Access to Narcotic Addiction Treatment and Medical Care

References

• Gerstein , D R and Harwood , H J . 1990 . Treating drug problems , Washington, DC : National Academy Press .
   Google Scholar
• Institute of Medicine . 1995 . Federal regulation of methadone treatment , Washington, DC : National Academy of Medicine .
   Google Scholar
• New York Academy of Medicine . 1997 . Addiction treatment: Promoting a medical approach to substance use , New York : New York Academy of Medicine .
   Google Scholar
• Lundberg , G. 1997 . New winds blowing for American drug policies . JAMA , 278 ( 11 ) : 946 – 7 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parrino , M W . 1992 . State methadone maintenance treatment guidelines , Rockville, MD : US Department of Health and Human Services .
   Google Scholar
• Dole , V P . 1996 . On federal regulation of methadone treatment . Connecticut Medicine , 60 ( 7 ) : 428 – 9 .
   Google Scholar
• Courtwright , D. 1982 . Dark paradise: Opiate addiction in America before 1940 , Cambridge, Massachusetts : Harvard University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Musto , D F . 1973 . The American disease: The origins of narcotic control , New Haven : Yale University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Molinari , S P , Cooper , J R and Czechowicz , D J . 1994 . Federal regulation of clinical practice in narcotic addiction treatment: Purpose, status, and alternatives . The Journal of Law, Medicine, and Ethics , 22 ( 3 ) : 231 – 9 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Connecticut State Senate . 1997 . Bill #1259
   Google Scholar
• Eissenberg , T , Bigelow , G , Strain , E , Walsh , S , Brooner , R , Stitzer , M and Johnson , R. 1997 . Dose-related efficacy of levomethadyl acetate for treatment of opioid dependence . JAMA , 277 ( 24 ) : 1945 – 51 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jaffors , J. 1997 . Personal communication: Methadone Licensing Branch; California Department of Alcohol and Drug Problems
   Google Scholar
• Cooper , J R . 1995 . Including narcotic addiction treatment in an office-based practice . JAMA , 273 ( 20 ) : 1619 – 20 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Senay , E and Lewis , D C . 1997 . “ The history and current status of drug substitution therapy for narcotic addiction in the United States ” . In The medical prescription of narcotics , Edited by: Lewis , D , Gear , C , Loud , M L and Lange-nick-Cartwright , D . Seattle : Hogrefe & Huber Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• MacGowan , R J , Swanson , N M , Brackbill , R M , Rugg , D L , Barker , T and Molde , S. 1996 . Retention in methadone maintenance treatment programs, Connecticut and Massachusetts, 1990–1993 . J Psychoactive Drugs , 28 ( 3 ) : 259 – 65 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Selwyn , P , Hartel , D , Wasserman , W and Drucker , E. 1989 . Impact of the AIDS epidemic on the morbidity and mortality among intravenous drug users in a New York City methadone maintenance program . Am J Public Health , 79 : 1358 – 63 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herman , M and Gourevitch , M N . 1997 . Integrating primary care and methadone maintenance treatment: Implementation issues . J Addict Dis , 16 ( 1 ) : 91 – 102 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samet , J H , Stein , M D and O'Connor , P G . 1995 . Models of medical care for HIV-infected drug users . Substance Abuse , 16 ( 3 ) : 131 – 9 .
   Google Scholar
• Acker , C J . 1995 . “ From all purpose anodyne to marker of deviance: Physicians' attitudes towards opiates in the US from 1890 to 1940 ” . In Drugs and Narcotics in History , Edited by: Porter , R and Teich , M . New York : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Committee on the Narcotic Drug Situation . 1920 . Addendum: Report of the committee on the narcotic drug situation in the United States . JAMA , 74 : 1324 – 8 .
   Google Scholar
• Rosenbaum , M , Murphy , S and Beck , J. 1987 . Money for methadone: Preliminary findings from a study of Alameda county's new maintenance policy . J Psychoactive Drugs , 19 ( 1 ) : 13 – 9 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spunt , B , Hunt , D , Lipton , D S and Goldsmith , D S . 1986 . Methadone diversion: A new look . Journal of Drug Issues , 18 ( 4 ) : 569 – 83 .
   Google Scholar
• Drug Enforcement Administration . 1995 . Methadone diversion: 1995 , Washington, D.C. : U.S. Department of Justice .
   Google Scholar
• Fulco , C E , Liverman , C T and Earley , L E . 1995 . Development of medications for the treatment of opiate and cocaine addictions: Issues for the government and private sector , Washington, DC : National Academy Press .
   Google Scholar
• Haislip , G R . 1996 . Methadone revisited . Issues Sci Technol , 12 ( 4 ) : 16 – 7 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haislip , G R . 1995 . Methadone maintenance in the 1990′s: A report by the Drug Enforcement Administration, Office of Diversion Control , Washington, D.C. : U.S. Department of Justice .
   Google Scholar
• Nadelmann , E , McNeely , J and Drucker , E. 1997 . “ International perspectives ” . In Substance abuse: A comprehensive textbook , Edited by: Lowinson , J , Ruiz , P , Millman , R and Langrod , J . 22 – 39 . Philadelphia : Williams & Wilkins .
   Google Scholar
• Fleming , P M . 1997 . Primary care prescribing for opiate users: A flawed policy? . Newsletter Euro-Methwork , 10 : 11 – 2 .
   Google Scholar
• Jepsen , J. 1996 . Danish methadone policy under change? . Newsletter Euro-Meth-work , 9 : 3 – 4 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Brewer , C. 1995 . Recent developments in maintenance prescribing and monitoring in the United Kingdom . Bull NY Acad Med , 72 ( 2 ) : 359 – 70 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Brussel , G V . 1995 . Methadone treatment by general practitioners in Amsterdam . Bull NY Acad Med , 72 ( 2 ) : 348 – 58 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Byrne , A and Wodak , A. 1996 . Census of patients receiving methadone treatment in a general practice . Addiction Research , 3 ( 4 ) : 341 – 9 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caplehorn , J RM and Batey , R G . 1992 . Methadone maintenance in Australia . Journal of Drug Issues , 22 ( 3 ) : 661 – 79 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farrell , M , Neeleman , J , Gossop , M , Griffiths , P , Buning , E , Finch , E and Strang , J. 1995 . Methadone provision in the European Union . The International Journal of Drug Policy , 6 ( 3 ) : 168 – 72 .
   Google Scholar
• Farrell , M , Neeleman , J , Gossop , M , Griffiths , P , Buning , E , Finch , E and Strang , J. 1996 . A review of the legislation, regulation and delivery of methadone in 12 member states in the European Union , Brussels : The European Commission .
   Google Scholar
• Fleming , P M . 1995 . Prescribing policy in the UK: A swing away from harm reduction? . The International Journal of Drug Policy , 6 ( 3 ) : 173 – 7 .
   Google Scholar
• Gossop , M and Grant , M. 1990 . The content and structure of methadone treatment programmes: A study in six countries , New York : World Health Organization, Programme on Substance Abuse .
   Google Scholar
• Klingemann , H K . 1996 . Drug treatment in Switzerland: Harm reduction, decentralization and community response . Addiction , 91 ( 5 ) : 723 – 36 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis , D , Gear , C , Loud , M L and Langenick-Cartwright , D . 1997 . The medical prescription of narcotics , Toronto : Hogrefe & Huber Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Newman , R G . 1995 . Another wall that crumbled: Methadone maintenance treatment in Germany . Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse , 21 ( 1 ) : 27 – 35 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rehm , J and Fischer , B. 1997 . “ Preface from the Canadian editors ” . In Swiss methadone report , Edited by: Uchtenhagen , A . ii – iii . Zurich : Swiss Narcotic Substances Commission .
   Google Scholar
• Greenwood , J. 1990 . Creating a new drug service in Edinburgh . Br Med J , 300 : 587 – 9 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenwood , J. 1992 . Persuading general practitioners to prescribe: Good husbandry or a recipe for chaos? . Br J Addict , 87 ( 4 ) : 567 – 75 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Greenwood , J. 1996 . Six years experience of sharing the care of Edinburgh's drug users . Psychiatric Bulletin , 20 : 8 – 11 .
   Google Scholar
• Morrison , C . 1995 . Obstetric liaison in drug dependency . Addiction Research , 3 ( 2 ) : 93 – 101 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berridge , V. 1992 . “ Harm minimization and public health: An historical perspective ” . In Psychoactive drugs and harm reduction: From faith to science , Edited by: Heather , N , Wodak , A , Nadelmann , E A and O'Hare , P . 55 – 64 . London : Whurr Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Degwitz , Chorzelski Krausz . 1993 . “ Five years of methadone prescription in Germany ” . In AIDS and drug addiction in the European Community , Edited by: Reisinger , M . Brussels : European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction .
   Google Scholar
• College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario, Addiction Research Foundation, & Ontario College of Pharmacists . 1996 . Methadone maintenance guidelines , Ontario : College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario .
   Google Scholar
• Fischer , B. 1998 . Prescriptions, power, and politics: The turbulent history of metha-done maintenence in Canada (unpublished manuscript)
   Google Scholar
• Yancovitz , S R , Des Jarlais , D C , Peyser , N P and Drew , E. 1991 . A randomized trial of an interim methadone maintenance clinic . Am J Public Health , 8 ( 9 ) : 1185 – 91 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Novick , D M and Joseph , H. 1991 . Medical maintenance: The treatment of chronic opiate dependence in general medical practice . J Substance Abuse Treat , 8 : 233 – 9 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Novick , D M , Joseph , H , Salsitz , E A , Kalin , M F , Keefe , J B , Miller , E L and Richman , B L . 1994 . Outcomes of treatment of socially rehabilitated methadone maintenance patients in physicians' offices (medical maintenance): Follow-up at three and a half to nine and a fourth years . J Gen Intern Med , 9 : 127 – 30 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joseph , H. 1997 . Personal communication
   Google Scholar
• Senay , E C , Barthwell , A G , Marks , R , Bokos , P , Gillman , D and White , R. 1993 . Medical maintenance: A pilot study . J Addict Dis , 12 ( 4 ) : 59 – 76 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Senay , E C , Barthwell , A , Marks , R and Bokos , P J . 1994 . Medical maintenance: An interim report . J Addict Dis , 13 ( 3 ) : 65 – 9 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayes , M. 1997 . Personal communication
   Google Scholar
• Jarvis , M and Schnoll , S. 1994 . Methadone treatment during pregnancy . J Psychoactive Drugs , 26 ( 2 ) : 155 – 61 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drucker , E. 1997 . Personal communication
   Google Scholar
• Amass , L , Bickel , W K , Higgins , S T and Badger , G J . 1994 . Alternate-day dosing during buprenorphine treatment of opioid dependence . Life Sci , 54 ( 17 ) : 1215 – 28 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bickel , W K and Amass , L. 1995 . Buprenorphine treatment of opioid dependence: a review . Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology , 3 ( 4 ) : 477 – 89 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Compton , P A , Wesson , D R , Charuvastra , V C and Ling , W. 1996 . Buprenorphine as a phar-macotherapy for opiate addiction . Am J Addict , 5 : 220 – 30 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson , R E , Jaffee , J H and Fudala , P J . 1992 . A controlled trial of buprenorphine treatment for opioid dependence . JAMA , 267 : 2750 – 5 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kosten , T R , Morgan , C and Kleber , H D . 1991 . Treatment of heroin addicts using bupre-norphine . Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse , 17 : 119 – 28 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ling , W , Rawson , R A and Compton , M A . 1994 . Substitution pharmacotherapies for op-ioid addiction: From methadone to LAAM and buprenorphine . J Psychoactive Drugs , 26 : 119 – 28 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Segal , D L and Schuster , C R . 1995 . “ Buprenorphine: What interests the National Institute on Drug Abuse? ” . In Buprenorphine: Combating drug abuse with a unique opioid , 309 – 20 . New York : John Wiley & Sons .
   Google Scholar
• O'Connor , P G , Oliveto , A H , Shi , J M , Triffleman , E , Carroll , K M , Kosten , T R and Rounsaville , B J . 1996 . A pilot study of primary-care-based buprenorphine maintenance for heroin dependence . Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse , 22 ( 4 ) : 523 – 31 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Resnick , R. 1997 . Personal communication
   Google Scholar
• Goldstein , A. 1976 . New approaches to the treatment of heroin addiction: STEPS (sequential treatment employing pharmacological supports) . Arch Gen Psychiatry , 33 : 353 – 8 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uchtenhagen , A. 1997 . Programme for a medical prescription of narcotics: Final report of the research representatives: Summary of the synthesis report , Berne, , Switzerland : Swiss Federal Office of Public Health .
   Google Scholar
• Uchtenhagen , A , Gutzwiller , F , Dobler-Mikola , A and Blattler , R. 1996 . Program for a medical prescription of narcotics: Interim report of the research representatives , Zurich : Swiss Office of Public Health .
   Google Scholar
• Stimmel , B. 1995 . “ Appropriate training in alcohol and substance abuse for primary care physicians: Defining the problem ” . In Training about alcohol and substance abuse for all primary care physicians , Edited by: Sirica , C . 249 – 74 . New York : Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation .
   Google Scholar
• Sirica , C . 1995 . Training about alcohol and substance abuse for all primary care physicians , New York : Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation .
   Google Scholar
• Byrne , A. 1995 . Methadone in the treatment of narcotic addiction , Redfern, , Australia : Tosca Press .
   Google Scholar
• Preston , A. 1996 . The methadone briefing , London : Andrew Preston .
   Google Scholar
• Bell , J , Chan , J and Kuk , A. 1995 . Investigating the influence of treatment philosophy on outcome of methadone maintenance . Addiction , 90 ( 6 ) : 823 – 31 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D'Aunno , T. 1992 . Variations in methadone treatment practices: Results from a national study . JAMA , 267 : 253 – 8 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis , D. 1992 . Political pharmacology: Thinking about drugs . Daedalus , 121 ( 3 ) : 165 – 94 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenbaum , M , Washburn , A , Knight , K , Kelley , M and Irwin , J. 1996 . Treatment as harm reduction, defunding as harm maximization: The case of methadone maintenance . J Psychoactive Drugs , 28 ( 3 ) : 241 – 9 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mathias , R. NIH Panel calls for expanded methadone treatment for heroin addiction NIDA Notes. 1997; November/December: 6
   Google Scholar
• NIH Consensus Statement Online . November 17–19 1997 . November 17–19 , web address=http://consensus.nih.gov(cited 1998, Feb. 19); 15 (6); in press
   Google Scholar
• Executive Office of the President of the United States/Office of National Drug Control Policy, press release . November 20 1997 . November 20 ,
   Google Scholar
• American Methadone Treatment Association . 1997 . Expanding access to care . American Methadone Treatment Association News Report , 7
   Google Scholar