142
Views
19
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
LESBIAN PARENTHOOD

The German Lesbian Family Study

Planning for Parenthood via Donor Insemination

&
Pages 351-395 | Published online: 04 Oct 2008

References

  • Baetens , P. 2002 . Counselling lesbian couples: Requests for donor insemination on social grounds . Reproductive BioMedicine Online , 6 : 75 – 83 .
  • Baetens , P. and Brewaeys , A. 2001 . Lesbian couples requesting donor insemination: an update of the knowledge with regard to lesbian mother families . Human Reproduction Update , 7 : 512 – 519 .
  • Berger , W. , Reisbeck , G. and Schwer , P. 2000 . Lesben-schwule-kinder. Eine analyse zum forschungsstand in auftrag des Ministeriums für Frauen, Jugend, Familie und Gesundheit des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen [Lesbians-Gays-Children. A research analysis commissioned by the Ministry for Women, Children, Family and Health of the state of Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany]
  • Bos , H. M. W. , van Balen , F. and van den Boom , D. C. 2003 . Planned lesbian families: Their desire and motivation tohave children . Human Reproduction , 18 : 2216 – 2224 .
  • Bos , H. M. W. , van Balen , F. and van den Boom , D. C. 2004 . Experience of parenthood, couple relationship, social support, and child-rearing goals in planned lesbian mother families . Journal of Child psychology and Psychiatry , 45 : 755 – 764 .
  • Brewaeys , A. , Ponjaert , I. , Van Hall , E. V. and Golombok , S. 1997 . [Survey # 3] Donor insemination: Child development and family functioning in lesbian mother families . Human Reproduction , 12 : 1349 – 1359 .
  • Brewaeys , A. , de Bruyn , J. K. , Louwe , L. A. and Helmerhorst , F. M. 2005 . Anonymous or identity-registered sperm donors? A study of Dutch recipients' choices . Human Reproduction , 20 : 820 – 824 .
  • Brewaeys , A. , Devroey , P. , Helmerhorst , F. M. , Van Hall , E. V. and Ponjaert , I. 1995 . [Survey #2] Lesbian mothers who conceived after donor insemination: A follow-up study . Human Reproduction , 10 : 2731 – 2735 .
  • Brewaeys , A. , Ponjaert-Kristoffersen , I. , Van Steirteghem , A. C. and Devroey , P. 1993 . [Survey #1] Children from anonymous donors: An inquiry into homosexual and heterosexual parents' attitudes [Special Issue] . Journal of Obstetrics and Gyne-cology , 14 : 23 – 35 .
  • Carroll , N. and Palmer , J. R. 2001 . A comparison of intrauterine versus intracervical insemination in fertile single women . Fertility and Sterility , 75 : 656 – 660 .
  • Chabot , J. M. 1998 . Transition to parenthood: Lesbian couples' experiences with donor insemination Dissertation Abstracts International. (UMI No. 9909272)
  • Chan , R. W. , Raboy , B. and Patterson , C. J. 1998 . Psychosocial adjustment among children conceived via donor insemination by lesbian and heterosexual mothers . Child Development , 69 ( 2 ) : 443 – 457 .
  • Ciano-Boyce , C. and Shelly-Sireci , L. 2002 . Who is mommy tonight? Lesbian parenting issues . Journal of Homosexuality , 43 : 1 – 13 .
  • Curry , E. D. 1999 . Lesbian couples who choose motherhood: A qualitative study Dissertation Abstracts International. (UMI No. 9945179)
  • Dalton , S. E. and Bielby , D. D. 2000 . “That's our kind of constellation”: Lesbian mothers negotiate institutionalized understandings of gender within the family . Gender & Society , 14 : 36 – 61 .
  • Dundas , S. and Kaufman , M. 2000 . The Toronto lesbian family study . Journal of Homosexuality , 40 : 65 – 79 .
  • Dworek , G. and Ferchau , S. 2006 . Vorwort zur Zweiten Auflage LSVD Rechts-ratgeber. Familien- und Sozialverein des Lesben- und Schwulenverbandes in Deutschland e.V., Köln
  • Epstein , R. 1993 . Breaking with tradition . Healthsharing , 14 ( 2 ) : 18 – 22 .
  • Falk , P. J. 1989 . Lesbian mothers: Psychosocial assumptions in family law . American Psychologist , June : 941 – 947 .
  • Ferrara , I. , Balet , R. and Grudzinskas , J. G. 2000 . Intrauterine donor insemination in single women and lesbian couples: A comparative study of pregnancy rates . Human Reproduction , 15 : 621 – 625 .
  • Flaks , D. K. , Ficher , I. , Masterpasqua , F. and Joseph , G. 1995 . Lesbians choosing motherhood: A comparative study of lesbians and heterosexual parents and their children . Developmental Psychology , 31 : 105 – 114 .
  • Fulcher , M. , Chan , R. W. , Raboy , B. and Patterson , C. J. 2002 . Contact with grandparents among children conceived via donor insemination by lesbian and heterosexual mothers . Parenting: Science and Practice , 2 ( 1 ) : 61 – 76 .
  • Gartrell , N. , Banks , A. , Reed , N. , Hamilton , J. , Rodas , C. and Deck , A. 2000 . The national lesbian family study: 3. Interviews with mothers of five-year-olds . American Journal of Orthopsychiatry , 70 : 542 – 548 .
  • Gartrell , N. , Deck , A. , Rodas , C. , Peyser , H. and Banks , A. 2005 . The national lesbian family study: 4. Interviews with the 10-year-old children . American Journal of Orthopsychiatry , 75 : 518 – 524 .
  • Gartrell , N. , Hamilton , J. , Banks , A. , Hamilton , J. , Reed , N. , Sparks , C. H. , Bishop , H. and Rodas , C. 1999 . The national lesbian family study: 2. Interviews with mothers of toddlers . American Journal of Orthopsychiatry , 69 : 362 – 369 .
  • Gartrell , N. , Hamilton , J. , Banks , A. , Mosbacher , D. , Reed , N. , Sparks , C. H. and Bishop , H. 1996 . The national lesbian family study: 1. Interviews with prospective mothers . American Journal of Orthopsychiatry , 66 : 272 – 281 .
  • Golombok , S. , Brewaeys , A. , Cook , R. , Giavazzi , M. T. , Guerra , D. , Tovani , A. , Van Hall , E. , Crosignani , P. G. and Dexeus , S. 1996 . The European study of assisted reproduction families: Family functioning and child development . Human Reproduction , 11 : 2324 – 2331 .
  • Golombok , S. , Perry , B. , Burston , A. , Murray , C. , Mooney-Somers , J. and Stevens , M. 2003 . Children with lesbian parents: A community study . Developmental Psychology , 39 ( 1 ) : 20 – 33 .
  • Golombok , S. , Tasker , F. and Murray , C. 1997 . Children raised in fatherless families from infancy: Family relationships and the socioemotional development of children of lesbian and single mothers . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 38 : 783 – 791 .
  • Maccallum , F. and Golombok , S. 2004 . Children raised in fatherless families from infancy: A follow-up of children of lesbian and single heterosexual mothers at early adolescence . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 45 : 1407 – 1409 .
  • Hahlweg , K. , Klann , K. and Hank , G. 1992 . Zur Erfassung der Ehequalität: Ein Vergleich der Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) und des Partnerschaftsfragebogens (PFB). [Measuring marital quality: A comparison of the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) and the Partnerschaftsfragebogen (PFB).] . Diagnostica , 38 : 312 – 327 .
  • Hank , G. , Hahlweg , K. and Klann , N. 1990 . Diagnostische verfahren für berate:. Materialien zur diagnostik und therapie in ehe-, familien- und lebensberatung , Weinheim : Beltz . [Diagnostic methods for counsellors: Materials for diagnostics and therapy in marital, family and life counselling.]
  • Harvey , S. M. , Carr , C. and Bernheine , S. 1989 . Lesbian mothers: Health care experiences . Journal of Nurse-Midwifery , 34 : 115 – 119 .
  • Jacob , M. C. 1995 . Lesbian couples and therapeutic donor insemination . Assisted Reproduction Reviews , 5 : 214 – 221 .
  • Jacob , M. C. 1997 . “ Concerns of single women and lesbian couples considering conception through assisted reproduction ” . In Infertility: Psychological issues and counseling strategies , Edited by: Leiblum , S. R. 189 – 208 . New York : John Wiley & Sons, Inc .
  • Jacob , M. C. , Klock , S. C. and Maier , D. 1999 . Lesbian couples as therapeutic donor recipients: Do they differ from other patients? . Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetric Gynecology , 20 : 203 – 215 .
  • Jiles , J. J. 1999 . Lesbian mothers: Creating our families Dissertation Abstracts International. (UMI No. 9936428)
  • Johnson , S. M. and O'Connor , E. 2002 . The gay baby boom , New York : New York University Press .
  • Kenney , J. W. and Tash , D. T. 1992 . Lesbian childbearing couples' dilemmas and decisions . Health Care for Women International , 13 : 209 – 219 .
  • Kershaw , S. 2000 . Living in a lesbian household: the effects on children . Child and Family Social Work , 5 : 365 – 371 .
  • König-Kuske , J. 1977 . Ein Fragebogen zur Einschätzung einer Zweierbeziehung. G. B. Spaniers Dyadic Adjustment Scale. [A Questionnaire for assessing dyadic relationships. G. B. Spanier's Dyadic Adjustment Scale.] . Partnerberatung , 14 : 37 – 42 .
  • Krüger-Lebus , S. 1996 . Partnerschaftliche Zufriedenheit von Frauen in gleich-geschlechtlichen Beziehungen: Eine Vergleichsstudie zum Einfluss der Anwesenheit von Kindern auf die Beziehungsqualität lesbischer Paare , Basel, , Switzerland : University of Basel . [Relationship satisfaction of women in same-sex relationships: A comparative study of the influence of having children on the relationship quality of lesbian women.] Unpublished master's thesis
  • Krüger-Lebus , S. and Rauchfleisch , U. 1999 . Zufriedenheit von frauen in gleichgesch-lechtlichen partnerschaften mit und ohne kinder. [Level of contentment in lesbian partnerships with and without children.] . System Familie , 12 : 74 – 79 .
  • Leiblum , S. R. , Palmer , M. G. and Spector , I. P. 1995 . Non-traditional mothers: Single heterosexual/lesbian women and lesbian couples electing motherhood via donor insemination . Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynecology , 16 : 11 – 20 .
  • Martin , A. 1993 . The lesbian and gay parenting handbook: Creating and raising our families , New York : Harper Perennial .
  • McCandlish , B. M. 1987 . “ Against all odds: Lesbian mother family dynamics ” . In Gay and lesbian parents , Edited by: Bozett , F. W. 23 – 36 . New York : Praeger Publishers .
  • McClellan , D. L. 2001 . The “other” mother and second parent adoption . Journal of Gay & Lesbian Social Services , 13 ( 3 ) : 1 – 21 .
  • Mercier , L. R. 2000 . Lesbian mother families: A qualitative study of perceptions of institutional and interpersonal support (UMI No. 9948142)
  • Mohler , M. and Frazer , L. 2002 . A donor insemination guide , New York : Harrington Park Press .
  • Muzio , C. 1993 . Lesbian co-parenting: On being/being with the invisible (m)other . Smith College Studies in Social Work , 63 : 215 – 229 .
  • Nelson , F. 1999 . Lesbian families: Achieving motherhood . Journal of Gay and Lesbian Social Services: Issues in Practice , 10 : 27 – 46 .
  • Nelson , F. 2007 . Mother tongues: The discursive journeys of lesbian and heterosexual women into motherhood . Journal of GLBT Familiy Studies , 3 ( 2/3 ) : 223 – 265 .
  • Patterson , C. J. 1994 . “ Children of the lesbian baby boom: Behavioral adjustment, self-concepts, and sex role identity ” . In Psychological perspectives on lesbian and gay issues: Vol. 1. Lesbian and gay psychology: Theory, research, and clinical applications , Edited by: Greene , B. and Herek , G. M. 156 – 175 . Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage .
  • Patterson , C. J. 1995 . Families of the lesbian baby boom: Parent's division of labor and children's adjustment . Developmental Psychology , 31 : 115 – 123 .
  • Patterson , C. J. 1996 . “ Lesbian mothers and their children ” . In Lesbians and gays in couples and families: A handbook for therapists , Edited by: Laird , J. and Green , R.-J. 420 – 437 . San Francisco : Jossey-Bass Publishers .
  • Patterson , C. J. , Hurt , S. and Mason , C. D. 1998 . Families of the lesbian baby boom: Childrens' contact with grandparents and other adults . American Journal of Ortho-psychiatry , 68 : 390 – 399 .
  • Pies , C. A. 1988 . Considering parenthood() , 2nd ed. , Minneapolis, MN : Spinsters Book Co. .
  • Pies , C. A. 1990 . “ Lesbians and the choice to parent ” . In Homosexuality and family relations , Edited by: Bozett , F. W. and Sussman , M. B. 37 – 154 . New York : Haworth Press .
  • Rauchfleisch , U. 1997 . Alternative familienformen: Eineltern, gleichgeschlechtliche paare, hausmänner , Göttingen, , Germany : Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht . [Alternative family forms: Single parents, same-sex parents and stay-at-home dads.]
  • Rohrbaugh , J. B. 1988 . Choosing children: Psychological issues in lesbian parenting . Women and Therapy , 8 ( 1–2 ) : 51 – 64 .
  • Scheib , J. E. , Riordan , M. and Rubin , S. 2003 . Choosing identity-release sperm donors: The parents' perspective 13–18 years later . Human Reproduction , 18 : 1115 – 1117 .
  • Scheib , J. E. , Riordan , M. and Shaver , P. R. 2000 . Choosing between anonymous and identity-release sperm donors: Recipient and donor characteristics . Reproductive Technologies , 10 ( 1 ) : 50 – 58 .
  • Shelley-Sireci , L. and Ciano-Boyce , C. How did they become parents? Becoming and being lesbian adoptive and birth parents . Paper presented at the American Psychological Association Annual Convention . Boston, MA. August ,
  • Siegenthaler , A. L. and Bigner , J. J. 2000 . The value of children to lesbian and non-lesbian mothers . Journal of Homosexuality , 39 : 73 – 91 .
  • Siegfried , D. 2001 . “ Rechtliche situation lesbischer und schwuler Familien. [Legal situation of lesbian and gay-headed families.] ” . In LSVD Familienbuch , Edited by: Schillen , I. and Rodé , E. 79 – 90 . Köln, , Germany : LSVD e.V .
  • Spanier , G. B. 1976 . Measuring dyadic adjustment: New scales for assessing the quality of marriage and similar dyads . Journal of Marriage and the Family , 38 : 15 – 28 .
  • Steeno , J. A. 1998 . Lesbian mothers and their children: An exploration of lesbian family functioning Dissertation Abstracts International. (UMI No. 9822937)
  • Szymanski , D. M. , Chung , Y. B. and Balsam , K. F. 2001 . Psychosocial correlates of internalized homophobia in lesbians . Measurement and Evaluation in Counselling and Development , 34 April : 27 – 38 .
  • Szymanski , D. M. and Chung , Y. B. 2001a . The lesbian internalized homophobia scale: A rational/theoretical approach . Journal of Homosexuality , 41 ( 2 ) : 37 – 52 .
  • Szymanski , D. M. and Chung , Y. B. Lesbian internalized homophobia in relation to same-sex relationships, feminist attitudes, and coping resources . Paper presented at the American Psychological Association Annual Convention . San Francisco, CA. August ,
  • Thompson , J. M. 2002 . Mommy queerest: Contemporary rhetoric of lesbian maternal identity , Amherst & Boston : University of Massachusetts Press .
  • Thorn , P. 2003 . “ Germany: The changing legal and social culture ” . In Third party assisted conception across cultures: Social, legal and ethical perspectives , Edited by: Blyth , E. and Landau , R. 94 – 111 . London : Jessica Kingsley Publisher .
  • Vanfraussen , K. , Ponjaert-Kristoffersen , I. and Brewaeys , A. 2001 . An attempt to reconstruct children's donor concept: A comparison between children's and lesbian parents' attitudes towards donor anonymity . Human Reproduction , 16 : 2019 – 2025 .
  • Vanfraussen , K. , Ponjaert-Kristoffersen , I. and Brewaeys , A. 2002 . What does it mean for youngsters to grow up in a lesbian family created by means of donor insemination? . Journal of Reproduction & Infant Psychology , 20 : 237 – 252 .
  • Vanfraussen , K. , Ponjaert-Kristoffersen , I. and Brewaeys , A. 2003 . Why do children want to know more about the donor? The experiences of youngsters raised in lesbian families . Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynecology , 24 : 31 – 38 .
  • Wendland , C. L. , Byrn , F. and Hill , C. 1996 . Donor insemination: A comparison of lesbian couples, heterosexual couples, and single women . Fertility and Sterility , 65 : 764 – 770 .
  • Wilson , C. M. 2000 . The creation of motherhood: Exploring the experiences of lesbian co-mothers . Journal of Feminist Family Therapy , 12 : 21 – 44 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.