340
Views
21
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Reviews

Pharmacotherapy for acute pancreatitis

, MD
Pages 2999-3014 | Published online: 19 Nov 2009

Bibliography

  • Chiari H. Uber die Selbstverdauung des menschlichen Pankreas. Z Heilk 1896;17:69-96
  • Frossard JL. Trypsin activation peptide (TAP) in acute pancreatitis: from pathophysiology to clinical usefulness. JOP 2001;2:69-77
  • Kylanpaa-Back ML, Kemppainen E, Puolakkainen P. Trypsin-based laboratory methods and carboxypeptidase activation peptide in acute pancreatitis. JOP 2002;3:34-48
  • Otani T, Chepilko SM, Grendell JH, Gorelick FS. Codistribution of TAP and the granule membrane protein GRAMP-92 in rat caerulein-induced pancreatitis. Am J Physiol 1998;275:G999-1009
  • Kruger B, Albrecht E, Lerch MM. The role of intracellular calcium signaling in premature protease activation and the onset of pancreatitis. Am J Pathol 2000;157:43-50
  • Raraty M, Ward J, Erdemli G, Calcium-dependent enzyme activation and vacuole formation in the apical granular region of pancreatic acinar cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2000;97:13126-31
  • Hartwig W, Jimenez RE, Werner J, Interstitial trypsinogen release and its relevance to the transformation of mild into necrotizing pancreatitis in rats. Gastroenterology 1999;117:717-25
  • Al Mofleh IA. Severe acute pancreatitis: pathogenetic aspects and prognostic factors. World J Gastroenterol 2008;14:675-84
  • Pezzilli R, Billi P, Miniero R, Barakat B. Serum interleukin-10 in human acute pancreatitis. Dig Dis Sci 1997;42:1469-72
  • Griesbacher T. Kallikrein-kinin system in acute pancreatitis: potential of B(2)-bradykinin antagonists and kallikrein inhibitors. Pharmacology 2000;60:113-20
  • Uehara S, Honjyo K, Furukawa S, Role of the kallikrein-kinin system in human pancreatitis. Adv Exp Med Biol 1989;0:643-8
  • Balldin G, Eddeland A, Ohlsson K. Studies on the role of the plasma protease inhibitors on in vitro C3 activation and in acute pancreatitis. Scand J Gastroenterol 1981;16:603-9
  • Gloor B, Stahel PF, Muller CA, Predictive value of complement activation fragments C3a and sC5b-9 for development of severe disease in patients with acute pancreatitis. Scand J Gastroenterol 2003;38:1078-82
  • Maeda K, Hirota M, Ichihara A, Applicability of disseminated intravascular coagulation parameters in the assessment of the severity of acute pancreatitis. Pancreas 2006;32:87-92
  • Ghiani BU, Masini MA. Angiotensin II binding sites in the rat pancreas and their modulation after sodium loading and depletion. Comp Biochem Physiol A Physiol 1995;111:439-44
  • Tahmasebi M, Puddefoot JR, Inwang ER, Vinson GP. The tissue renin-angiotensin system in human pancreas. J Endocrinol 1999;161:317-22
  • Pezzilli R, Fantini L. Proteases of the renin-angiotensin system in human acute pancreatitis. In: Leung PS, editor, Frontiers in research of the renin-angiotensin system on human disease. Springer-Verlag (London) Ltd; 2007. p. 55-71
  • Leung PS, Chan HC, Fu LX, Wong PY. Localization of angiotensin II receptor subtypes AT1 and AT2 in the pancreas of rodents. J Endocrinol 1997;153:269-74
  • Leung PS, Chan WP, Nobiling R. Regulated expression of pancreatic renin-angiotensin system in experimental pancreatitis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2000;166:121-8
  • Berry C, Hamilton CA, Brosnan J, Investigation into the sources of superoxide in human blood vessels: angiotensin II increases superoxide production in human internal mammary arteries. Circulation 2000;101:2206-12
  • Fernandez-del Castillo C, Harringer W, Warshaw AL, Risk factors for pancreatic cellular injury after cardiopulmonary bypass. N Engl J Med 1991;325:382-7
  • Pezzilli R, Corsi MM, Barassi A, Serum adhesion molecules in acute pancreatitis: time course and early assessment of disease severity. Pancreas 2008;37:36-41
  • Keck T, Friebe V, Warshaw AL, Pancreatic proteases in serum induce leukocyte-endothelial adhesion and pancreatic microcirculatory failure. Pancreatology 2005;5:241-50
  • Chien KR, Abrams J, Serroni A, Accelerated phospholipid degradation and associated membrane dysfunction in irreversible, ischemic liver cell injury. J Biol Chem 1978;253:4809-17
  • Machado MC, Coelho AM, Pontieri V, Local and systemic effects of hypertonic solution (NaCl 7.5%) in experimental acute pancreatitis. Pancreas 2006;32:80-6
  • Ward A, Clissold SP. Pentoxifylline. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and its therapeutic efficacy. Drugs 1987;34:50-97
  • Huh PW, Kotasek D, Jacob HS, Mechanism of action of pentoxifylline in peripheral vascular disease: inhibition of platelet and granulocyte responsiveness. Clin Res 1985;33:866-78
  • Dorizil-Dudzik M, Mika J, Schafer MK, The effects of local pentoxifylline and propentoxifylline treatment on formalin-induced pain and tumor necrosis factor-alpha messenger RNA levels in inflamed tissue of the rat paw. Anesth Analg 2004;98:1566-73
  • Ji Q, Zhang L, Jia H, Xu J. Pentoxifylline inhibits endotoxin-induced NF-kappa B activation and associated production of proinflammatory cytokines. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2004;34:427-36
  • Matheus AS, Coelho AM, Sampietre S, Do the effects of pentoxifylline on the inflammatory process and pancreatic infection justify its use in acute pancreatitis? Pancreatology 2009;9:687-93
  • Beger HG, Bittner R, Block S, Buchler M. Bacterial contamination of pancreatic necrosis. A prospective clinical study. Gastroenterology 1986;91:433-8
  • Ammori BJ, Leeder PC, King RF, Early increase in intestinal permeability in patients with severe acute pancreatitis: correlation with endotoxemia, organ failure, and mortality. J Gastrointest Surg 1999;3:252-62
  • Pezzilli R, Billi P, Beltrandi E, Circulating lymphocyte subsets in human acute pancreatitis. Pancreas 1995;11:95-100
  • Pezzilli R, Billi P, Beltrandi E, Impaired lymphocyte proliferation in human acute pancreatitis. Digestion 1997;58:431-6
  • Liddle RA, Nathan JD. Neurogenic inflammation and pancreatitis. Pancreatology 2004;4:551-9
  • Pezzilli R, Uomo G, Zerbi A, Diagnosis and treatment of acute pancreatitis: the position statement of the Italian Association for the study of the pancreas. Dig Liver Dis 2008;40:803-8
  • Fagenholz PJ, Fernandez del Castillo C, Stuart Harris N, Direct medical costs of acute pancreatitis hospitalizations in the United States. Pancreas 2007;35:302-7
  • Uomo G, Pezzilli R, Gabbrielli A, Diagnostic assessment and outcome of acute pancreatitis in Italy: results of a prospective multicentre study. ProInf-AISP: Progetto informatizzato pancreatite acuta, Associazione Italiana Studio Pancreas, phase II. Dig Liver Dis 2007;39:829-37
  • Pezzilli R, Ceciliato R, Corinaldesi R. The pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis: from basic research to the bedside. Osp Ital Chir 2004;10:314-23
  • Pezzilli R, Fantini L, Morselli-Labate AM. New approaches for the treatment of acute pancreatitis. JOP 2006;7:79-91
  • Cavallini G, Frulloni L, Bassi C, Prospective multicentre survey on acute pancreatitis in Italy (ProInf-AISP): results on 1005 patients. Dig Liver Dis 2004;36:205-11
  • Bradley EL III. A clinically based classification system for acute pancreatitis. Summary of the International Symposium on Acute Pancreatitis, Atlanta, Ga, September 11 through 13, 1992. Arch Surg 1993;128:586-90
  • Imrie CW. Prognostic indicators in acute pancreatitis. Can J Gastroenterol 2003;17:325-8
  • Talamini G, Uomo G, Pezzilli R, Serum creatinine and chest radiographs in the early assessment of acute pancreatitis. Am J Surg 1999;177:7-14
  • Ros PR, Bree RL, Foley WD, Acute pancreatitis. American College of Radiology (ACR). National Guideline Clearinghouse. Available from: http://www.guideline.gov 2006
  • Pezzilli R, Billi P, Miniero R, Serum interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and beta 2-microglobulin in early assessment of severity of acute pancreatitis. Comparison with serum C-reactive protein. Dig Dis Sci 1995;40:2341-8
  • Nordback I, Sand J, Andrén-Sandberg A. Criteria for alcoholic pancreatitis. Results of an international workshop in Tampere, Finland, June 2006. Pancreatology 2007;7:100-4
  • Pezzilli R, Uomo G, Gabbrielli A, A prospective multicentre survey on the treatment of acute pancreatitis in Italy. Dig Liver Dis 2007;39:838-46
  • Pezzilli R, Bellacosa L, Felicani C. Lung injury in acute pancreatitis. JOP 2009;10:481-4
  • Malik AB. Pulmonary edema after pancreatitis: role of humoral factors. Circ Shock 1983;10:71-80
  • Chiumello D, Cressoni M. Respirator management of sepsis-related respiratory failure. Curr Infect Dis Rep 2009;11:365-71
  • Payen DM. Inhaled nitric oxide and acute lung injury. Clin Chest Med 2000;21:519-29
  • Moriguchi T, Hirasawa H, Oda S, A patient with severe acute pancreatitis successfully treated with a new critical care procedure. Ther Apher 2002;6:221-4
  • Nakase H, Itani T, Mimura J, Successful treatment of severe acute pancreatitis by the combination therapy of continuous arterial infusion of a protease inhibitor and continuous hemofiltration. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2001;16:944-5
  • Oda S, Hirasawa H, Shiga H, Management of intra-abdominal hypertension in patients with severe acute pancreatitis with continuous hemodiafiltration using a polymethyl methacrylate membrane hemofilter. Ther Apher Dial 2005;9:355-61
  • Imrie CW, Benjamin IS, Ferguson JC, A single-centre, double blind trial of trasylol therapy in primary acute pancreatitis. Br J Surg 1978;65:337-40
  • Buchler M, Malfertheiner P, Uhl W, Gabexate mesilate in human acute pancreatitis. Gastroenterology 1993;104:1165-70
  • Pederzoli P, Cavallini G, Falconi M, Bassi C. Gabexate mesilate vs aprotinin in human acute pancreatitis (GA.ME.P.A.). A prospective, randomized, double-blind multicenter study. Int J Pancreatol 1993;14:117-24
  • Chen HM, Chen JC, Hwang TL, Prospective and randomized study of gabexate mesilate for the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis with organ dysfunction. Hepatogastroenterology 2000;47:1147-50
  • Seta T, Noguchi Y, Shimada T, Treatment of acute pancreatitis with protease inhibitors: a meta-analysis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2004;16:1287-93
  • Pezzilli R, Miglioli M. Multicentre comparative study of two schedules of gabexate mesilate in the treatment of acute pancreatitis. Italian Acute Pancreatitis Study Group. Dig Liver Dis 2001;33:49-57
  • Gullo L, Pezzilli R, Barbara L. Effect of somatostatin on plasma amino acid uptake by human pancreas. Gastroenterology 1989;97:732-6
  • Gullo L, Biliotti G, Pezzilli R, Effect of octreotide (SMS 201-995) on meal-stimulated pancreatic secretion in three patients with external pancreatic fistula. Am J Gastroenterol 1991;86:892-4
  • Van Hagen PM, Krenning EP, Kwekkeboom DJ, Somatostatin and the immune and haematopoietic system: a review. Eur J Clin Invest 1994;24:91-9
  • Jenkins SA, Baxter JN, Day DW, The effects of somatostatin and SMN 201-995 on experimentally-induced pancreatitis and endotoxinemia in rats and on monocyte activity in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Klin Wochenschr 1986;64:100-6
  • Klar E, Rattner DW, Compton C, Adverse effect of therapeutic vasoconstrictors in experimental acute pancreatitis. Ann Surg 1991;214:168-74
  • Uhl W, Buchler MW, Malfertheiner P, A randomised, double blind, multicentre trial of octreotide in moderate to severe acute pancreatitis. Gut 1999;45:97-104
  • Heinrich S, Schäfer M, Rousson V, Clavien PA. Evidence-based treatment of acute pancreatitis: a look at established paradigms. Ann Surg 2006;243:154-68
  • Zhou W, Levine BA, Olson MS. Platelet-activating factor: a mediator of pancreatic inflammation during cerulein hyperstimulation. Am J Pathol 1993;142:1504-12
  • Emanuelli G, Montrucchio G, Gaia E, Experimental acute pancreatitis induced by platelet activating factor in rabbits. Am J Pathol 1989;134:315-26
  • Formela LJ, Wood LM, Whittaker M, Kingsnorth AN. Amelioration of experimental acute pancreatitis with a potent platelet-activating factor antagonist. Br J Surg 1994;81:1783-5
  • Kingsnorth AN, Galloway SW, Formela LJ. Randomized, double-blind phase II trial of Lexipafant, a platelet-activating factor antagonist, in human acute pancreatitis. Br J Surg 1995;82:1414-20
  • McKay CJ, Curran F, Sharples C, Prospective placebo-controlled randomized trial of lexipafant in predicted severe acute pancreatitis. Br J Surg 1997;84:1239-43
  • Johnson CD, Kingsnorth AN, Imrie CW, Double blind, randomised, placebo controlled study of a platelet activating factor antagonist, lexipafant, in the treatment and prevention of organ failure in predicted severe acute pancreatitis. Gut 2001;48:62-9
  • Windsor AC, Kanwar S, Li AG, Compared with parenteral nutrition, enteral feeding attenuates the acute phase response and improves disease severity in acute pancreatitis. Gut 1998;42:431-5
  • Kalfarentzos F, Kehagias J, Mead N, Enteral nutrition is superior to parenteral nutrition in severe acute pancreatitis: results of a randomized prospective trial. Br J Surg 1997;84:1665-9
  • Nakad A, Piessevaux H, Marot JC, Is early enteral nutrition in acute pancreatitis dangerous? About 20 patients fed by an endoscopically placed nasogastrojejunal tube. Pancreas 1998;17:187-93
  • De Beaux AC, O'Riordain MG, Ross JA, Glutamine-supplemented total parenteral nutrition reduces blood mononuclear cell interleukin-8 release in severe acute pancreatitis. Nutrition 1998;14:261-5
  • Foitzik T, Eibl G, Schneider P, Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation increases anti-inflammatory cytokines and attenuates systemic disease sequelae in experimental pancreatitis. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2002;26:351-6
  • Lasztity N, Hamvas J, Biro L, Effect of enterally administered n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in acute pancreatitis: a prospective randomized clinical trial. Clin Nutr 2005;24:198-205
  • Gupta R, Patel K, Calder PC, A randomised clinical trial to assess the effect of total enteral and total parenteral nutritional support on metabolic, inflammatory and oxidative markers in patients with predicted severe acute pancreatitis (APACHE II > or =6). Pancreatology 2003;3:406-13
  • Gianotti L, Meier R, Lobo DN, ESPEN guidelines on parenteral nutrition: pancreas. Clin Nutr 2009;28:428-35
  • Meier R, Ockenga J, Pertkiewicz M, ESPEN guidelines on enteral nutrition: pancreas. Clin Nutr 2006;25:275-84
  • Craig RM, Dordal E, Myles L. The use of ampicillin in acute pancreatitis. Ann Intern Med 1975;83:831-2
  • Howes R, Zuidema GD, Cameron JL. Evaluation of prophylactic antibiotics in acute pancreatitis. J Surg Res 1975;18:197-200
  • Finch WT, Sawyers JL, Schenker S. A prospective study to determine the efficacy of antibiotics in acute pancreatitis. Ann Surg 1976;183:667-71
  • Bassi C, Pederzoli P, Vesentini S, Behavior of antibiotics during human necrotizing pancreatitis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1994;38:830-6
  • Pederzoli P, Bassi C, Vesentini S, Campedelli A. A randomized multicenter clinical trial of antibiotic prophylaxis of septic complications in acute necrotizing pancreatitis with imipenem. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1993;176:480-3
  • Luiten EJ, Hop WC, Lange JF, Bruining HA. Controlled clinical trial of selective decontamination for the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis. Ann Surg 1995;222:57-65
  • Bassi C, Falconi M, Talamini G, Controlled clinical trial of pefloxacin versus imipenem in severe acute pancreatitis. Gastroenterology 1998;115:1513-7
  • Takeda K, Matsuno S, Ogawa M, Continuous regional arterial infusion (CRAI) therapy reduces the mortality rate of acute necrotizing pancreatitis: results of a cooperative survey in Japan. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2001;8:216-20
  • Maravi-Poma E, Gener J, Alvarez-Lerma F, Early antibiotic treatment (prophylaxis) of septic complications in severe acute necrotizing pancreatitis: a prospective, randomized, multicenter study comparing two regimens with imipenem-cilastatin. Intensive Care Med 2003;29:1974-80
  • Sainio V, Kemppainen E, Puolakkainen P, Early antibiotic treatment in acute necrotising pancreatitis. Lancet 1995;346:663-7
  • Schwarz M, Isenmann R, Meyer H, Beger HG. Antibiotic use in necrotizing pancreatitis. Results of a controlled study. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1997;122:356-61
  • Nordback I, Sand J, Saaristo R, Paajanen H. Early treatment with antibiotics reduces the need for surgery in acute necrotizing pancreatitis. A single-center randomized study. J Gastrointest Surg 2001;5:113-8
  • Manes G, Rabitti PG, Menchise A, Prophylaxis with meropenem of septic complications in acute pancreatitis: a randomized, controlled trial versus imipenem. Pancreas 2003;27:e79-83
  • Manes G, Uomo I, Menchise A, Timing of antibiotic prophylaxis in acute pancreatitis: a controlled randomized study with meropenem. Am J Gastroenterol 2006;101:1348-53
  • Jafri NS, Mahid SS, Idstein SR, Antibiotic prophylaxis is not protective in severe acute pancreatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Surg 2009;197:806-13
  • Røkke O, Harbitz TB, Liljedal J, Early treatment of severe pancreatitis with imipenem: a prospective randomized clinical trial. Scand J Gastroenterol 2007;42:771-6
  • Spicak J, Hejtmankova S, Cech P, Antibiotic prophylaxis in large pancreatic necrosis: multicenter randomized trial with ciprofloxacin and metronidazole or meropenem. Gastroenterology 2004;126:A229
  • Isenmann R, Runzi M, Kron M, Prophylactic antibiotic treatment in patients with predicted severe acute pancreatitis: a placebo-controlled, double-blind trial. Gastroenterology 2004;126:997-1004
  • Dellinger EP, Tellado JM, Soto NE, Early antibiotic treatment for severe acute necrotizing pancreatitis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Ann Surg 2007;245:674-83
  • Jadad AR, Moore RA, Carroll D, Assessing the quality of reports of randomized clinical trials: is blinding necessary? Control Clin Trials 1996;17:1-12
  • Besselink MG, van Santvoort HC, Boermeester MA, Timing and impact of infections in acute pancreatitis. Br J Surg 2009;96:267-73
  • Vege SS, Gardner TB, Chari ST, Outcomes of intra-abdominal fungal vs. bacterial infections in severe acute pancreatitis. Am J Gastroenterol 2009;104:2065-70
  • McKinnon PS, Goff DA, Kern JW, Temporal assessment of Candida risk factors in the surgical intensive care unit. Arch Surg 2001;136:1401-8
  • Olah A, Belagyi T, Issekutz A, Randomized clinical trial of specific lactobacillus and fibre supplement to early enteral nutrition in patients with acute pancreatitis. Br J Surg 2002;89:1103-7
  • Besselink MG, van Santvoort HC, Buskens E, Probiotic prophylaxis in predicted severe acute pancreatitis: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2008;371:651-9
  • Sun S, Yang K, He X, Probiotics in patients with severe acute pancreatitis: a meta-analysis. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2009;394:171-7
  • Gullo L, Barbara L. Treatment of pancreatic pseudocysts with octreotide. Lancet 1991;338:540-1
  • Kozarek RA, Traverso LW. Pancreatic fistulas: etiology, consequences, and treatment. Gastroenterologist 1996;4:238-44
  • Qin RY, Qiu FZ. Imaging changes of the pancreas and the occasion of refeeding in patients with acute pancreatitis. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2002;1:290-3
  • Jacobson BC, Vander Vliet MB, Hughes MD, A prospective, randomized trial of clear liquids versus low-fat solid diet as the initial meal in mild acute pancreatitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2007;5:946-51
  • Sathiaraj E, Murthy S, Mansard MJ, Clinical trial: oral feeding with a soft diet compared with clear liquid diet as initial meal in mild acute pancreatitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2008;28:777-81
  • Eckerwall GE, Tingstedt BB, Bergenzaun PE, Andersson RG. Immediate oral feeding in patients with mild acute pancreatitis is safe and may accelerate recovery–a randomized clinical study. Clin Nutr 2007;26:758-63
  • Pezzilli R, Simoni P, Casadei R, Morselli-Labate AM. Exocrine pancreatic function during the early recovery phase of acute pancreatitis. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2009;8:316-9
  • Pezzilli R, Morselli-Labate AM, Campana D, Evaluation of patient-reported outcome in subjects treated medically for acute pancreatitis: a follow-up study. Pancreatology 2009;9:375-82

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.