Ethnic-Cultural Background, Maternal Body Size and Pregnancy Outcomes in a Diverse Swiss Cohort

REFERENCES

• Abrams , B. , Altman , S. L. and Pickett , K. E. 2000 . Pregnancy weight gain: Still controversial. . Am J Clin Nutr , 71 ( Suppl. 5 ) : 1233S – 1241S .
   Google Scholar
• Ahlqvist , M. and Wirfalt , E. 2000 . Beliefs concerning dietary practices during pregnancy and lactation. A qualitative study among Iranian women residing in Sweden. . Scand J Caring Sci , 14 ( 2 ) : 105 – 111 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson , A. S. 2001 . Symposium on “nutritional adaptation to pregnancy and lactation.” Pregnancy as a time for dietary change? . Proc Nutr Soc , 60 ( 4 ) : 497 – 504 .
   Google Scholar
• Brawarsky , P. , Stotland , N. E. , Jackson , R. A. , Fuentes-Afflick , E. , Escobar , G. J. , Rubashkin , N. and Haas , J. S. 2005 . Pre-pregnancy and pregnancy-related factors and the risk of excessive or inadequate gestational weight gain. . Int J Gynaecol Obstet , 91 ( 2 ) : 125 – 131 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buekens , P. , Masuy-Stroobant , G. and Delvaux , T. 1998 . High birthweights among infants of north African immigrants in Belgium. . Am J Public Health , 88 ( 5 ) : 808 – 811 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cogswell , M. E. , Perry , G. S. , Schieve , L. A. and Dietz , W. H. 2001 . Obesity in women of childbearing age: Risks, prevention, and treatment. . Prim Care Update Ob Gyns , 8 ( 3 ) : 89 – 105 .
   Google Scholar
• Columbia University . 2001 . The Columbia Encyclopedia. http://www.bartleby.com/65/
   Google Scholar
• Dejin-Karlsson , E. and Ostergren , P. O. 2004 . Country of origin, social support and the risk of small for gestational age birth. . Scand J Public Health , 32 ( 6 ) : 442 – 449 .
   Google Scholar
• Diani , F. , Zanconato , G. , Foschi , F. , Turinetto , A. and Franchi , M. 2003 . Management of the pregnant immigrant woman in the decade 1992–2001. . J Obstet Gynaecol , 23 ( 6 ) : 615 – 617 .
   Google Scholar
• Dietz , P. M. , Callaghan , W. M. , Morrow , B. and Cogswell , M. E. 2005 . Population-based assessment of the risk of primary cesarean delivery due to excess pre-pregnancy weight among nulliparous women delivering term infants. . Matern Child Health J , 9 ( 3 ) : 237 – 244 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eaton , P. M. , Wharton , P. A. and Wharton , B. A. 1984 . Nutrient intake of pregnant Asian women at Sorrento Maternity Hospital, Birmingham. . Br J Nutr , 52 ( 3 ) : 457 – 468 .
   Google Scholar
• Eichholzer , M. and Camenzind , E. 2003 . Overweight, obesity and underweight in Switzerland: Results of the 2000 Nutri-Trend Study. . Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax , 92 ( 18 ) : 847 – 858 .
   Google Scholar
• Festini , F. , Reali , M. F. , Taccetti , G. , Repetto , T. and de Martino , M. 2004 . Birth weight of Chinese babies born in Italy. . Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed , 89 ( 2 ) : F187
   Google Scholar
• Forsum , E. , Bostrom , K. , Eriksson , B. and Olin-Skoglund , S. 2003 . Awoman's weight before and during pregnancy is of importance to her infant. USA guidelines would benefit public health in Sweden. . Lakartidningen , 100 ( 48 ) : 3954 – 3958 .
   Google Scholar
• Green , J. M. and Baston , H. A. 2003 . Feeling in control during labor: Concepts, correlates, and consequences. . Birth , 30 ( 4 ) : 235 – 247 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guendelman , S. , Buekens , P. , Blondel , B. , Kaminski , M. , Notzon , F. C. and Masuy-Stroobant , G. 1999 . Birth outcomes of immigrant women in the United States, France, and Belgium. . Matern Child Health J , 3 ( 4 ) : 177 – 187 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Harris , H. E. and Ellison , G. T. 1998 . Practical approaches for estimating prepregnant body weight. . J Nurse Midwifery , 43 ( 2 ) : 97 – 101 .
   Google Scholar
• Heitmann , B. L. 2000 . Ten-year trends in overweight and obesity among Danish men and women aged 30–60 years. . Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord , 24 ( 10 ) : 1347 – 1352 .
   Google Scholar
• Holvik , K. , Meyer , H. E. , Haug , E. and Brunvand , L. 2005 . Prevalence and predictors of vitamin D deficiency in five immigrant groups living in Oslo, Norway: The Oslo Immigrant Health Study. . Eur J Clin Nutr , 59 ( 1 ) : 57 – 63 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ibison , J. M. 2005 . Ethnicity and mode of delivery in “low-risk” first-time mothers, East London, 1988–1997. . Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol , 118 ( 2 ) : 199 – 205 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Institute of Medicine . 1990 . Nutrition during Pregnancy: Part I: Weight gain, Part II: Nutrient Supplements. , Washington, DC : National Academy of Sciences .
   Google Scholar
• Johnson , N. P. , Lewis , J. and Ansell , D. A. 1995 . Does ethnicity influence obstetric intervention? . N Z Med J , 108 ( 1013 ) : 511 – 512 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laczko , F. 2002 . New directions for migration policy in Europe. . Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci , 357 ( 1420 ) : 599 – 608 .
   Google Scholar
• Margetts , B. M. , Mohd Yusof , S. , Al Dallal , Z. and Jackson , A. A. 2002 . Persistence of lower birth weight in second generation South Asian babies born in the United Kingdom. . J Epidemiol Community Health , 56 ( 9 ) : 684 – 687 .
   Google Scholar
• Perucchini , D. , Fischer , U. , Spinas , G. A. , Huch , R. , Huch , A. and Lehmann , R. 1999 . Using fasting plasma glucose concentrations to screen for gestational diabetes mellitus: Prospective population based study. . BMJ , 319 ( 7213 ) : 812 – 815 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Roville-Sausse , F. , Truc , J. B. and Jacob , D. 2001 . Maternal weight gain during pregnancy in various immigrant communities living in France. . Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique , 49 ( 5 ) : 439 – 447 .
   Google Scholar
• Siega-Riz , A. M. and Laraia , B. 2006 . The implications of maternal overweight and obesity on the course of pregnancy and birth outcomes. . Matern Child Health J , 10 ( Suppl. 7 ) : 153 – 156 .
   Google Scholar
• Vahratian , A. , Buekens , P. , Delvaux , T. , Boutsen , M. , Wang , Y. and Kupper , L. L. 2004 . Birthweight differences among infants of North African immigrants and Belgians in Belgium. . Eur J Public Health , 14 ( 4 ) : 381 – 383 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vangen , S. , Stoltenberg , C. , Skrondal , A. , Magnus , P. and Stray-Pedersen , B. 2000 . Cesarean section among immigrants in Norway. . Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand , 79 ( 7 ) : 553 – 558 .
   Google Scholar
• Vangen , S. , Stoltenberg , C. , Skjaerven , R. , Magnus , P. , Harris , J. R. and Stray-Pedersen , B. 2002 . The heavier the better? Birthweight and perinatal mortality in different ethnic groups. . Int J Epidemiol , 31 ( 3 ) : 654 – 660 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wandell , P. E. , Ponzer , S. , Johansson , S. E. , Sundquist , K. and Sundquist , J. 2004 . Country of birth and body mass index: A national study of 2,000 immigrants in Sweden. . Eur J Epidemiol , 19 ( 11 ) : 1005 – 1010 .
   Google Scholar
• Wharton , P. A. , Eaton , P. M. and Wharton , B. A. 1984 . Subethnic variation in the diets of Moslem, Sikh and Hindu pregnant women at Sorrento Maternity Hospital, Birmingham. . Br J Nutr , 52 ( 3 ) : 469 – 476 .
   Google Scholar
• WHO . 1995a . Sri Lanka , Country Profile : WHO .
   Google Scholar
• WHO . 1995b . Maternal anthropometry and pregnancy outcomes. A WHO Collaborative Study. . Bull World Health Organ , 73 ( Suppl. ) : 1 – 98 .
   Google Scholar
• Wingate , M. S. and Alexander , G. R. 2006 . The healthy migrant theory: Variations in pregnancy outcomes among US-born migrants. . Soc Sci Med , 62 ( 2 ) : 491 – 498 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woollett , A. , Dosanjh , N. , Nicolson , P. , Marshall , H. , Djhanbakhch , O. and Hadlow , J. 1995 . The ideas and experiences of pregnancy and childbirth of Asian and non-Asian women in east London. . Br J Med Psychol , 68 ( Pt 1 ) : 65 – 84 .
   Google Scholar
• Yoong , W. , Wagley , A. , Fong , C. , Chukwuma , C. and Nauta , M. 2004 . Obstetric performance of ethnic Kosovo Albanian asylum seekers in London: A case-control study. . J Obstet Gynaecol , 24 ( 5 ) : 510 – 512 .
   Google Scholar