbrella review of 21 published meta-analyses. Br J Sports Med. 2019.
- WomackCJSaundersMJBechtelMKBoltonDJMartinMLudenNDDunhamWHancockMThe influence of a CYP1A2 polymorphism on the ergogenic effects of caffeineJ Int Soc Sports Nutr20129 1 7 2783 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xntlegsbw%3D 22420682 3334681 https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-9-7
- TarnopolskyMAEffect of caffeine on the neuromuscular system--potential as an ergogenic aidAppl Physiol Nutr Metab200833 6 1284 1289 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhsFSmtbfP 19088790 https://doi.org/10.1139/H08-121
- PallaresJGFernandez-EliasVEOrtegaJFMunozGMunoz-GuerraJMora-RodriguezRNeuromuscular responses to incremental caffeine doses: performance and side effectsMed Sci Sports Exerc201345 11 2184 2192 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhs1Ckt77F 23669879 https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e31829a6672
- BeaumontRCorderyPFunnellMMearsSJamesLWatsonPChronic ingestion of a low dose of caffeine induces tolerance to the performance benefits of caffeineJ Sports Sci201735 19 1920 1927 27762662 https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2016.1241421
- GoncalvesLSPainelliVSYamaguchiGOliveiraLFSaundersBda SilvaRPMacielEArtioliGGRoschelHGualanoBDispelling the myth that habitual caffeine consumption influences the performance response to acute caffeine supplementationJ Appl Physiol (1985)2017123 1 213 220 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXitVeku7nF https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00260.2017
- GrahamTECaffeine, coffee and ephedrine: impact on exercise performance and metabolismCan J Appl Physiol200126 Suppl S103 S119 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XhsVOjsro%3D 11897887
- GrahamTESprietLLMetabolic, catecholamine, and exercise performance responses to various doses of caffeineJ Appl Physiol (1985)199578 3 867 874 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXlt1eit7Y%3D https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1995.78.3.867
- CoxGRDesbrowBMontgomeryPGAndersonMEBruceCRMacridesTAMartinDTMoquinARobertsAHawleyJABurkeLMEffect of different protocols of caffeine intake on metabolism and endurance performanceJ Appl Physiol (1985)200293 3 990 999 https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00249.2002
- WangYLiuZHanYXuJHuangWLiZMedium chain triglycerides enhances exercise endurance through the increased mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolismPLoS One201813 2 e0191182 29420554 5805166 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0191182 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXhs1Kqtb7P
- JeukendrupAESarisWHVan DiesenRBrounsFWagenmakersAJEffect of endogenous carbohydrate availability on oral medium-chain triglyceride oxidation during prolonged exerciseJ Appl Physiol (1985)199680 3 949 954 1:CAS:528:DyaK28XitlaqsL4%3D https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1996.80.3.949
- MisellLMLagomarcinoNDSchusterVKernMChronic medium-chain triacylglycerol consumption and endurance performance in trained runnersJ Sports Med Phys Fitness200141 2 210 215 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXmsVOmurc%3D 11447364
- CoxPJClarkeKAcute nutritional ketosis: implications for exercise performance and metabolismExtrem Physiol Med20143 17 7648 25379174 4212585 https://doi.org/10.1186/2046-7648-3-17
- LeckeyJJRossMLQuodMHawleyJABurkeLMKetone Diester ingestion impairs time-trial performance in professional cyclistsFront Physiol20178 806 29109686 5660098 https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2017.00806
- O'MalleyTMyette-CoteEDurrerCLittleJPNutritional ketone salts increase fat oxidation but impair high-intensity exercise performance in healthy adult malesAppl Physiol Nutr Metab201742 10 1031 1035 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXht1CksrnM 28750585 https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2016-0641
- SinghAMosesFMDeusterPAChronic multivitamin-mineral supplementation does not enhance physical performanceMed Sci Sports Exerc199224 6 726 732 1:CAS:528:DyaK38Xls12qt7Y%3D 1602947 https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199206000-00017
- WeightLMMyburghKHNoakesTDVitamin and mineral supplementation: effect on the running performance of trained athletesAm J Clin Nutr198847 2 192 195 1:CAS:528:DyaL1cXhvVGmsbc%3D 3341247 https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/47.2.192
- KnechtleBKnechtlePSchulzeIKohlerGVitamins, minerals and race performance in ultra-endurance runners--Deutschlandlauf 2006Asia Pac J Clin Nutr200817 2 194 198 18586636
- SinghAEvansPGallagherKLDeusterPADietary intakes and biochemical profiles of nutritional status of ultramarathonersMed Sci Sports Exerc199325 3 328 334 1:STN:280:DyaK3s3gsVKkug%3D%3D 8455447 https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199303000-00006
- NiemanDCHensonDAMcAnultySRMcAnultyLSwickNSUtterACVinciDMOpielaSJMorrowJDInfluence of vitamin C supplementation on oxidative and immune changes after an ultramarathonJ Appl Physiol (1985)200292 5 1970 1977 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XjvFeku7o%3D https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00961.2001
- PetersEMGoetzscheJMGrobbelaarBNoakesTDVitamin C supplementation reduces the incidence of postrace symptoms of upper-respiratory-tract infection in ultramarathon runnersAm J Clin Nutr199357 2 170 174 1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXht1entL4%3D 8185726 https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/57.2.170
- MastaloudisAMorrowJDHopkinsDWDevarajSTraberMGAntioxidant supplementation prevents exercise-induced lipid peroxidation, but not inflammation, in ultramarathon runnersFree Radic Biol Med200436 10 1329 1341 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXjsVelsb0%3D 15110397 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.02.069
- PeterneljTTCoombesJSAntioxidant supplementation during exercise training: beneficial or detrimental?Sports Med201141 12 1043 1069 22060178 https://doi.org/10.2165/11594400-000000000-00000
- CruzatViniciusMacedo RogeroMarceloNoel KeaneKevinCuriRuiNewsholmePhilipGlutamine: Metabolism and Immune Function, Supplementation and Clinical TranslationNutrients201810 11 1564 6266414 https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10111564 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC1MXotFegtrk%3D
- GleesonMDosing and efficacy of glutamine supplementation in human exercise and sport trainingJ Nutr2008138 10 2045S 2049S 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXht1Sgu7fM 18806122 https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/138.10.2045S 18806122
- PughJNSageSHutsonMDoranDAFlemingSCHightonJMortonJPCloseGLGlutamine supplementation reduces markers of intestinal permeability during running in the heat in a dose-dependent mannerEur J Appl Physiol2017117 12 2569 2577 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXhslWjurnL 29058112 5694515 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-017-3744-4
- ZuhlMNLanphereKRKravitzLMermierCMSchneiderSDokladnyKMoseleyPLEffects of oral glutamine supplementation on exercise-induced gastrointestinal permeability and tight junction protein expressionJ Appl Physiol (1985)2014116 2 183 191 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXksFSitb8%3D https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00646.2013
- WardenSJProphylactic use of NSAIDs by athletes: a risk/benefit assessmentPhys Sportsmed201038 1 132 138 20424410 https://doi.org/10.3810/psm.2010.04.1770 20424410
- JoslinJLloydJBKotlyarTWojcikSMNSAID and other analgesic use by endurance runners during training, competition and recoverySouth African Journal of Sports Medicine201325 4 101 https://doi.org/10.17159/2078-516X/2013/v25i4a340
- Scheer BV, Burgos EV: The hidden danger of endurance races: analgesic use among ultramarathon runners. Abstracts from the 3rd European College of Sports and Exercise Physicians (ECOSEP) conference on 25–27 April 2013, 47(10).
- O'GradyMHackneyACSchneiderKBossenESteinbergKDouglasJMMurrayWJWatkinsWDDiclofenac sodium (Voltaren) reduced exercise-induced injury in human skeletal muscleMed Sci Sports Exerc200032 7 1191 1196 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXlsF2jsLs%3D 10912880 https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200007000-00001
- SayersSPKnightCAClarksonPMVan WegenEHKamenGEffect of ketoprofen on muscle function and sEMG activity after eccentric exerciseMed Sci Sports Exerc200133 5 702 710 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXjs1Smt7k%3D 11323536 https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200105000-00004
- DonnellyAEMaughanRJWhitingPHEffects of ibuprofen on exercise-induced muscle soreness and indices of muscle damageBr J Sports Med199024 3 191 195 1:STN:280:DyaK3M7ns1ertg%3D%3D 2078806 1478782 https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.24.3.191
- GulickDTKimuraIFSitlerMPaoloneAKellyJDVarious treatment techniques on signs and symptoms of delayed onset muscle sorenessJ Athl Train199631 2 145 152 1:STN:280:DC%2BC3cngsF2jsg%3D%3D 16558388 1318445
- MikkelsenURLangbergHHelmarkICSkovgaardDAndersenLLKjaerMMackeyALLocal NSAID infusion inhibits satellite cell proliferation in human skeletal muscle after eccentric exerciseJ Appl Physiol (1985)2009107 5 1600 1611 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhsVKgsLfP https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00707.2009
- NiemanDCDumkeCLHensonDAMcAnultySRGrossSJLindRHMuscle damage is linked to cytokine changes following a 160-km raceBrain Behav Immun200519 5 398 403 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXntVGjurw%3D 16061149 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2005.03.008 16061149
- PetersonJMTrappeTAMylonaEWhiteFLambertCPEvansWJPizzaFXIbuprofen and acetaminophen: effect on muscle inflammation after eccentric exerciseMed Sci Sports Exerc200335 6 892 896 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXlsVaku70%3D 12783034 https://doi.org/10.1249/01.MSS.0000069917.51742.98 12783034
- HalvorsenFALyngJRitlandSGastrointestinal bleeding in marathon runnersScand J Gastroenterol198621 4 493 497 1:STN:280:DyaL283mtFKitQ%3D%3D 3487825 https://doi.org/10.3109/00365528609015168 3487825
- BaskaRSMosesFMGraeberGKearneyGGastrointestinal bleeding during an ultramarathonDig Dis Sci199035 2 276 279 1:STN:280:DyaK3c7ltFChtw%3D%3D 2302987 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01536777 2302987
- McCabeMEPeuraDAKadakiaSCBocekZJohnsonLFGastrointestinal blood loss associated with running a marathonDig Dis Sci198631 11 1229 1232 3490362 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01296525 3490362
- BoulterJNoakesTDHew-ButlerTAcute renal failure in four comrades Marathon runners ingesting the same electrolyte supplement: coincidence or causation?S Afr Med J2011101 12 876 878 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xis1anurc%3D 22273028 22273028
- IrvingRANoakesTDRaineRIVan ZylSRTransient oliguria with renal tubular dysfunction after a 90 km running raceMed Sci Sports Exerc199022 6 756 761 1:STN:280:DyaK3M7ktFamsg%3D%3D 2287252 https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199012000-00004 2287252
- PageAJReidSASpeedyDBMulliganGPThompsonJExercise-associated hyponatremia, renal function, and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug use in an ultraendurance mountain runClin J Sport Med200717 1 43 48 1:STN:280:DC%2BD2s7hslegtQ%3D%3D 17304005 https://doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0b013e31802b5be9 17304005
- KusterMRennerBOppelPNiederweisUBruneKConsumption of analgesics before a marathon and the incidence of cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and renal problems: a cohort studyBMJ Open20133 4 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2012
- GeyerHParrMKKoehlerKMareckUSchanzerWThevisMNutritional supplements cross-contaminated and faked with doping substancesJ Mass Spectrom200843 7 892 902 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXptVehurg%3D 18563865 https://doi.org/10.1002/jms.1452 18563865
- GeyerHParrMKMareckUReinhartUSchraderYSchanzerWAnalysis of non-hormonal nutritional supplements for anabolic-androgenic steroids - results of an international studyInt J Sports Med200425 2 124 129 1:STN:280:DC%2BD2c%2FpsFGmsw%3D%3D 14986195 https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2004-819955