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Review

Common questions and misconceptions about creatine supplementation: what does the scientific evidence really show?

Jose Antonio1 Department of Health and Human PerformanceNova Southeastern UniversityDavieFloridaUSACorrespondence[email protected]

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8930-1058

Darren G. Candow2 Faculty of Kinesiology and Health StudiesUniversity of ReginaReginaCanada

Scott C. Forbes3 Department of Physical Education, Faculty of EducationBrandon UniversityBrandonMBCanada

Bruno Gualano4 Applied Physiology & Nutrition Research Group; School of Medicine, FMUSPUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloSPBrazil

Andrew R. Jagim5 Sports Medicine Department, Mayo Clinic Health SystemLa CrosseWIUSA

Richard B. Kreider6 Exercise & Sport Nutrition Lab, Human Clinical Research Facility, Department of Health & KinesiologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationUSA

Eric S. Rawson7 Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise ScienceMessiah UniversityMechanicsburgPAUSA

Abbie E. Smith-Ryan8 Department of Exercise and Sport ScienceUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNCUSA

Trisha A. VanDusseldorp9 Department of Exercise Science and Sport ManagementKennesaw State UniversityKennesawGAUSA

Darryn S. Willoughby10 School of Exercise and Sport ScienceUniversity of Mary Hardin-BaylorBeltonTXUSA

Tim N. Ziegenfuss11 The Center for Applied Health SciencesCanfieldOhioUSA

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Article: 13 | Published online: 01 Apr 2022

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https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-021-00412-w
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