2
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Technical Paper

Dose Response in Radiation-Induced Human Carcinogenesis: Accumulated Data Do Not Yet Solve the Enigma

Pages 81-93 | Published online: 13 May 2017

References

  • BEIR III, Committee on the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiations, National Research Council, The Effects on Populations of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C. (1980).
  • JOHN CAIRNS, “The Origin of Human Cancers,” Nature, 289, 353 (1981).
  • “Two Views of the Causes of Cancers,” Nature, 289, 431 (1981).
  • S. S. EPSTEIN and J. B. SWARTZ, “Fallacies of Lifestyle Cancer Theories,” Nature, 289, 127 (1981).
  • K. ILLMENSEE and L. C. STEVENS, “Teratomas and Chimeras,” Sci. Am., 240, 121 (1979).
  • A. C. UPTON, “Radiobiological Effects of Low Doses. Implications for Radiological Protection,” Radiat. Res., 71, 51 (1977).
  • CHARLES E. LAND, “Estimating Cancer Risks from Low Doses of Ionizing Radiation,” Science, 209, 1197 (1980).
  • A. M. KELLERER and H. H. ROSSI, “The Theory of Dual Radiation Action,” Radiat. Res., Q.8, 85 (1972).
  • A. M. KELLERER and H. H. ROSSI, “A Generalized Formulation of Dual Radiation Action,” Radiat. Res., 75, 471 (1978).
  • B. A. BRIDGES and D. G. HARNDEN, “Untangling Ataxia-telangiectasia,” Nature, 289, 222 (1981).
  • A. F. COHEN and B. L. COHEN, “Tests of the Linearity Assumption in the Dose-Effect Relationship for Radiation Induced Cancer,” Health Phys., 38, 53 (1980).
  • R. B. McPHERSON, “Environmental Radon and Radon Dosimetry in the Respiratory Tract,” Health Phys., 39, 929 (1980).
  • V. E. ARCHER, E. P. RADFORD, O. AXELSON, and H. JORGENSEN, “Frequency of Different Histological Types of Bronchiogenic Carcinoma as Related to Radiation Exposure,” Cancer, 34, 2056 (1974).
  • National Research Council, Advisory Committee on the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiations, The Effects of Ionizing Radiation, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C. (1972).
  • R. D. EVANS, J. H. HARLEY, W. JACOBI, A. S. McLEAN, W. A. MILLS, and C. G. STEWART, “Estimate of Risk from Environmental Exposure to Radon-222 and Its Decay Products,” Nature, 290, 98 (1981).
  • United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation, “Ionizing Radiation: Sources and Biological Effects,” United Nations, New York (1982).
  • C. D. HOLLOWELL, M. L. BOEGEL, J. G. INGERSOLL, and W. G. NAZAROFF, “Radon-222 in Energy Efficient Buildings,” Trans. Am. Nucl. Soc., 33, 148 (1979).
  • BERNARD L. COHEN, “Health Effects of Radon from Insulation of Buildings,” Health Phys., 39, 937 (1980).
  • S. FINCH and H. B. HAMILTON, “Atomic Bomb Radiation Studies in Japan,” Science, 192, 4242, 845 (1976).
  • W. J. SCHULL, M. OTAKE, and J. V. NEAL, “Genetic Effects of the Atomic Bombs: A Reappraisal,” Science, 213, 1220 (1981).
  • S. OKADA, H. B. HAMILTON, N. EGAMI, S. OKAJIMA, W. J. RUSSELL, and K. TAKESHITA, “A Review of Thirty Years Study of Hiroshima and Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Survivors,” J. Radiat. Res. (Tokyo), 16 (Supplement), 1 (1975).
  • E. MARSHALL, “New A-Bomb Studies Alter Radiation Estimates,” Science, 212, 900 (1981).
  • E. MARSHALL, “New A-Bomb Data Shown to Radiation Experts,” Science, 212, 1364 (1981).
  • W. LOEWE and E. MENDELSOHN, “Revised Dose Estimates at Hiroshima and Nagasaki,” Health Phys., 41, 663 (1981).
  • T. STRAUME and R. L. DOBSON, “Implications of New Hiroshima and Nagasaki Dose Estimates: Cancer Risks and Neutron RBE,” Health Phys., 41, 666 (1981).
  • W. E. LOEWE and E. MENDELSOHN, “Radiation Estimates,” Science, 213, 6 (1981).
  • M. ICHIMARU, T. ISHIMARU, and J. L. BELSKY, “Incidence of Leukemia in Atomic Bomb Survivors Belonging to a Fixed Cohort in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, 1950–71. Radiation Dose, Years After Exposure, Age at Exposure, and Type of Leukemia,” J. Radiat. Res. (Tokyo), 19, 262 (1978).
  • B. MacMAHON, “Prenatal X-Ray Exposure and Childhood Cancer,” J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 28, 1173 (1962).
  • A. STEWART and G. W. KNEALE, “Radiation Dose Effects in Relation to Obstetric X-Rays and Childhood Cancers,” Lancet, 1, 1185 (1970).
  • E. SHORE, L. H. HEMPELMANN, E. KOWALUK, P. S. MANSUR, B. S. PASTERNACK, R. E. ALBERT, and G. E. HAUGHIE, “Breast Neoplasma in Women Treated with X-Rays for Acute Postpartum Mastitis,” J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 59, 813 (1977).
  • P. G. SMITH and R. DOLL, “Age- and Time-Dependent Changes in the Rates of Radiation-Induced Cancers in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis Following a Single Course of X-Ray Treatment,” Late Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation, p. 205, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna (1978).
  • R. E. SHORE, R. E. ALBERT, and B. S. PASTERNACK, “Follow-Up Study of Patients Treated by X-Ray Epilation for Tinea Capitis,” Arch. Environ. Health, 31, 17 (1976).
  • “Interagency Task Force on the Health Effects of Ionizing Radiation Report of the Work Group on Science,” U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Washington, D.C. (1979).
  • J. D. BOICE, Jr., C. E. LAND, R. E. SHORE, J. E. NORMAN, and M. TOKUNAGA, “Risk of Breast Cancer Following Low-Dose Exposure,” Radiology, 131, 589 (1979).
  • C. J. SHELLABARGER, R. D. BROWN, A. R. RAO, J. P. SHANLEY, V. P. BOND, A. M. KELLERER, H. H. ROSSI, L. J. GOODMAN, and R. E. MILLS, “Rat Mammary Carcinogenesis Following Neutron or X-Radiation,” Biological Effects of Neutron Irradiation, p. 391, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna (1974).
  • L. J. DeGROOT, L. A. FROHMAN, E. L. KAPLAN, and S. R. REFETOFF, Eds., Radiation-Associated Thyroid Carcinoma, Grune & Stratton, New York (1977).
  • R. E. SHORE, E. D. WOODARD, B. S. PASTERNACK, and L. H. HEMPELMANN, “Radiation and Host Factors in Human Thyroid Tumors Following Thymus Irradiation,” Health Phys., 38, 451 (1980).
  • T. F. MANCUSO, A. STEWART, and G. KNEALE, “Radiation Exposures of Hanford Workers Dying from Cancer and Other Causes,” Health Phys., 33, 369 (1977).
  • National Research Council, Advisory Committee on the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiations, The Effects on Populations of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C. (1972).
  • E. S. GILBERT and S. MARKS, “Cancer Mortality in Hanford Workers,” Radiat. Res., 79, 122 (1979).
  • G. B. HUTCHINSON, B. MacMAHON, S. JABLON, and C. E. LAND, “Review of Report by Mancuso, Stewart, and Kneale of Radiation Exposure of Hanford Workers,” Health Phys., 37, 207 (1979).
  • T. NAJARIAN and T. COLTON, “Mortality from Leukemia and Cancer in Shipyard Nuclear Workers,” Lancet, 1, 1018 (1978).
  • J. L. LYON, M. R. KLAUBER, J. W. GARDNER, and K. S. UDALL, New England J. Med, 300, 397 (1979).
  • BERNARD L. COHEN, “The Cancer Risk from Low-Level Radiation,” Health Phys., 39, 659 (1980).
  • DAVID DICKSON, “Melanoma Increase in Radiation Labs?,” Nature, 287, 475 (1980).
  • UNSCEAR 77 United Nations Scientific Committee on Effects of Atomic Radiation, “Sources and Effects of Ionizing Radiation,” United Nations, New York (1977).
  • M. W. CHARLES and PATRICIA J. LINDOP, “Risk Assessment Without the Bombs,” J. Soc. Radiolog. Protection, 1, 15 (1981).
  • International Commission on Radiological Protection, Limits for Intake of Radionuclides by Workers, A Report by Committee 2, Pergamon Press, New York (1978).
  • ARTHUR C. UPTON, “The Biological Effects of Low-Level Ionizing Radiation,” ScL Am., 246, 29 (1982).
  • G. J. BRISCOE, “Futility of Epidemiological Studies of Radiation Effects,” Health Phys., 38, 863 (1980).
  • KARL Z. MORGAN, “How Dangerous Is Low-Level Radiation?,” New Scientist, 82, 18 (1979).
  • BERNARD L. COHEN, “Society’s Valuation of Life Saving in Radiation Protection and Other Contexts,” Health Phys., 38, 33 (1980).
  • GIO BATTA GORI, “The Regulation of Carcinogenic Hazards,” Science, 208, 256 (1980).

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.