- 1) (a) Morris, J., Burke, V., Mori, T. A., Vandongen, R., and Beilin, L. J., Effects of garlic extract on platelet aggregation: a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind study. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol., 22, 414-417 (1995).
- 1) (b) Mathew, B. C., and Augusti, K. T., Biochemical effects of garlic protein diet and garlic oil on glycosaminoglycan metabolism in cholesterol fed rats. Ind. J. Exp. Biol., 34, 346-350 (1996).
- 1) (c) Peng, J., Yao, X., Kobayashi, H., and Ma, C., Novel furostanol glycosides from Allium macrostemon. Planta Med., 61, 58-61 (1995).
- 2) Summers, M. F., Marzilli, L. G., and Bax, A., Complete 1H and 13C assignments of coenzyme B12 through the use of new two-dimensional NMR experiments. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 108, 4285-4294 (1986).
- 3) Bax, A., Azolos, A., Dinya, Z., and Sudo, K., Structure elucidation of the antibiotic desertomycin through the use of new two-dimensional NMR techniques. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 108, 8056-8063 (1986).
- 4) Morita T., Ushiroguchi T., Hayashi N., Matsuura H., Itakura Y., and Fuwa T., Steroidal saponins from elephant garlic, bulbs of Allium ampeloprasum L. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 36, 3480-3486 (1988).
- 5) (a) Stevens, J. D., and Fletcher, H. G., Jr., The proton magnetic resonance spectra of pentofuranose derivatives. J. Org. Chem., 33, 1799-1805 (1968).
- 6) Ahmad, V. U., Baqai, F. T., and Ahmad, R., A tigogenin pentasaccharide from Cestrum diurnum. Phytochemistry, 34, 511-515 (1993).
- 7) (a) Wu, A. M., Kabat, E. A., Nilsson, B., Zopf, D. A., Gruezo, F. G., and Liao, J., Immunochemical studies on blood groups. J. Biol. Chem., 259, 7178-7186 (1984).
- 7) (b) Chen, S., and Snyder, J. K., Diosgenin bearing, molluscicidal saponins from Allium vineale: an NMR approach for the structural assignment of oligosaccharide units. J. Org. Chem., 54, 3679-3689 (1989).
- 8) König, W. A., Benecke, I., and Bretting, H., Gas chromatographic separation of carbohydrate enantiomers on a new chiral stationary phase. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 20, 693-694 (1981).
- 9) (a) Carotenuto, A., Fattorusso, E., Lanzotti, V., Magno, S., Feo, V. D., Carnuccio, R., and D’Acquisto, F., Porrigenins A and B, novel cytotoxic and antiproliferative sapogenins isolated from Allium porrum. J. Nat. Prod., 60, 1003-1007 (1997).
- 9) (b) Carotenuto, A., Fattorusso, E., Lanzotti, V., Magno, S., Carnuccio, R., and D’Acquisto, F., 12-Keto-porrigenin and the unique 2,3-seco-porrigenin, new antiproliferative sapogenins from Allium porrum. Tetrahedron, 53, 3401-3406 (1997).
- 10) (a) Nakano, K., Murakami, K., Takaishi, Y., Tomimatsu, T., and Nohara T., Studies on the constituents of Heloniopsis orientalis (THUNB.) C. TANAKA. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 37, 116-118 (1989).
- 10) (b) Jung, K. Y., Do, J. C., and Son, K. H., The structures of two diosgenin glycosides isolated from the subterranean parts of Allium fistulosum. Han’guk Yongyang Siklyong Hakhoechi, 22, 313-316 (1993).
- 11) (a) Kel’ginbaev, A. N., Gorovits, M. B., Gorovits, T. T., and Abubakirov, N. K., The structure of aginoside. Khim. Prir. Soedin., 480-486 (1976).
- 11) (b) Harmatha, J., Mauchamp, B., Arnault, C., and Slama, K., Identification of a spirostane-type saponin in the flowers of leek with inhibitory effects on growth of leek-moth larvae. Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 15, 113-116 (1987).
- 11) (c) Kawashima, K., Mimaki, Y., and Sashida, Y., Steroidal saponins from the bulbs of Allium schubertii. Phytochemistry, 32, 1267-1272 (1993).
- 11) (d) Mimaki, Y., Nikaido, T., Matsumoto, K., Sashida, Y., and Ohmoto, T., New steroidal saponins from the bulbs of Allium giganteum exhibiting potent inhibition of cAMP phosphodiesterase activity. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 42, 710-714 (1994).
- 11) (e) Kawashima, K., Mimaki, Y., and Sashida, Y., Steroidal saponins from Allium giganteum and A. aflatunense. Phytochemistry, 30, 3063-3067 (1991).
- 11) (f) Mimaki, Y., Kawashima, K., Kanmoto, T., and Sashida, Y., Steroidal glycosides from Allium albopilosum and A. ostrowskianum. Phytochemistry, 34, 799-805 (1993).
- 12) Kel’ginbaev, A. N., Gorovits, M. B., and Abubakirov, N. K., Steroid saponins and sapogenins of Allium. VIII. Structure of gantogenin. Khim. Prir. Soedin., 521-522 (1975).
- 13) (a) Pirtskhalava, G. V., Gorovits, M. B., Gorovits, T. T., and Abubakirov, N. K., Steroidal saponins and sapogenins of Allium. XII. Turoside A from Allium turcomanicum. Khim. Prir. Soedin., 355-360 (1978).
- 13) (b) Pirtskhalava, G. V., Gorovits, M. B., and Abubakirov, N. K., Steroidal saponins and sapogenins of Allium. XIII. Turoside A 6-O-benzoate from Allium turcomanicum. Khim. Prir. Soedin., 532-533 (1978).
- 13) (c) Pirtskhalava, G. V., Gorovits, M. B., Gorovits, T. T., and Abubakirov, N. K., Steroid saponins and sapogenins of Allium. XVI. Turoside C from Allium turcomanicum. Khim. Prir. Soedin., 514-522 (1979).
- 14) (a) Vollermer, Y. S., Gorovits, M. B., Gorovits, T. T., and Abubakirov, N. K., Steroid saponins and sapogenins of Allium. XIV. Structure of karatavioside A. Khim. Prir. Soedin., 740-746 (1978).
- 14) (b) Pirtskhalava, G. V., Abdullaev, N. D., Gorovits, M. B., and Abubakirov, N. K., Steroidal saponins and sapogenins of Allium. XVIII. Structure of karatavioside B. Khim. Prir. Soedin., 197-201 (1983).
- 15) Do, J. C., Jung, K. Y., and Son, K. H., Steroidal saponins from the subterranean part of Allium fistulosum. J. Nat. Prod., 55, 168-173 (1992).
- 16) Wu, Y., Peng, J., Yao, X., Okuyama, T., and Narui, T., Macrostemonoside A: a new spirostane saponin from Allium macrostemon Bge. Shenyang Yaoxueyuan Xuebao, 9, 69-70 (1992).
- 17) Krokhmalyuk, V. V., and Kintya, P. K., Steroidal saponins. XIII. Structure of alliumosides D and E from Allium narcissiflorum. Khim. Prir. Soedin., 184-188 (1976).
- 18) Peng, J. P., Yao, X. S., Okada, Y., and Okuyama, T., Structures of macrostemonoside J, K and L from Allium macrostemon Bunge. Yaoxue Xuebao, 29, 526-531 (1994).
- 19) Peng, J. P., Yao, X. S., Tezuka, Y., Kikuchi, T., and Narui, T., New furostanol glycosides, chinenoside IV and V, from Allium chinense. Planta Med., 62, 465-468 (1996).
Full access
New Antifungal and Cytotoxic Steroidal Saponins from the Bulbs of an Elephant Garlic Mutant
Reprints and Corporate Permissions
Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?
To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:
Academic Permissions
Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?
Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:
If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.
Related research
People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.
Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.
Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.