249
Views
44
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Risk Factors for Acute Stress Disorder in Children with Burns

, , , , , , & show all
Pages 37-49 | Published online: 22 Sep 2008

REFERENCES

  • American Burn Association . 1984 . Guidelines for service standards and severity classification in the treatment of burn injuries . Bulletin of the American College of Surgeons , 69 : 24 – 28 .
  • American Psychiatric Association . 1994 . Diagnostic and statistical manual, , 4th ed. Washington, DC : Author .
  • Brewin , C. R. , Andrews , B. , Rose , S. and Kirk , M. 1999 . Acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder in victims of violent crime . American Journal of Psychiatry , 156 : 360 – 365 .
  • Bryant , R. A. , Harvey , A. G. , Guthrie , R. and Moulds , M. 2000 . A prospective study of acute psychophysiological arousal, acute stress disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder. . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 109 : 341 – 344 .
  • Caniano , D. A. , Beaver , B. L. and Bowles , E. T. 1986 . Child abuse: An update on surgical management of 256 cases . Annals of Surgery , 203 : 219 – 224 .
  • Cardeña , E. , Koopman , C. , Classen , C. , Waelde , L. C. and Spiegel , D. 2000 . Psychometric properties of the Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire (SASRQ): A valid and reliable measure of acute stress . Journal of Traumatic Stress , 13 : 719 – 734 .
  • Charney , D. C. , Deutch , A. Y. , Krystal , J. H. , Southwick and Davis , M. 1993 . Psycho-biological mechanisms of posttraumatic stress disorder . Archives of General Psychiatry , 50 : 294 – 305 .
  • Coddington , R. D. 1972 . The significance of life events as etiological factors in the diseases of children: II. A study of a normal population . Journal of Psychosomatic Research , 16 : 205 – 213 .
  • Daviss , W. B. , Racusin , R. , Fleischer , A. , Mooney , D. , Ford , J. D. and McHugo , G. J. 2000 . Acute stress disorder symptomatology during hospitalization for pediatric injury . Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , 39 : 569 – 75 .
  • Graham , J. W. , Hofer , S. M. , Donaldson , S. I. , MacKinnon , D. P. and Schafer , J. L. 1997 . “ Analysis with missing data in prevention research. ” . In The science of prevention: Methodological advances from alcohol and substance abuse research Edited by: Bryant , K. J. , Windle , M. and West , S. G. 325 – 366 . Washington, DC : American Psychological Association .
  • Guyer , B. and Gallagher , S. S. 1985 . An approach to the epidemiology of childhood injuries . Pediatric Clinics of North America , 32 : 5 – 15 .
  • Harvey , A. G. and Bryant , R. A. 2000 . Two-year prospective evaluation of the relationship between acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder following mild traumatic brain injury . American Journal of Psychiatry , 157 : 626 – 628 .
  • Holeva , V. , Tarrier , N. and Wells , A. 2001 . Prevalence and predictors of acute stress disorder and PTSD following road traffic accidents: Thought control strategies and social support . Behaviour Therapy , 32 : 65 – 83 .
  • Holmes , T. H. and Rahe , R. H. 1967 . The social readjustment rating scale . Journal of Psychosomatic Research , 11 : 213 – 218 .
  • Kavanagh , C. K. , Lasoff , E. , Eide , Y , Freeman , R. , McEttrick , M. , Dar , R. , Helgerson , R. , Remensnyder , J. and Kalin , N. 1991 . “ Learned helplessness and the pediatric burn patient: Dressing change behavior and serum cortisol and beta-endorphin. ” . In Advances in pediatrics Edited by: Barness , L. A. , Bongiovanni , A. , Morrow , G. , Oski , F. A. and Rudolf , A. M. Vol. 38 , 335 – 362 . Chicago : Year Book .
  • Kosten , T. R. , Mason , J. W. , Giller , E. L. , Ostroff , R. B. and Harkness , L. 1987 . Sustained urinary norepinepherine and epinepherine elevation in PTSD . Psychoneuro-endocrinology , 12 : 13 – 20 .
  • Kravitz , M. , McCoy , B. J.M. , Tomkins , D. M. , Daly , W. , Mulligan , J. , McCauley , R. L. , Robson , M. C. and Herndon , D. N. 1993 . Sleep disorders in children after burn injury . Journal of Burn Care Rehabilitation , 14 : 83 – 90 .
  • McArdle , J. J. and Cattell , R. B. 1994 . Structural equation models of factorial invar-iance in parallel proportional profiles and oblique cofactor problems . Multivariate Behavior Research , 29 : 63 – 113 .
  • McLoughlin , E. and McGuire , A. 1990 . The causes, cost and prevention of childhood burn injuries . The American Journal of Disorders in Childhood , 144 : 667 – 671 .
  • Muthen , L. K. and Muthen , B. O. 1998 . Mplus Statistical Analysis With Latent Variables: User's Guide. Los Angeles, CA : Muthen & Muthen. .
  • Nader , K. 1996 . “ Assessing trauma in children ” . In Assessing psychological trauma and PTSD Edited by: Wilson , J. and Keane , T. M. 291 – 348 . New York : Guilford .
  • Nader , K. , Pynoos , R. and Fairbanks , J. L. 1990 . Children's PTSD reactions one year after a sniper attack on their school . American Journal of Psychiatry , 147 : 1526 – 1530 .
  • Orr , D. A. , Reznikoff , M. and Smith , G. M. 1989 . Body image, self esteem, and depression in burn injured adolescents and young adults . Journal of Burn Care and Rehabilitation , 10 : 454 – 461 .
  • Perry , B. D. , Giller , E. L. and Southwick , S. M. 1987 . Altered plasma alpha-2 adrenergic receptor affinity in PTSD . American Journal of Psychiatry , 144 : 1511 – 1512 .
  • Piers , E. V. 1984 . Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale, , Rev. ed. Los Angeles : Western Psychological Services .
  • Pitman , R. K. 1989 . Post-traumatic stress disorder, hormones, and memory [editorial] . Biological Psychiatry , 26 : 221 – 223 .
  • Purdue , G. F. , Hunt , J. L. and Prescott , P. R. 1988 . Child burning by abuse: An index of suspicion . Journal of Trauma , 28 : 221 – 224 .
  • Renze , B. M. and Sherman , R. 1993 . Abusive scald burns in infants and children: A prospective study . American Surgeon , 58 : 329 – 334 .
  • Reich , W. 2000 . Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents (DICA) . Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , 39 : 59 – 66 .
  • Saxe , G. , Chawla , N. , Stoddard , F. , Kassam-Adams , N. , Courtney , D. , Cunningham , K. , Lopez , C. , Hall , E. , Sheridan , R. , King , L. and King , D. 2003 . Child Stress Disorders Checklist: A measure of ASD and PTSD in children . Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , 42 : 972 – 978 .
  • Saxe , G. , Stoddard , F. , Courtney , D. , Cunningham , K. , Chawla , N. , Sheridan , R. , King , D. and King , L. 2001 . Relationship between acute morphine and the course of PTSD in children with burns . Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , 40 : 915 – 921 .
  • Shalev , A. Y. , Peri , T. , Canetti , L. and Schreiber , S. 1996 . Predictors of PTSD in injured trauma survivors: A prospective study . American Journal of Psychiatry , 153 : 219 – 225 .
  • Shalev , A. Y. , Sahar , T. , Freedman , S. , Peri , T. , Glick , N. , Brandes , D. , Orr , S. P. and Pitman , R. K. 1998 . A prospective study of heart rate responses following trauma and the subsequent development of posttraumatic stress disorder . Archives of General Psychiatry , 55 : 553 – 559 .
  • Silverstein , P. and Lack , B. O. “ Epidemiology and prevention. ” . In The art and science of burn care Edited by: Boswick , J. A. 11 – 17 . Williams & Wilkins . Rockville, MD: Lippincott
  • Southwick , S. M. , Krystal , J. H. , Morgan , A. , Johnson , D. , Nagy , L. M. , Nicolaou , G. R. , Heniger , G. R. and Charney , D. S. 1993 . Archives of General Psychiatry , 50 : 266 – 274 . Abnormal noradrenergic function in post-traumatic stress disorder
  • Stoddard , F. J. 1982 . Body image development in the burned child . Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry , 21 : 502 – 507 .
  • Stoddard , F. J. 1985 . “ Care of infants, children and adolescents with burn injuries. ” . In Child and adolescent psychiatry: A comprehensive textbook Edited by: Lewis , M. 1016 – 1037 . Baltimore, MD : Williams and Wilkins .
  • Stoddard , F. J. , Murphy , J. M. and Rizzone , L. PTSD in children after recovery from burns Unpublished manuscript
  • Stoddard , F. J. , Norman , D. K. , Murphy , J. M. and Beardslee , W. R. 1989 . Psychiatric outcome of burned children . Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , 28 : 589 – 595 .
  • Tarnowski , K. J. and Rasnake , L. K. 1994 . “ Long term psychosocial sequelae. ” . In Behavioral aspects of pediatric burns Edited by: Tarnowski , K. J. 81 – 118 . New York, NY : Plenum Press .
  • Van der Kolk , B. A. 1994 . The body keeps the score: Memory and the evolving psychobiology of PTSD . Harvard Review of Psychiatry , 1 : 253 – 265 .
  • Winston , F. K. , Kassam-Adams , N. , Vivarelli-O'Neill , C. , Ford , J. , Newman , E. , Baxt , C. , Stafford , P. and Cnaan , A. 2002 . Acute Stress Disorder Symptoms in children and their parents after pediatric traffic injury . Pediatrics , 109 : e90

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.