Addressing Risk Factors of Cognitive Impairment in Adults Aging with HIV

References

• Alisky , J. M. 2005 . Could cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine alleviate HIV dementia . Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes , 38 ( 1 ) : 113 – 114 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anstey , K. J. and Low , L. F. 2004 . Normal cognitive changes in aging . Australian Family Physician , 55 ( 10 ) : 783 – 787 .
   Google Scholar
• Aylward , E. H. , Henderer , J. D. , McArthur , J. C. , Brettschneider , P. D. , Harris , G. J. , Barta , P. E. and Pearlson , G. D. 1993 . Reduced basal ganglia volume in HTV-1 associated dementia: Results from quantitative neuroimaging . Neurology , 42 : 2099 – 2104 .
   Google Scholar
• Ball , K. , Berch , D. B. , Helmers , K. F. , Jobe , J. B. , Leveck , M. D. , Marsiske , M. , Morris , J. N. , Rebok , G. W. , Smith , D. M. , Tennstedt , S. L. , Unverzagt , F. W. , Willis , S. L. and for the ACTIVE Study Group . 2002 . Effect of cognitive training interventions with older adults: A randomized controlled trial . Journal of the American Medical Association , 288 : 2271 – 2281 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ball , K. K. , Vance , D. E. , Edwards , J. E. and Wadley , V. W. 2004 . “ The aging brain ” . In Principles and practice of behavioral neurology and neuropsychology , Edited by: Rizzo , M. and Eslinger , P. J. 795 – 809 . Philadelphia : Saunders .
   Google Scholar
• Ball , K. K. , Wadley , V. G. , Vance , D. E. and Edwards , J. D. 2004 . Cognitive skills: Training, maintenance, and daily usage . Encyclopedia of Applied Psychology , 1 : 387 – 392 .
   Google Scholar
• Baltes , P. B. and Willis , S. L. 1982 . “ Plasticity and enhancement of intellectual functioning in old age: Penn State's Adult Development and Enrichment Project (ADEPT) ” . In Aging and cognitive processes , Edited by: Craik , F. L.M. and Trehub , S. E. 353 – 389 . New York : Plenum .
   Google Scholar
• Bassuk , S. S. , Berkman , L. F. and Wypij , D. 1998 . Depressive symptomatology and incident cognitive decline in an elderly community sample . Archives of General Psychiatry , 55 ( 12 ) : 1073 – 1081 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Becker , J. T. , Lopez , O. L. , Dew , M. A. and Aizenstein , H. J. 2004 . Prevalence of cognitive disorders differs as a function of age in HIV virus infection . AIDS , 18 : S11 – S18 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Black , J. E. , Isaacs , K. R. , Anderson , B. J. , Alcantara , A. A. and Greenough , W. T. 1990 . Learning causes of synaptogenesis, whereas motor activity causes angiogenesis in cerebellar cortex of adult rats . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of American , 87 : 5568 – 5572 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bond , G. E. , Burr , R. , Rice , M. M. , McCurry , S. M. , Graves , A. B. , Teri , L. , Bowen , J. D. , McCormick , W. C. and Larson , E. B. 2003 . Alcohol, aging, and cognitive performance: A cross-cultural comparision . Journal of Aging & Health , 75 ( 2 ) : 371 – 390 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carter , S. L. , Rourke , S. B. , Murji , S. , Shore , D. and Rourke , B. P. 2003 . Cognitive complaints, depression, medical symptoms, and their association with neuropsychological functioning in HIV infection: A structural equation model analysis . Neuropsychology , 77 ( 3 ) : 410 – 419 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . 1998 . AIDS among person aged > or = 50 years -United States, 1991–1996 . Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report , 47 ( 2 ) : 21 – 27 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cherner , M. , Ellis , R. J. , Lazzaretto , D. , Young , C. , Mindt , R. M. , Atkinson , J. H. , Grant , I. , Heaton , R. K. and HNRC Group . 2004 . Effects of HIV-1 infection and aging on neurobehavioral functioning: Preliminary findings . AIDS , 18 : S27 – S34 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Christensson , B. , Ljungberg , B. , Ryding , E. , Svenson , G. and Rosen , I. 1999 . SPECT with 99mTc-HMPAO in subjects with HIV infections: Cognitive dysfunction correlates with high uptake . Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Disease , 31 : 349 – 354 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Comijs , H. C. , Jonker , C. , Beekman , A. T. and Deeg , D. J. 2001 . The association between depressive symptoms and cognitive decline . International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry , 76 ( 4 ) : 361 – 367 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diamond , M. 1993 . An optimistic view of the aging brain . Generations , 17 : 31 – 33 .
   Google Scholar
• Diamond , M. C. , Johnson , R. E. , Protti , A. M. , Ott , C. and Kajisa , L. 1985 . Plasticity in the 904-day-old-rat . Experimental Neurology , 87 : 309 – 317 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DiClementi , J. D. , Ross , M. K. , Mallo , C. and Johnson , S. C. 2004 . Predictors of successful return to work from HIV-related disability . Journal of HIV/AIDS & Social Services , 3 ( 3 ) : 89 – 96 .
   Google Scholar
• Edwards , J. D. , Wadley , V. G. , Vance , D. E. , Wood , K. , Roenker , D. L. and Ball , K. K. 2005 . The impact of speed of processing training on cognitive and everyday performance . Aging and Mental Health , 9 ( 3 ) : 262 – 271 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Emery , C. F. , Schein , R. L. , Hauck , E. R. and Maclntyre , N. R. 1998 . Psychological and cognitive outcomes of a randomized trial of exercise among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease . Health Psychology , 17 : 232 – 240 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferrando , S. J. , Rabkin , J. G. , van Gorp , W. , Lin , S. and McElhiney , M. 2003 . Longitudinal improvement in psychomotor processing speed is associated with potent combination antiretro viral therapy in HIV-1 infection . Journal of Neuro psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience , 75 ( 2 ) : 208 – 214 .
   Google Scholar
• Fillit , H. M. , Butler , R. N. , O'Connell , A. W. , Albert , M. S. , Birren , J. E. , Cotman , C. W. , Greenough , W. T. , Gold , P. E. , Kramer , A. F. , Kuller , L. H. , Perls , T. T. , Sahagan , B. G. and Tully , T. 2002 . Achieving and maintaining cognitive vitality with aging . Mayo Clinic Proceedings , 77 ( 7 ) : 681 – 696 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Folstein , M. F. , Folstein , S. E. and McHugh , P. R. 1975 . Mini-Mental state: A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician . Journal of Psychiatry Research , 72 ( 3 ) : 189 – 198 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fuchs , E. , Czeh , B. , Kole , M. H. , Michaelis , T. and Lucassen , P. J. 2004 . Alterations of neuroplasticity in depression: The hippocampus and beyond . European Neuropsychopharmacology , 14 : S490 – S481 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gonzalez-Gross , M. , Marcos , A. and Pietrzik , K. 2001 . Nutrition and cognitive impairment in the elderly . British Journal of Nutrition , 86 ( 3 ) : 313 – 321 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gottesman , N. 2005 . HIV over 50 . AARP: The Magazine , 48 ( AC ) : 58
   Google Scholar
• Grandmaison , E. and Simard , M. 2003 . A critical review of memory stimulation program in Alzheimer's disease . Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience , 75 ( 2 ) : 130 – 144 .
   Google Scholar
• Grant , M. D. and Brody , J. A. 2004 . Musical experience and dementia . Aging-Clinical & Experimental Research , 16 ( 5 ) : 403 – 405 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green , J. E. , Saveanu , R. V. and Bornstein , R. A. 2004 . The effect of previous alcohol abuse on cognitive function in HIV infection . American Journal of Psychiatry , 161 ( 2 ) : 249 – 254 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Groves , P. M. and Rebec , G. V. 1992 . Introduction to biological psychology , Dubuque, IA : Brown .
   Google Scholar
• Heaton , R. K. , Marcotte , T. D. , Mindt , M. R. , Sadek , J. , Moore , D. J. , Bentley , H. , McCuthchan , J. A. , Reicks , C. , Grant , L. and The HNRC Group . 2004 . The impact of HlV-associated neuropsychological impairment on everyday functioning . Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , 10 : 317 – 331 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hinkin , C. H. , Hardy , D. J. , Mason , K. L. , Castellon , S. A. , Durvasula , R. S. , Lam , M. N. and Stefaniak , M. 2004 . Medication adherence in HIV-infect adults: Effect of patient age, cognitive status, and substance abuse . AIDS , 18 : S19 – S25 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lones , T. A. , Hawrylak , N. , Klintsova , A. Y. and Greenough , W. T. 1998 . Brain damage, behavioral rehabilitation recovery, and brain plasticity . Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews , 4 : 231 – 237 .
   Google Scholar
• Lustice , A. C. , McGinnis , K. A. , Atkinson , J. H. , Heaton , R. K. , Young , C. , Sadek , J. , Madenwald , T. , Becker , J. T. , Conigliaro , J. , Brown , S. T. , Rimland , D. , Crystal , S. and Simberkoff , M. 2004 . Psychiatric and neurocognitive disorders among HIV-positive and negative veterans in care: Veterans Aging Cohort Five-site Study . AIDS , 18 : S49 – S60 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keller , B. K. , Magnuson , T. M. , Cernin , P. A. , Stoner , J. A. and Potter , J. F. 2003 . The significance of social network in a geriatric assessment population . Aging-Clinical & Experimental Research , 75 ( 6 ) : 512 – 517 .
   Google Scholar
• Khalsa , J. H. , Francis , H. and Mazin , R. 2003 . Bloodborne and sexually transmitted infections in drug abusers in the United States, Latin American, the Caribbean, and Spain . Clinical Infectious Disease , 37 : S331 – S337 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krahn , D. , Freese , J. , Häuser , R. , Barry , K. and Goodman , B. 2003 . Alcohol use and cognition at mid-life: The importance of adjusting for baseline cognitive ability and educational attainment . Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research , 27 ( 7 ) : 1162 – 1166 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kramer , A. F. , Hahn , S. and McAuley , E. 2000 . Influence of aerobic fitness on the neurocognitive function of older adults . Journal of Aging and Physical Activity , 8 : 379 – 385 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LaRue , A. , Swan , G. E. and Carmelli , D. 1995 . Cognition and depression in a cohort of aging men: Results from the Western Collaborative Group Study . Psychology and Aging , 10 : 30 – 33 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis , V. and Hoeger , K. 2005 . Prevention of coronary heart disease: A nonhormonal approach . Seminars in Reproductive Medicine , 23 ( 2 ) : 157 – 166 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linsk , N. L. 2000 . HIV among old adults: Age-specific issues in prevention and treatment . AIDS Reader , 70 ( 7 ) : 430 – 411 .
   Google Scholar
• Lochbaum , M. R. , Karoly , P. and Landers , D. M. 2002 . Evidence for the importance of openness to experience on performance of a fluid intelligence task by physically active and inactive participants . Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport , 73 ( A ) : 437 – 444 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu , L. , Bao , G. , Chen , H. , Xia , P. , Fan , X. , Zhang , J. , Pei , G. and Ma , L. 2003 . Modification of hippocampal neurogenesis and neuroplasticity by social environments . Experimental Neurology , 183 ( 2 ) : 600 – 609 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mack , K. A. and Ory , M. G. 2003 . AIDS and older Americans at the end of the Twentieth Century . Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes , 33 : S68 – S75 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mattson , M. P. , Duan , W. , Lee , J. and Guo , Z. 2001 . Suppression of brain aging and neurodegenerative disorders by dietary restriction and environment enrichment: Molecular mechanism . Mechanism of Ageing & Development , 122 ( 1 ) : 757 – 778 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyer , J. S. , Li , Y. , Xu , G. , Thornby , J. , Chowdhury , M. and Quach , M. 2002 . Feasibility of treating mild cognitive impairment with cholinesterase inhibitors . International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry , 17 : 586 – 588 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moos , R. H. , Brennan , P. L. , Schutte , K. K. and Moos , B. S. 2005 . Older adults' health and changes in late-life drinking patterns . Aging & Mental Health , 9 ( 1 ) : 49 – 59 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nath , A. , Anderson , C. , Jones , M. , Maragos , W. , Booze , R. , Mactutus , C. , Bell , J. , Häuser , K. F. and Mattson , M. 2000 . Neurotoxicity and dysfunction of dopaminergic systems associated with AIDS dementia . Journal of Psychopharmacology , 14 : 222 – 227 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neeper , S. , Gomez-Pinilla , F. , Choi , J. and Cottman , C. 1995 . Exercise and brain neurotrophins . Nature , 373 : 109
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neundorfer , M. M. , Camp , C. J. , Skrajner , M. J. , Malone , M. L. and Carr , J. R. 2004 . Compensating for cognitive deficits in persons aged 50 and over with HIV/AIDS : A pilot study of a cognitive intervention . Journal of HIV/AIDS & Social Services , 3 ( 1 ) : 79 – 97 .
   Google Scholar
• Noice , H. , Noice , T. and Staines , G. 2004 . A short-term intervention to enhance cognitive and affective functioning in older adults . Journal of Aging and Health , 16 ( A ) : 562 – 585 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nygard , L. 2003 . Instrumental activities of daily living: A stepping-stone towards Alzheimer's disease diagnosis in subjects with mild cognitive impairment . Ada Neurologica Scandinavica , 179 : 42 – 46 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palella , F. J. , Delaney , K. M. , Moorman , A. C. , Loveless , M. O. , Fuhrer , J. , Satten , G. , Aschman , D. J. , Holmberg , S. D. and the HIV Outpatient Study Investigators . 1998 . Declining morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. HIV Outpatient Study Investigators . New England Journal of Medicine , 338 ( 13 ) : 853 – 860 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palmer , M. and Zobel , M. 2004 . The use of timelines in illustrating the permanency planning process for families infected/affected by HIV/AIDS . Journal of HIV/AIDS & Social Services , 3 ( 3 ) : 65 – 88 .
   Google Scholar
• Pfeiffer , E. 1975 . A short portable mental status questionnaire for the assessment of organic brain deficit in elderly patients . Journal of the American Geriatrics Society , 23 ( 10 ) : 433 – 441 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rabbitt , P. , Donlan , C. , McLnnes , L. , Watson , P. and Bent , N. 1995 . Unique and interactive effects of depression, age, and socioeconomic advantage, and gender on cognitive performance of normal health older people . Psychology and Aging , 10 : 307 – 313 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rabkin , J. G. , McElhiney , M. C. and Ferrando , S. J. 2004 . Mood and substance use disorders in older adults with HIV/AIDS: Methodological issues and preliminary evidence . AIDS , 18 : S43 – S48 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reid , I. C. and Stewart , C. A. 2001 . How antidepressants work: New perspectives on the pathophysiology of depressive disorder . British Journal of Psychiatry , 178 : 299 – 303 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Requejo , A. M. , Ortega , R. M. , Robles , F. , Navia , B. , Faci , M. and Aparicio , A. 2003 . Influence of nutrition on cognitive function in a group of elderly, independently living people . European Journal of Clinical Nutrition , 57 : S54 – S57 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richards , M. , Hardy , R. and Wadsworth , M. E. J. 2003 . Does active leisure protect cognition? Evidence from a national birth cohort . Social Science & Medicine , 56 ( 4 ) : 785 – 792 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rogawski , M. A. 2004 . What is the rationale for new treatment strategies in Alzheimer's disease . CNS Spectrums , 91 ( Suppl 5 ) : 6 – 12 .
   Google Scholar
• Rowe , J. W. and Kahn , R. L. 1997 . Successful aging . The Gerontologist , 37 : 433 – 440 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Royall , D. R. , Palmer , R. , Chiodo , L. K. and Polk , M. J. 2005 . Executive control mediates memory's association with change in instrumental activities of daily living: The Freedom House Study . Journal of the American Geriatric Society , 53 : 11 – 17 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sacktor , N. , Schifitto , G. , McDermott , M. P. , Marder , K. , McArthur , J. C. and Kieburtz , K. 2000 . Transdermal selegiline in HIV-associated cognitive impairment: Pilot, placebo-controlled study . Neurology , 54 ( 1 ) : 233 – 235 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sandeman , R. and Sandeman , D. 2000 . ‘Impoverished’ and ‘enriched’ living conditions influence the proliferation and survival of neurons in crayfish brain . Journal of Neurobiology , 45 ( 4 ) : 215 – 226 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Scarmeas , N. and Stern , Y. 2003 . Cognitive reserve and lifestyle . Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology , 25 ( 5 ) : 625 – 633 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schrimshaw , E. W. and Siegel , K. 2003 . Perceived barriers to social support from family and friends among older adults with HIV/AIDS . Journal of Health Psychology , 8 ( 6 ) : 738 – 752 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Senior , K. 2005 . Growing old with HIV . The Lancet-Infectious Disease , 5 : 739
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Slusher , M. P. , Halman , L. J. , Eshleman , S. and Ostrow , D. Patterns of sexual behavior among younger and older gay men. Presentation at the Gerontological Society of America annual meeting .
   Google Scholar
• Stampfer , M. J. , Kang , J. H. , Chen , J. , Cherry , R. and Grodstein , F. 2005 . Effects of moderate alcohol consumption on cognitive function in women . New England Journal of Medicine , 352 ( 3 ) : 245 – 253 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Starr , J. M. , McGurn , B. , Whiteman , M. , Pattie , A. , Whalley , L. J. and Deary , I. J. 2004 . Life long changes in cognitive ability are associated with prescribed medications in old age . International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry , 19 ( 4 ) : 327 – 332 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stern , R. 1994 . Neuropsychiatrie aspects of HIV, with a note on psychoimmunology . Advances: Journal of the Institute for the Advancement of Health , 10 ( 4 ) : 28 – 31 .
   Google Scholar
• Stoff , D. M. 2004 . Mental health research in HrWAIDS and aging: Problems and prospects . AIDS , 18 : S3 – S10 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tabert , M. H. , Albert , S. M. , Borukhova-Milov , L. , Camacho , Y. , Pelton , G. , Liu , Z. , Stern , Y. and Devanand , D. P. 2002 . Functional deficits in patients with mild cognitive impairment . Neurology , 58 : 758 – 764 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tashima , K. T. and Carpenter , C. C. 2003 . Fusion inhibitors-a major but costly step forward in the treatment of HIV-1 . New England Journal of Medicine , 348 ( 22 ) : 2249 – 2250 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valcour , V. G. and Sacktor , N. 2004 . “ HIV-associated dementia and aging ” . In HIV/AIDS and older adults: Challenges for individuals, families, and communities , Edited by: Emlet , C. A. 55 – 72 . New York : Springer .
   Google Scholar
• Vance , D. E. Self-rated emotional health in adults with and without HIV (under review) . Psychological Reports , (under review)
   Google Scholar
• Vance , D. E. 2004 . Cortical and subcortical dynamics of aging with HIV infection . Perceptual and Motor Skills , 98 : 647 – 655 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vance , D. E. and Burrage , J. W. Jr. in press . Cognitive complaints in adults aging with HIV: A pilot study . Physical & Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics , a
   Google Scholar
• Vance , D. E. and Burrage , J. W. Jr. in press . Promoting successful cognitive aging in adults with HIV . Journal of Gerontological Nursing , b
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vance , D. E. , Okonkwo , O. , Antia , L. , Smith , B. A. , Blashand , S. , Heirs , K. and Bodner , E. Predictors of cognitive complaints in adults with HIV: A structural equation model analysis . AIDS , (under review)
   Google Scholar
• Vance , D. E. and Porter , R. J. Jr. 2000 . Montessori methods yield cognitive gains in Alzheimer's day cares . Activities, Adaptation & Aging , 24 ( 3 ) : 1 – 22 .
   Google Scholar
• Vance , D. E. and Robinson , P. F. 2004 . Reconciling successful aging with HIV: A biopsychosocial overview . Journal of HIV/AIDS & Social Services , 3 ( 1 ) : 59 – 78 .
   Google Scholar
• Vance , D. E. , Wadley , V. G. , Ball , K. K. , Roenker , D. L. and Rizzo , M. 2005 . Physical activity and sedentary behavior on cognitive health in older adults . Journal of Physical Activity in the Elderly , 13 : 294 – 313 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verdejo , A. , Orozco-Gimenez , C. , Sanchez-Jofre , Meersmans M. , de Aguilar , F. Arcos and Perez-Gracia , M. 2004 . The impact exerted by the severity of recreational drug abuse on the different components of the executive function . Revista de Neurologia , 38 ( 12 ) : 1109 – 1116 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wadley , V. G. , Benz , R. L. , Ball , K. K. , Roenker , D. L. , Edwards , J. D. and Vance , D. E. Development and evaluation of home-based speed of processing training for older adults . Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , (under review)
   Google Scholar
• Wallace , M. R. , Heaton , R. K. , McCutchan , J. A. , Malone , J. L. , Velin , R. , Nelson , J. , Miller , L. K. , Weiss , P. J. , Oldfield , E. C. and Grant , I. 1997 . Neurocognitive impairment in human immunodeficiency virus infection is correlated with sexually transmitted disease history . Sexually Transmitted Diseases , 24 ( 1 ) : 398 – 401 . 3rd
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weber , R. , Christen , L. , Christen , S. , Tschopp , S. , Znoj , H. , Schneider , C. , Schmitt , J. , Opravil , M. , Gunthard , H. F. , Ledergerber , B. and Swiss HIV Cohort Study . 2004 . Effect of individual cognitive behaviour intervention on adherence to antiretroviral therapy: Prospective randomized trial . Antiviral Therapy , 9 ( 1 ) : 85 – 95 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams , K. C. and Hickey , W. F. 2002 . Central nervous system damage, monocytes and macrophages, and neurological disorders in AIDS . Annual Review of euroscience , 25 : 537 – 562 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson , R. S. and Bennett , D. A. 2003 . Cognitive activity and risk of Alzheimer's disease . Current Directions in Psychological Science , 72 ( 30 ) : 87 – 91 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson , R. S. , Bennett , D. A. , Bienias , J. L. , Aggarwal , N. T. , de Mendes , C. Leon F. , Morris , M. C. , Schneider , J. A. and Evans , D. A. 2002 . Cognitive activity and incident AD in population-based sample of older persons . Neurology , 59 : 1910 – 1914 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar