26
Views
3
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

Suffering and the Dying Patient

(Professor and Director) & (Assistant Professor)
Pages 67-90 | Published online: 17 Feb 2010

REFERENCES

  • Benedict S. The suffering associated with lung cancer. Cancer Nurs 1989; 12: 34–40
  • Portenoy R K. Pain and quality of life: clinical issues and implications for research. Oncology 1990; 4: 172–178
  • Fishman B. The treatment of suffering in patients with cancer pain. Advances in Pain Research and Therapy, K M Foley, J J Bonica, V Ventafridda. Raven Press, New York 1990; 16
  • Cassell E J. The importance of understanding suffering for clinical ethics [see comments]. J Clin Ethics 1991; 2: 81–82
  • Cherny N I, Coyle N, Foley K M. Suffering in the advanced cancer patient: a definition and taxonomy. J Pallial Care 1994; 10(2)57–70
  • Chapman C R, Gavrin J G. Suffering and its relationship to pain. J Palliat Care 1993; 9: 5–13
  • The pain system: the neurobasis of nociceptive transmission in the mammalian nervous system, W D Willis, Jr. Karger, New York 1985
  • Woolf C J. Evidence for a central component of post-injury pain hypersensitivity. Nature 1983; 306: 686–688
  • Woolf C J. Generation of acute pain: central mechanisms. Br Med Bull 1991; 47: 523–33
  • Villanueva L, Bing Z, Bouhassira D, Le Bars D. Encoding of electrical, thermal, and mechanical noxious stimuli by subnucleus reticularis dorsalis neurons in the rat medulla. J Neurophysiol 1989; 61: 391–402
  • Fields H L. Pain. McGraw-Hill, New York 1987
  • Fillenz M. Noradrenergic Neurons. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1990
  • Svensson T H. Peripheral, autonomic regulation of locus coeruleus noradrenergic neurons in brain: putative implications for psychiatry and psychopharmacology. Psychopharmacotogy 1987; 92: 1–7
  • Foote S L, Bloom F E, Aston-Jones G. Nucleus local coeruleus: new evidence of anatomical and physiological specificity. Physiology Review 1983; 63: 844–914
  • Redmond D E, Jr., Huang Y G. Current concepts. II. New evidence for a locus coeruleus-norepinephrine connection with anxiety. Life Sci 1979; 25: 2149–2162
  • Redmond D E, Jr. Alteration in the functions of the nucleus locus coeruleus: a possible model for studies of anxiety. Animal Models in Psychiatry and Neurology, I Hannin, E Usdin. Pergamon Press, New York 1977
  • Elam M, Svensson T H, Thoren P. Differentiated cardiovascular afferent regulation of locus coeruleus neurons and sympathetic nerves. Brain Res 1985; 358: 77–84
  • McNaughton N, Mason S T. The neuropsychology and neuropharmacology of the dorsal ascending noradrenergic bundle-a review. Prog Neurobiol 1980; 14: 157–219
  • Sumal K K, Blessing W W, Joh T H, Reis D J, Pickel V M. Synaptic interaction of vagal afference and catecholaminergic neurons in the rat nucleus tractus solitarius. J Brain Res 1983; 277: 31–40
  • Sawchenko P E, Swanson L W. The organization of noradrenergic pathways from the brain stem to the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei in the rat. Brain Res Rev 1982; 4: 275
  • Lopez J F, Young B A, Herman J P, Akil H, Watson S J. Regulatory biology of the HPA axis: an integrative approach. Centra] Nervous System Peptide Mechanisms in Stress and Depression, S C Risch. American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC 1991
  • Burstein R, Cliffer D K, Biesler G J. The spinohypothalamic and spinotele-cephalic tracts: direct nociceptive projections from the spinal cord to the hypothalamus and telencephalon. Proceedings of the 5th World Congress on Pain, R Dubner, G F Gebhart, M R Bond. Elsevier, New York 1988
  • Assenmacher I, Szafarczyk A, Alonso G, Ixart G, Barbanel G. Physiology of neuropathways affecting CRH secretion. In. The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Revisited, W F Ganong, M F Dallman, J L Roberts. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1987; 512: 149–161
  • Bruera E, Miller M J, Kuehn N, MacEachern T, Hanson J. Estimate of survival of patients admitted to a palliative care unit: a prospective study. J Pain Symptom Manage 1992; 7(2)82–86
  • Enck R E. The last few days. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 1992; 9(4)11–13
  • Lichter I, Hunt E. The last 48 hours of life. J Palliat Care 1990; 6(4)7–15
  • Hospice and Home Care of Snohomish County. Signs That Death is Near. 1980
  • Holden C M. Anorexia in the terminally ill cancer patient: the emotional impact on the patient and the family. Hospice J 1991; 7(3)73–84
  • Splinter T A. Cachexia and cancer: a clinician's view. Ann Oncol 1992; 3: 25–27
  • Foley K M. The treatment of cancer pain. N Engl J Med 1985; 313(2)84–95
  • Breitbart W. Psychiatric management of cancer pain. Cancer 1989; 63(11 Suppl)2336–2342
  • Bonica J J, Ventafridda V, Twycross R G. Cancer Pain. The Management of Pain, J J Bonica. Lea, & Febiger, Philadelphia 1990; I
  • Collins D, Eary J F, Donaldson G, et al. Samarium-153-EDTMP in bone metastases of hormone refractory prostate carcinoma: a Phase I/II trial. J Nucl Med 1993; 34: 1839–1844
  • Gralla R J. Current issues in the management of nausea and vomiting. Ann Oncol 1993; 3: S3–S7
  • Allan S C. Nausea and vomiting. Oxford Textbook of Palliative Care, D Doyle, G WC Hanks, N MacDonald. Oxford University Press, Oxford 1994
  • Andrews P L. Physiology of nausea and vomiting. Br J Anaesth 1992; 69(7 Suppl 1)2S–19S
  • Watcha M F, White P F. Postoperative nausea and vomiting. Its etiology, treatment, and prevention. Anesthesiology 1992; 77(1)162–184
  • Ahmedzai. Palliation of respiratory symptoms. Oxford Textbook of Palliative Care, D Doyle, G WC Hanks, N MacDonald. Oxford University Press, Oxford 1994
  • Hsu D H. Dyspnea in dying patients. Can Fam Physician 1993; 39: 1635–1638
  • Kübler-Ross E. On Death and Dying. The Macmillan Publishing Company, Inc., New York 1969
  • Mermann A C. Spiritual aspects of death and dying. Yale J Biol Med 1992; 65(2)137–142
  • Sansom A. The fear of dying alone. Nurs Elder 1992; 4(6)39
  • Thomasma D C. The ethics of caring for the older patient with cancer: defining the issues. Oncol Huntingt 1992; 6(2 Suppl)124–130
  • Smith D C, Maher M F. Achieving a healthy death: the dying person's attitudinal contributions. Hosp J 1993; 9(1)21–32
  • Charap A D. The knowledge, attitudes, and experience of medical personnel treating pain in the terminally ill. Mt Sinai J Med 1978; 45(4)561–580
  • Cleeland C S, Cleeland L M, Dar R, Rinehardt L C. Factors influencing physician management of cancer pain. Cancer 1986; 58(3)796–800
  • Weissman D E. Glucocorticoid treatment for brain metaslases and epidural spinal cord compression: a review. J Clin Oncol 1988; 6: 543–551
  • Grossman S A, Sheidler V R, Swedeen K, Mucenski J, Piantadosi S. Correlation of patient and caregiver ratings of cancer pain. J Pain Symptom Manage 1991; 6(2)53–57
  • Ferrell B R, McCaffery M, Rhiner M. Pain and addiction: an urgent need for change in nursing education. J Pain Symptom Manage 1992; 7(2)117–124
  • Elliott T E, Elliott B A. Physician acquisition of cancer pain management knowledge. J Pain Symptom Manage 1991; 6(4)224–229
  • Levin D N, Cleeland C S, Daul R L. Public attitudes toward cancer pain. Cancer 1985; 56(9)2337–2339
  • Cleeland C S. Measurement of pain by subjective report. Issues in Pain Measurement, 12, Advances in Pain Research and Therapy, C R Chapman, J D Loeser. Raven Press, New York 1989
  • Foley K M. Controversies in cancer pain. Medical perspectives. Cancer 1989; 63(11 Suppl)2257–2265
  • Daut R L, Cleeland C S. The prevalence and severity of pain in cancer. Cancer 1982; 50(9)1913–1918
  • Wellisch D K, Wolcott D L, Pasnau R O, Fawzy F I, Landsverk J. An evaluation of the psychosocial problems of the homebound cancer patient: relationship of patient adjustment to family problems. J Psychosocial Oncol 1989; 7: 55–76
  • Jacox A, Carr D B, Payne R, et al. Management of Cancer Pain Clinical Practice Guideline. Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Rockville, MD 1994

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.