Advanced search
Publication Cover
Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy Volume 10, 2009 - Issue 11
Submit an article Journal homepage
170
Views
12
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Reviews

Evidence-Based Treatment Of Chronic Immune-Mediated Neuropathies

Laurent Magy Service de Neurologie, CHU Limoges, 2 Avenue Martin Luther King, 87042 Limoges Cedex, France +33 5 55 05 65 61; +33 5 55 05 65 67; [email protected]
, MD PhD &
Jean-Michel Vallat Service de Neurologie, CHU Limoges, 2 Avenue Martin Luther King, 87042 Limoges Cedex, France +33 5 55 05 65 61; +33 5 55 05 65 67; [email protected]
, MD
Pages 1741-1754 | Published online: 14 Jul 2009

Bibliography

  • Kieseier BC, Kiefer R, Gold R, et al. Advances in understanding and treatment of immune-mediated disorders of the peripheral nervous system. Muscle Nerve 2004;30(2):131-56
  • Van den Berg-Vos RM, Van den Berg LH, Franssen H, et al. Multifocal inflammatory demyelinating neuropathy: a distinct clinical entity? Neurology 2000;54(1):26-32
  • Mccombe PA, Pollard JD, Mcleod JG. Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. A clinical and electrophysiological study of 92 cases. Brain 1987;110( Pt 6):1617-30
  • Dyck PJ, Lais AC, Ohta M, et al. Chronic inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy. Mayo Clin Proc 1975;50:621-37
  • Maisonobe T, Chassande B, Verin M, et al. Chronic dysimmune demyelinating polyneuropathy: a clinical and electrophysiological study of 93 patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1996;61(1):36-42
  • Simmons Z, Albers JW, Bromberg MB, Feldman EL. Presentation and initial clinical course in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy: comparison of patients without and with monoclonal gammopathy. Neurology 1993;43(11):2202-9
  • Boukhris S, Magy L, Khalil M, et al. Pain as the presenting symptom of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP). J Neurol Sci 2007;254(1-2):33-8
  • Oh SJ, Joy JL, Kuruoglu R. “Chronic sensory demyelinating neuropathy”: chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy presenting as a pure sensory neuropathy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1992;55(8):677-80
  • Sabatelli M, Madia F, Mignogna T, et al. Pure motor chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. J Neurol 2001;248(9):772-7
  • Uncini A, Di Muzio A, De Angelis MV, et al. Minimal and asymptomatic chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. Clin Neurophysiol 1999;110(4):694-8
  • Lewis RA, Sumner AJ, Brown MJ, Asbury AK. Multifocal demyelinating neuropathy with persistent conduction block. Neurology 1982;32(9):958-64
  • Oh SJ, Laganke C, Powers R, et al. Multifocal motor sensory demyelinating neuropathy: inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. Neurology 2005;65(10):1639-42
  • Antoine JC, Azulay JP, Créange A, et al. French CIDP study group. Recommendations on diagnostic strategies for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2008;79(2):115-8
  • Austin JH. Recurrent polyneuropathies and their corticosteroïd treatment. Brain 1958;81:11-192
  • Dyck PJ, O'Brien PC, Oviatt KF, et al. Prednisone improves chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy more than no treatment. Ann Neurol 1982;11:136-41
  • Mehndiratta MM, Hughes RA. Corticosteroids for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002;1:CD002062
  • Gorson KC, Allam G, Ropper AH. Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: clinical features and response to treatment in 67 consecutive patients with and without a monoclonal gammopathy. Neurology 1997;48(2):321-8
  • Simmons Z, Albers JW, Bromberg MB, Feldman EL. Long-term follow-up of patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, without and with monoclonal gammopathy. Brain 1995;118 (Pt 2):359-68
  • Hughes R, Bensa S, Willison H, et al. Randomized controlled trial of intravenous immunoglobulin versus oral prednisolone in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. Ann Neurol 2001;50(2):195-201
  • Joint task force of the EFNS and the PNS. European Federation of Neurological Societies/Peripheral Nerve Society Guideline on management of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. Report of a joint task force of the European Federation of Neurological Societies and the Peripheral Nerve Society. J Peripher Nerv Syst 2005;10(3):220-8
  • Molenaar DS, van Doorn PA, Vermeulen M. Pulsed high dose dexamethasone treatment in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: a pilot study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1997;62(4):388-90
  • Muley SA, Kelkar P, Parry GJ. Treatment of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy with pulsed oral steroids. Arch Neurol 2008;65(11):1460-4
  • Nobile-Orazio E. Treatment of dys-immune neuropathies. J Neurol 2005;252(4):385-95
  • Dyck PJ, Daube J, O'Brien P, et al. Plasma exchange in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. N Engl J Med 1986;314(8):461-5
  • Hahn AF, Bolton CF, Pillay N, et al. Plasma-exchange therapy in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. A double-blind, sham-controlled, cross-over study. Brain 1996;119( Pt 4):1055-66
  • Mehndiratta MM, Hughes RA, Agarwal P. Plasma exchange for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004;3:CD003906
  • Cornblath DR, Chaudhry V, Griffin JW. Treatment of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy with intravenous immunoglobulin. Ann Neurol 1991;30(1):104-6
  • van Doorn PA. Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1994;57(Suppl):38-42
  • Hahn AF, Bolton CF, Zochodne D, Feasby TE. Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. Brain 1996;119(Pt 4):1067-77
  • Mendell JR, Barohn RJ, Freimer ML, et al. Randomized controlled trial of IVIg in untreated chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. Neurology 2001;56(4):445-9
  • Thompson N, Choudhary P, Hughes RA, Quinlivan RM. A novel trial design to study the effect of intravenous immunoglobulin in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. J Neurol 1996;243(3):280-5
  • Vermeulen M, van Doorn PA, Brand A, et al. Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: a double blind, placebo controlled study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1993;56(1):36-9
  • Dyck PJ, Litchy WJ, Kratz KM, et al. A plasma exchange versus immune globulin infusion trial in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. Ann Neurol 1994;36(6):838-45
  • Van Schaik IN, Winer JB, De Haan R, Vermeulen M. Intravenous immunoglobulin for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002;2:CD001797
  • van Schaik IN, Winer JB, de Haan R, Vermeulen M. Intravenous immunoglobulin for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy: a systematic review. Lancet Neurol 2002;1(8):491-8
  • van Doorn PA, Brand A, Strengers PF, et al. High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Neurology 1990;40(2):209-12
  • Choudhary PP, Hughes RA. Long-term treatment of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy with plasma exchange or intravenous immunoglobulin. QJM 1995;88(7):493-502
  • Kuwabara S, Misawa S, Mori M, et al. Long term prognosis of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: a five year follow up of 38 cases. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2006;77(1):66-70
  • Rajabally YA, Seow H, Wilson P. Dose of intravenous immunoglobulins in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. J Peripher Nerv Syst 2006;11(4):325-9
  • Hughes RA, Donofrio P, Bril V, et al. Intravenous immune globulin (10% caprylate-chromatography purified) for the treatment of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (ICE study): a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Neurol 2008;7(2):136-44
  • Dyck PJ, O'Brien P, Swanson C, et al. Combined azathioprine and prednisone in chronic inflammatory-demyelinating polyneuropathy. Neurology 1985;35(8):1173-6
  • Brannagan TH 3rd, Pradhan A, Heiman-Patterson T, et al. High-dose cyclophosphamide without stem-cell rescue for refractory CIDP. Neurology 2002;58(12):1856-8
  • Gladstone DE, Prestrud AA, Brannagan TH. High-dose cyclophosphamide results in long-term disease remission with restoration of a normal quality of life in patients with severe refractory chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. J Peripher Nerv Syst 2005;10(1):11-6
  • Good JL, Chehrenama M, Mayer RF, Koski CL. Pulse cyclophosphamide therapy in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. Neurology 1998;51(6):1735-8
  • Vermeulen M, Van Oers MH. Successful autologous stem cell transplantation in a patient with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2002;72(1):127-8
  • Axelson HW, Oberg G, Askmark H. Successful repeated treatment with high dose cyclophosphamide and autologous blood stem cell transplantation in CIDP. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2008;79(5):612-4
  • Benedetti L, Grandis M, Nobbio L, et al. Mycophenolate mofetil in dysimmune neuropathies: a preliminary study. Muscle Nerve 2004;29(5):748-9
  • Gorson KC, Amato AA, Ropper AH. Efficacy of mycophenolate mofetil in patients with chronic immune demyelinating polyneuropathy. Neurology 2004;63(4):715-7
  • Mowzoon N, Sussman A, Bradley WG. Mycophenolate (CellCept) treatment of myasthenia gravis, chronic inflammatory polyneuropathy and inclusion body myositis. J Neurol Sci 2001;185(2):119-22
  • Radziwill AJ, Schweikert K, Kuntzer T, et al. Mycophenolate mofetil for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy: An open-label study. Eur Neurol 2006;56(1):37-8
  • Umapathi T, Hughes R. Mycophenolate in treatment-resistant inflammatory neuropathies. Eur J Neurol 2002;9(6):683-5
  • Fialho D, Chan YC, Allen DC, et al. Treatment of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy with methotrexate. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2006;77(4):544-7
  • Diaz-Manera J, Rojas-Garcia R, Gallardo E, Illa I. Response to methotrexate in a chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy patient. Muscle Nerve 2009;39(3):386-8
  • RMC trial group: Mahdi-Rogers M, Rutterford C, Hughes RA, et al. Randomised controlled trial of methotrexate for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (RMC trial): a pilot, multicentre study. Lancet Neurol 2009;8(2):158-64
  • Barnett MH, Pollard JD, Davies L, Mcleod JG. Cyclosporin A in resistant chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. Muscle Nerve 1998;21(4):454-60
  • Mahattanakul W, Crawford TO, Griffin JW, et al. Treatment of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy with cyclosporin-A. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1996;60(2):185-7
  • Odaka M, Tatsumoto M, Susuki K, et al. Intractable chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy treated successfully with ciclosporin. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2005;76(8):1115-20
  • Hadden RD, Sharrack B, Bensa S, et al. Randomized trial of interferon beta-1a in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. Neurology 1999;53(1):57-61
  • Vallat JM, Hahn AF, Leger JM, et al. Interferon beta-1a as an investigational treatment for CIDP. Neurology 2003;60(8 Suppl 3):S23-8
  • Gorson KC, Allam G, Simovic D, Ropper AH. Improvement following interferon-alpha 2A in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. Neurology 1997;48(3):777-80
  • Harada H, Ohkoshi N, Fujita Y, et al. Clinical improvement following interferon-alpha alone as an initial treatment in CIDP. Muscle Nerve 2000;23(2):295-6
  • Chin RL, Sherman WH, Sander HW, et al. Etanercept (Enbrel) therapy for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. J Neurol Sci 2003;210(1-2):19-21
  • Benedetti L, Franciotta D, Beronio A, et al. Rituximab efficacy in CIDP associated with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Muscle Nerve 2008;38(2):1076-7
  • Briani C, Zara G, Zambello R, et al. Rituximab-responsive CIDP. Eur J Neurol 2004;11(11):788
  • Gono T, Matsuda M, Shimojima Y, et al. Rituximab therapy in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy with anti-SGPG IgM antibody. J Clin Neurosci 2006;13(6):683-7
  • Knecht H, Baumberger M, Tobon A, Steck A. Sustained remission of CIDP associated with Evans syndrome. Neurology 2004;63(4):730-2
  • Munch C, Anagnostou P, Meyer R, Haas J. Rituximab in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy associated with diabetes mellitus. J Neurol Sci 2007;256(1-2):100-2
  • Gorson KC, Natarajan N, Ropper AH, Weinstein R. Rituximab treatment in patients with IVIg-dependent immune polyneuropathy: a prospective pilot trial. Muscle Nerve 2007;35(1):66-9
  • Chad DA, Hammer K, Sargent J. Slow resolution of multifocal weakness and fasciculation: a reversible motor neuron syndrome. Neurology 1986;36(9):1260-3
  • Parry GJ, Clarke S. Multifocal acquired demyelinating neuropathy masquerading as motor neuron disease. Muscle Nerve 1988;11(2):103-7
  • Pestronk A, Cornblath DR, Ilyas AA, et al. A treatable multifocal motor neuropathy with antibodies to GM1 ganglioside. Ann Neurol 1988;24(1):73-8
  • Roth G, Rohr J, Magistris MR, Ochsner F. Motor neuropathy with proximal multifocal persistent conduction block, fasciculations and myokymia. Evolution to tetraplegia. Eur Neurol 1986;25(6):416-23
  • Nobile-Orazio E. Multifocal motor neuropathy. J Neuroimmunol 2001;115(1-2):4-18
  • Bouche P, Le Forestier N, Maisonobe T, et al. Electrophysiological diagnosis of motor neuron disease and pure motor neuropathy. J Neurol 1999;246(7):520-5
  • Bouche P, Moulonguet A, Younes-Chennoufi AB, et al. Multifocal motor neuropathy with conduction block: a study of 24 patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1995;59(1):38-44
  • Pakiam AS, Parry GJ. Multifocal motor neuropathy without overt conduction block. Muscle Nerve 1998;21(2):243-5
  • Saperstein DS, Katz JS, Amato AA, Barohn RJ. Clinical spectrum of chronic acquired demyelinating polyneuropathies. Muscle Nerve 2001;24(3):311-24
  • Chaudhry V, Corse AM, Cornblath DR, et al. Multifocal motor neuropathy: response to human immune globulin. Ann Neurol 1993;33(3):237-42
  • Nobile-Orazio E, Meucci N, Barbieri S, et al. High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in multifocal motor neuropathy. Neurology 1993;43(3 Pt 1):537-44
  • Azulay JP, Blin O, Pouget J, et al. Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in patients with motor neuron syndromes associated with anti-GM1 antibodies: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Neurology 1994;44(3 Pt 1):429-32
  • Federico P, Zochodne DW, Hahn AF, et al. Multifocal motor neuropathy improved by IVIg: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Neurology 2000;55(9):1256-62
  • Leger JM, Chassande B, Musset L, et al. Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in multifocal motor neuropathy: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Brain 2001;124(Pt 1):145-53
  • Van den Berg LH, Kerkhoff H, Oey PL, et al. Treatment of multifocal motor neuropathy with high dose intravenous immunoglobulins: a double blind, placebo controlled study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1995;59(3):248-52
  • Leger JM, Viala K, Cancalon F, et al. Intravenous immunoglobulin as short- and long-term therapy of multifocal motor neuropathy: a retrospective study of response to IVIg and of its predictive criteria in 40 patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2008;79(1):93-6
  • van Doorn PA, van der Meche FG. IVIg treatment improves multifocal motor neuropathy: easy to start but difficult to stop. Neurology 2000;55(9):1246-7
  • Slee M, Selvan A, Donaghy M. Multifocal motor neuropathy: the diagnostic spectrum and response to treatment. Neurology 2007;69(17):1680-7
  • Nobile-Orazio E, Cappellari A, Meucci N, et al. Multifocal motor neuropathy: clinical and immunological features and response to IVIg in relation to the presence and degree of motor conduction block. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2002;72(6):761-6
  • Van den Berg-Vos RM, Franssen H, Wokke JH, et al. Multifocal motor neuropathy: diagnostic criteria that predict the response to immunoglobulin treatment. Ann Neurol 2000;48(6):919-26
  • Van den Berg LH, Franssen H, Wokke JH. The long-term effect of intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in multifocal motor neuropathy. Brain 1998;121(Pt 3):421-8
  • van Schaik IN, van den Berg LH, de Haan R, Vermeulen M. Intravenous immunoglobulin for multifocal motor neuropathy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005;2:CD004429
  • Terenghi F, Cappellari A, Bersano A, et al. How long is IVIg effective in multifocal motor neuropathy? Neurology 2004;62(4):666-8
  • Van den Berg-Vos RM, Franssen H, Wokke JH, Van den Berg LH. Multifocal motor neuropathy: long-term clinical and electrophysiological assessment of intravenous immunoglobulin maintenance treatment. Brain 2002;125(Pt 8):1875-86
  • Vucic S, Black K, Chong PS, Cros D. Multifocal motor neuropathy with conduction block: Distribution of demyelination and axonal degeneration. Clin Neurophysiol 2007;118(1):124-30
  • Azulay JP, Rihet P, Pouget J, et al. Long term follow up of multifocal motor neuropathy with conduction block under treatment. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1997;62(4):391-4
  • Donaghy M, Mills KR, Boniface SJ, et al. Pure motor demyelinating neuropathy: deterioration after steroid treatment and improvement with intravenous immunoglobulin. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1994;57(7):778-83
  • Kaji R, Shibasaki H, Kimura J. Multifocal demyelinating motor neuropathy: cranial nerve involvement and immunoglobulin therapy. Neurology 1992;42(3 Pt 1):506-9
  • Feldman EL, Bromberg MB, Albers JW, Pestronk A. Immunosuppressive treatment in multifocal motor neuropathy. Ann Neurol 1991;30(3):397-401
  • Carpo M, Cappellari A, Mora G, et al. Deterioration of multifocal motor neuropathy after plasma exchange. Neurology 1998;50(5):1480-2
  • Claus D, Specht S, Zieschang M. Plasmapheresis in multifocal motor neuropathy: a case report. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2000;68(4):533-5
  • Lehmann HC, Hoffmann FR, Fusshoeller A, et al. The clinical value of therapeutic plasma exchange in multifocal motor neuropathy. J Neurol Sci 2008;271(1-2):34-9
  • Umapathi T, Hughes RA, Nobile-Orazio E, Leger JM. Immunosuppressant and immunomodulatory treatments for multifocal motor neuropathy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005;3:CD003217
  • Meucci N, Cappellari A, Barbieri S, et al. Long term effect of intravenous immunoglobulins and oral cyclophosphamide in multifocal motor neuropathy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1997;63(6):765-9
  • Piepers S, Van den Berg-Vos R, Van der Pol WL, et al. Mycophenolate mofetil as adjunctive therapy for MMN patients: a randomized, controlled trial. Brain 2007;130(Pt 8):2004-10
  • Nemni R, Santuccio G, Calabrese E, et al. Efficacy of cyclosporine treatment in multifocal motor neuropathy. J Neurol 2003;250(9):1118-20
  • Hausmanowa-Petrusewicz I, Rowinska-Marcinska K, Kopec A. Chronic acquired demyelinating motor neuropathy. Acta Neurol Scand 1991;84(1):40-5
  • Krarup C, Stewart JD, Sumner AJ, et al. A syndrome of asymmetric limb weakness with motor conduction block. Neurology 1990;40(1):118-27
  • Martina IS, van Doorn PA, Schmitz PI, et al. Chronic motor neuropathies: response to interferon-beta1a after failure of conventional therapies. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1999;66(2):197-201
  • Van den Berg-Vos RM, Van den Berg LH, Franssen H, et al. Treatment of multifocal motor neuropathy with interferon-beta1A. Neurology 2000;54(7):1518-21
  • Ruegg SJ, Fuhr P, Steck AJ. Rituximab stabilizes multifocal motor neuropathy increasingly less responsive to IVIg. Neurology 2004;63(11):2178-9
  • Kelly JJ Jr, Kyle RA, O'Brien PC, Dyck PJ. Prevalence of monoclonal protein in peripheral neuropathy. Neurology 1981;31(11):1480-3
  • Gorson KC, Ropper AH. Axonal neuropathy associated with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1997;63(2):163-8
  • Kelly JJ. Peripheral neuropathies associated with monoclonal proteins: a clinical review. Muscle Nerve 1985;8(2):138-50
  • Di Troia A, Carpo M, Meucci N, et al. Clinical features and anti-neural reactivity in neuropathy associated with IgG monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. J Neurol Sci 1999;164(1):64-71
  • Hermosilla E, Lagueny A, Vital C, et al. Peripheral neuropathy associated with monoclonal IgG of undetermined significance: clinical, electrophysiologic, pathologic and therapeutic study of 14 cases. J Peripher Nerv Syst 1996;1(2):139-48
  • Magy L, Chassande B, Maisonobe T, et al. Polyneuropathy associated with IgG/IgA monoclonal gammopathy: a clinical and electrophysiological study of 15 cases. Eur J Neurol 2003;10(6):677-85
  • Joint task force of the EFNS and the PNS. European Federation of Neurological Societies/Peripheral Nerve Society Guideline on management of paraproteinemic demyelinating neuropathies. Report of a joint task force of the European Federation of Neurological Societies and the Peripheral Nerve Society. J Peripher Nerv Syst 2006;11(1):9-19
  • Dyck PJ, Low PA, Windebank AJ, et al. Plasma exchange in polyneuropathy associated with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. N Engl J Med 1991;325(21):1482-6
  • Gorson KC, Ropper AH, Weinberg DH, Weinstein R. Efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin in patients with IgG monoclonal gammopathy and polyneuropathy. Arch Neurol 2002;59(5):766-72
  • Allen D, Lunn MP, Niermeijer J, Nobile-Orazio E. Treatment for IgG and IgA paraproteinaemic neuropathy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007;1:CD005376
  • Kelly JJ, Adelman LS, Berkman E, Bhan I. Polyneuropathies associated with IgM monoclonal gammopathies. Arch Neurol 1988;45(12):1355-9
  • Braun PE, Frail DE, Latov N. Myelin-associated glycoprotein is the antigen for a monoclonal IgM in polyneuropathy. J Neurochem 1982;39(5):1261-5
  • Meucci N, Baldini L, Cappellari A, et al. Anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein antibodies predict the development of neuropathy in asymptomatic patients with IgM monoclonal gammopathy. Ann Neurol 1999;46(1):119-22
  • Gabriel JM, Erne B, Miescher GC, et al. Selective loss of myelin-associated glycoprotein from myelin correlates with anti-MAG antibody titre in demyelinating paraproteinaemic polyneuropathy. Brain 1996;119(Pt 3):775-87
  • Stalder AK, Erne B, Reimann R, et al. Immunoglobulin M deposition in cutaneous nerves of anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein polyneuropathy patients correlates with axonal degeneration. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2009;68(2):148-58
  • Hays AP, Latov N, Takatsu M, Sherman WH. Experimental demyelination of nerve induced by serum of patients with neuropathy and an anti-MAG IgM M-protein. Neurology 1987;37(2):242-56
  • Tatum AH. Experimental paraprotein neuropathy, demyelination by passive transfer of human IgM anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein. Ann Neurol 1993;33(5):502-6
  • Smith IS. The natural history of chronic demyelinating neuropathy associated with benign IgM paraproteinaemia. A clinical and neurophysiological study. Brain 1994;117(Pt 5):949-57
  • Nobile-Orazio E, Meucci N, Baldini L, et al. Long-term prognosis of neuropathy associated with anti-MAG IgM M-proteins and its relationship to immune therapies. Brain 2000;123(Pt 4)(7):710-7
  • Lunn MP, Nobile-Orazio E. Immunotherapy for IgM anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein paraprotein-associated peripheral neuropathies. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006;2:CD002827
  • Blume G, Pestronk A, Goodnough LT. Anti-MAG antibody-associated polyneuropathies: improvement following immunotherapy with monthly plasma exchange and IV cyclophosphamide. Neurology 1995;45(8):1577-80
  • Oksenhendler E, Chevret S, Leger JM, et al. Plasma exchange and chlorambucil in polyneuropathy associated with monoclonal IgM gammopathy. IgM-associated Polyneuropathy Study Group. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1995;59(3):243-7
  • Notermans NC, Lokhorst HM, Franssen H, et al. Intermittent cyclophosphamide and prednisone treatment of polyneuropathy associated with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Neurology 1996;47(5):1227-33
  • Wilson HC, Lunn MP, Schey S, Hughes RA. Successful treatment of IgM paraproteinaemic neuropathy with fludarabine. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1999;66(5):575-80
  • Dimopoulos MA, Anagnostopoulos A. Treatment of Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2007;8(2):144-53
  • Ghosh A, Littlewood T, Donaghy M. Cladribine in the treatment of IgM paraproteinemic polyneuropathy. Neurology 2002;59(8):1290-1
  • Rossi D, Franceschetti S, Cerri M, et al. Hairy cell leukaemia complicated by anti-MAG paraproteinemic demyelinating neuropathy: resolution of neurological syndrome after cladribrine treatment. Leuk Res 2007;31(6):873-6
  • Mariette X, Brouet JC, Chevret S, et al. A randomised double blind trial versus placebo does not confirm the benefit of alpha-interferon in polyneuropathy associated with monoclonal IgM. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2000;69(2):279-80
  • Comi G, Roveri L, Swan A, et al. A randomised controlled trial of intravenous immunoglobulin in IgM paraprotein associated demyelinating neuropathy. J Neurol 2002;249(10):1370-7
  • Dalakas MC, Quarles RH, Farrer RG, et al. A controlled study of intravenous immunoglobulin in demyelinating neuropathy with IgM gammopathy. Ann Neurol 1996;40(5):792-5
  • Hughes R. The role of IVIg in autoimmune neuropathies: the latest evidence. J Neurol 2008;255(Suppl 3):7-11
  • Zivkovic SA. Rituximab in the treatment of peripheral neuropathy associated with monoclonal gammopathy. Expert Rev Neurother 2006;6(9):1267-74
  • Treon SP, Anderson KC. The use of rituximab in the treatment of malignant and nonmalignant plasma cell disorders. Semin Oncol 2000;27(6 Suppl 12):79-85
  • Pestronk A, Florence J, Miller T, et al. Treatment of IgM antibody associated polyneuropathies using rituximab. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2003;74(4):485-9
  • Renaud S, Gregor M, Fuhr P, et al. Rituximab in the treatment of polyneuropathy associated with anti-MAG antibodies. Muscle Nerve 2003;27(5):611-5
  • Benedetti L, Briani C, Grandis M, et al. Predictors of response to rituximab in patients with neuropathy and anti-myelin associated glycoprotein immunoglobulin M. J Peripher Nerv Syst 2007;12(2):102-7
  • Benedetti L, Briani C, Franciotta D, et al. Long-term effect of rituximab in anti-mag polyneuropathy. Neurology 2008;71(21):1742-4
  • Renaud S, Fuhr P, Gregor M, et al. High-dose rituximab and anti-MAG-associated polyneuropathy. Neurology 2006;66(5):742-4
  • Dalakas MC, Rakocevic G, Salajegheh M, et al. Placebo-controlled trial of rituximab in IgM anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein antibody demyelinating neuropathy.Ann Neurol 2009;65(3):286-93
  • Koller H, Schroeter M, Kieseier BC, Hartung HP. Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy--update on pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria and therapy. Curr Opin Neurol 2005;18(3):273-8
  • Vallat JM, Magy L, Richard L, et al. Intranervous immunoglobulin deposits: an underestimated mechanism of neuropathy. Muscle Nerve 2008;38(1):904-11
  • Vallat JM, Magy L, Richard L, et al. Contribution of electron microscopy to the study of neuropathies associated with an IgG monoclonal paraproteinemia. Micron 2008;39(2):61-70
  • Koller H, Schroeter M, Feischen H, et al. Subcutaneous self-infusions of immunoglobulins as a potential therapeutic regimen in immune-mediated neuropathies. J Neurol 2006;253(11):1505-6
  • Lee DH, Linker RA, Paulus W, et al. Subcutaneous immunoglobulin infusion: a new therapeutic option in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. Muscle Nerve 2008;37(3):406-9
  • Harbo T, Andersen H, Hess A, et al. Subcutaneous versus intravenous immunoglobulin in multifocal motor neuropathy: a randomized, single-blinded cross-over trial. Eur J Neurol 2009;16(5):631-8
  • Coles AJ, Compston DA, Selmaj KW, et al. Alemtuzumab vs. interferon beta-1a in early multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med 2008;359(17):1786-801
  • Hirst C, Raasch S, Llewelyn G, Robertson N. Remission of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy after alemtuzumab (Campath 1H). J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2006;77(6):800-2
  • Kappos L, Antel J, Comi G, et al. Oral fingolimod (FTY720) for relapsing multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med 2006;355(11):1124-40
  • Buttmann M, Rieckmann P. Treating multiple sclerosis with monoclonal antibodies. Expert Rev Neurother 2008;8(3):433-55
  • Halstead SK, Zitman FM, Humphreys PD, et al. Eculizumab prevents anti-ganglioside antibody-mediated neuropathy in a murine model. Brain 2008;131(Pt 5):1197-208

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Order Reprints Request Corporate Permissions

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

Request Academic Permissions

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.