REFERENCES
- Soriano V, Puoti M, Peters M, et al. Care of HIV patients with chronic hepatitis B: Updated recommendations from the HIV-Hepatitis B virus International Panel. AIDS. 2008;22:1399–1410.
- Chang J, Sirivichayakul S, Avihingsanon A, et al. The combined effects of HIV-1 and HBeAg on the adaptive immune response in chronic HBV infection. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Work-shop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 6.
- Iser D, Solomon A, Saleh S, et al. HIV infection of chroni-cally HBV-infected human hepatic and stellate cell lines: Implications for pathogenesis of HIV-HBV co-infection. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 7.
- Bottecchia M, Tuma P, Sheldon J, et al. Natural poly-morphisms at the HBV polymerase: Genotype-dependence and impact on treatment response. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Work-shop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 17.
- Vairo F, Laconi F, Solmone M, et al. Analysis of HBV lami-vudine-resistant mutations in a cohort of HBV-infected subjects with or without HIV coinfection. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 18.
- Matthews G, Batholomeusz A, Locarnini S, et al. Charac-teristics of drug resistant HBV in an international collab-orative study of HIV-HBV infected individuals on extended lamivudine therapy. AIDS. 2006;20:863–870.
- Sheldon J, Soriano V. Hepatitis B virus escape mutants induced by antiviral therapy. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2008;61:766–768.
- Teixeira T, Martin-Carbonero L, Castellares C, et al. Liver fibrosis progression in HIV patients with chronic hepatitis B in the HAART era - a 24 months follow-up study. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 64.
- Rodger A, Geretti AM, Garcia-Diaz A, et al. Long-term efficacy and safety of tenofovir in HIV/HBV co-infected patients in a clinical setting. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 66.
- Nazareth C, Corte-real R, Germano I, et al. Virologic response in HIV/HBV coinfected patients treated with HAART. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 68.
- Morsica G,Alagna L, Bagaglio S, Lazzarin A, Uberti-Foppa C. Virologic response to Truvada in lamivudine/tenofovir experienced HIV/HBV-coinfected patients. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Work-shop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 69.
- Grunhage F, Wasmuth J, Vidovic N, et al. No difference in liver fibrosis in a cohort of HIV/HCV-coinfected patients on HAART as compared to HIV-negative HCV patients assessed by transient elastography. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 8.
- Nunez-Fernandez C, Martin-Carbonero L, Valencia E, Gonzalez-Lahoz J, Soriano V. The rate of liver-related complications has reached a plateau as cause of hospital admission and death in HIV-infected patients in Madrid. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 38.
- Macias J, Berenguer J, Arizcorreta A, et al. Fast fibrosis progression observed between sequential liver biopsies in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 9.
- Nunez M, MiraIles C, Berdun MA, et al. Role of weight-based ribavirin dosing and extended duration of therapy in chronic hepatitis C in HIV-infected patients: The PRESCO trial. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2007;23:972–982.
- Dixit N, Layden-Almer J, Layden T, Pere!son A. Modelling how ribavirin improves interferon response rates in hepati-tis C virus infection. Nature. 2004;432:922–924.
- Lindahl K, Stahle L, Bruchfeld A, Schvarcz R. High-dose ribavirin in combination with standard dose peginterferon for treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C. Hepatol-ogy. 2005;41:275–279.
- Labarga P, Barreiro P, Guardiola JM, et al. Early virologi-cal efficacy and hematological safety of pegIFN alpha-2a plus high doses of ribavirin in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients (PERICO study). In: Program and abstracts of the 4th Inter-national Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 15.
- Labarga P, Barreiro P, Vispo E, et al. Ribavirin plasma levels are predictive of HCV clearance after rescue therapy with peg-interferon alpha-2a plus eight-adjusted ribavirin in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 13.
- Dominguez S, Cassard B, Peytavin G, et al. Early therapeu-tic drug monitoring of ribavirin is predictive of tolerability and sustained virological response in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 41.
- Soriano V, Puoti M, Sulkowski M, et al. Care of patients coinfected with HIV and hepatitis C virus: 2007 updated recommendations from the HCV-HIV International Panel. AIDS. 2007;21:1073–1089.
- Rockstroh J, Bhagani S, Benhamou Y, et al. European AIDS Clinical Society (EACS) guidelines for the clinical management and treatment of chronic hepatitis B and C coinfection in HIV-infected adults. HIV Med. 2008;9: 82–88.
- Tuma P, Vispo E, Camacho A, et al. Peginterferon alpha-2b plus weight-adjusted ribavirin in HIV-infected patients with chronic hepatitis C: Planned interim analysis of the EXTENT study at week 12. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 45.
- Vispo E, Tuma P, Maida I, et al. Benefit of irbesartan or a second course of peginterferon plus ribavirin in prior non-responders with HIV/HCV coinfection and advanced liver disease. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 52.
- Fox J, Nastouli E, Thomson E, et al. Increasing incidence of acute hepatitis C in individuals diagnosed with primary HIV in the United Kingdom. AIDS. 2008;22:666–668.
- Fierer D, Uriel A, Carriero D, et al. Liver fibrosis during an outbreak of acute hepatitis C virus infection in HIV-infected men: A prospective cohort study. J Infect Dis. In press.
- Gallotta G, Galli L, de Bona A, et al. Acute hepatitis C in HIV co-infected men who have sex with men: Milan, 1996–2007. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 47.
- Jones R, Low E, Rodger A, et al. Hepatitis C viraemia following sustained virological response to pegylated interferon and ribavirin in HIV-positive men who have sex with men - reinfection or late relapse? In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 12.
- Shores N, Maida I, Soriano V, Nunez M. Predictive factors of spontaneous HCV clearance in HIV-infected patients. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 50.
- Madejon A, Gaeta G, Bottecchia M, Rios P, Garcia-Samaniego J, Soriano V. Assessment of delta viremia in patients with chronic hepatitis delta - influence of HIV infection and antiviral therapy. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 19.
- Madejon A, Bottecchia M, Garcia-Samaniego J, Rios P, Romero M, Soriano V. Differential replicative behaviour of hepatitis B virus genotypes in patients with chronic hepati-tis delta. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 76.
- Panos G, Holmes P, Mandalia S, et al. Determination of transient elastography cutoff values in Kilopascal for the detection of significant hepatic fibrosis through a systemic review and meta-analysis. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 25.
- Rodgers A, Fernandez T, Dusheiko G, Jonhson M, Bhagani S. Assessment of staging of liver fibrosis by transient elastog-raphy and FIB-4 in HIV patients with chronic liver disease using liver biopsy as the gold standard. Does concordance improve management? In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 3.
- Recio E, Macias J, Merchante N, et al. Usefulness of liver stiffness to predict esophageal varices requiring therapy in HIV/HCV coinfected patients with cirrhosis. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Work-shop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 20.
- del Valle J, Camacho A, Mira J, et al. Evolution of liver stiff-ness evaluated by transient elastometry in patients treated with pegylated interferon plus ribavirin. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 21.
- Ha!fon P, Carrat F, Bedossa P, et al. Impact of antiviral treatment on non-invasive predictors of liver fibrosis in HIV/HCV coinfected patients: The Fibrovic 2 study - ANRS HCO2. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 16.
- Soriano V, Puoti M, Garcia-Gasco P, et al. Antiretroviral drugs and liver injury. AIDS. 2008;22:1–13.
- Nasta P, Gatti F, Borghi F, et al. Fosamprenavir/ritonavir and darunavir/ritonavir based HAART hepatic toxicity in HIV/HCV co-infected subjects with or without cirrhosis. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 33.
- Macias J, Orihuela F, Rivero A, et al. Liver tolerability of tipranavir plus ritonavir-containing HAART: Influence of hepatitis virus coinfection and pre-existing fibrosis. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 35.
- Rodriguez-Novoa S, Morello J, Gonzalez M, et al. Increase in bilirubin in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients on stable ata-zanavir therapy following initiation of peginterferon plus ribavirin. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 49.
- Barreiro P, Rodriguez-Novoa S, Labarga P, et al. Influence of liver fibrosis on plasma levels of antiretroviral drugs in HIV-infected patients with chronic hepatitis C. J Infect Dis. 2007;195:973–979.
- Veronese L, Rautaureau J, Sadler B, et al. Single-dose pharmacokinetics of amprenavir, a HIV-1 protease inhibi-tor, in subjects with normal or impaired hepatic function. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2000;44:821–826.
- Gatti F, Nasta P, Lorengian A, et al. Unboosted fosampre-navir is associated with low drug exposure in HIV-infected patients with mild-moderate liver impairment for HCV-related cirrhosis. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract LB–01.
- Guaraldi G, Squillace N, Stentarelli C, et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in HIV-infected patients referred to a metabolic clinic: Prevalence, characteristics and predic-tors. Clin Infect Dis. 2008;47:250–257.
- Clark J. The epidemiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adults. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2006;40(Suppl 1): 5–10.
- Merchante N, del Valle J, Mira J, et al. Insulin resistance is associated with liver stiffness in HIV/HCV coinfected patients. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 1.
- Bruno R, Sacchi P, Maiocchi L, et al. Correlation among liver stiffness, FIB-4 and metabolic parameters in patients with HIV and hepatitis C virus coinfection. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 4.
- Cacoub P, Carrat F, Bedossa P, et al. Insulin resistance impairs sustained response rate to peginterferon plus riba-virin in HIV-HCV co-infected patients: HOMAVIC-ANRS HC-02 study. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th Interna-tional Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 2.
- Nasta P, Gatti F, Borghi F, et al. Metabolic profile is a key factor for virologic success of peginterferon alpha 2a/ ribavirin treatment in HIV/HCV co-infected patients. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 37.
- Maida I, Nuriez M, Rios MJ, et al. Severe liver disease associated with prolonged exposure to antiretroviral drugs. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2006;42:177–182.
- Mallet V, Blanchard P, Verkarre V, et al. Nodular regenera-tive hyperplasia is a new cause of chronic liver disease in HIV-infected patients. AIDS. 2007;21:187–192.
- Schiano T, Kotler D, Ferran E, Fiel M. Hepatoportal sclerosis as a cause of non-cirrhotic portal hypertension in patients with HIV. Am J GastroenteroL 2007;102:2356–2540.
- Maida I, Garcia-Gascó P, Sotgiu G, et al. Antiretroviral-associated portal hypertension: A new clinical condi-tion? Prevalence, predictors and outcome. Antivir Ther. 2008;13:103–107.
- Saifee S, Joelson D, Braude J, et al. Noncirrhotic portal hypertension in patients with HIV infection. Clin Gastroen-tarot HepatoL 2008;6:1167–1169.
- Maida I, Vispo ME, Sotgiu G, et al. Severe portal hyperten-sion in HIV patients with no primary liver disease: Preva-lence, histology and potential etiology. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 10.
- Panos G, Holmes P, Valero S, et al. Cryptogenic pseudo-cirrhosis: A new clinical syndrome of non-cirrhotic portal hypertension (unassociated with advanced fibrosis) in patients with HIV that can be detected by transient alas-tography in differential diagnosis from HCV coinfection. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 24.
- Vispo E, Maida I, Barreiro P, Moreno V, Soriano V. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding may unmask didanosine-associated portal hepatopathy in HIV/HCV co-infected patients. In: Program and abstracts of the 4th International Coinfection Workshop; June 19–21, 2008; Madrid, Spain. Abstract 11.