Bibliography
- LEMBERGER L: The pharmacology of ergots: past and present. Fed. Proc. (1978) 37:2176–2180.
- MANTEGANI S, BRAMBILLA E, VARASI M: Ergoline derivatives: receptor affinity and selectivity. II Farmaco. (1999) 54:288-296.
- BRAMBILLA E, DI SALLE E, BRIATICO G, MANTEGANI S,TEMPERILLI A: Synthesis and nidation inhibitory activity of a new class of ergoline derivatives. Eur. J. Med. Chem. (1989) 24:421-426.
- DI SALLE E, ORNATI G, BRIATICO G: FCE 21336, a new ergoline derivative with a potent and long-acting lowering effect on prolactin secretion in rats. J. Endocrinol. Invest. (1982) 45.
- VANCE ML, THORNER MO: Prolactin: hyperprolacti-nemic syndromes and management. In: Textbook of Endocrinology (2nd Edition) DeGroot LJ (Ed.), WB Saunders Co., Philadelphia, USA (1989):408–418.
- HO KY, THORNER MO: Therapeutic applications of bromocriptine in endocrine and neurological diseases. Drugs (1988) 36:67–82.
- RAINS CP, BRYSON HM, FITTON A: Cabergoline. A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic potential in the treatment of hyperprolac-tinaemia and inhibition of lactation. Drugs (1995) 49:255–279.
- STROLIN-BENEDETTI M, DOSTERT P, BARONE D et al.: Invivo interaction of cabergoline with rat brain dopamine receptors labeled with [3H] N-n-propylnorapomorphine. Eur. J. Pharmacol. (1990) 187:399–408.
- BEVAN JS, WEBSTER J, BURKE CW et al: Dopamine agonists and pituitary tumor shrinkage. Endocr. Rev. (1992) 13:220–240.
- •A very comprehensive and accurate review on the effects of DAs on tumour volume addressing the molecular basis for their shrinking effect.
- ENJALBERT A, BOCKAERT J: Pharmacological charac-terisation of the D-2 dopamine receptor negatively coupled with adenylated cyclase in rat anterior pituitary. Mol. Pharmacol (1983) 23:576–584.
- SPADA A, NICOSIA S, CORTELLAZZI L et al.: In vitrostudies on prolactin release and adenylate cyclase activity in human prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas. Different sensitivity of macro- and microadenomas to dopamine and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1983) 56:1–10.
- MCDONALD WM, SIBLEY DR, KILPATRICK BF et al.:Dopaminergic inhibition of adenylate cyclase correlates with high affinity agonist binding to anterior pituitary D2-dopamine receptors. Mol Endocrinol. (1984) 36:201-209.
- CROSIGNANI PG, FERRARI C: Dopaminergic treatmentsfor hyperprolactinemia. Baillieres Gun. Obstet. Gynaecol (1990) 4:441–455.
- TROUILLAS J, CHEVALLIER P, CLAUSTRAT B et al.: Inhibi-tory effects of the dopamine agonists quinagolide (CV 205–502) and bromocriptine on prolactin secretion and growth of SMtTW pituitary tumors in the rat. Endocrinology (1994) 134:401-410.
- EGUCHI K, KAWAMOTO K, UOZUMI T, ITO A, ARITA K,KURISU K: In vivo effect of cabergoline, a dopamine agonist, on estrogen-induced rat pituitary tumors. Endocr. J. (1995) 42:153–161.
- EGUCHI K, KAWAMOTO K, UOZUMI T, ITO A, ARITA K,KURISU K: Effect of cabergoline, a dopamine agonist, on estrogen-induced rat pituitary tumors: in vitro culture studies. Endocr. J. (1995) 42:413–420.
- JOCHLE W, ARBEITER K, POST K et al.: Effects onpseudo-pregnancy, pregnancy and interoestrous intervals of pharmacological suppression of prolactin secretion in female dogs and cats. J. Reprod. Fertil. (1989) 39(Suppl.):199–207.
- VESTERGEN JP, ONCLIN K, SILVA LD et al.: Abortioninduction in the cat using prostaglandin F2 alpha and a new anti-prolactinic agent cabergoline. J. Reprod. Fertil. (1993) 47 (Suppl.) :411–417.
- PONTIROLI AE, VIBERTI GC, MANGILI R et al.: Selectiveand extremely long inhibition of prolactin release in man by 1-ethyl-3-(3'-dimethylaminopropy1)-3-(6' allylergoline-W-b-carbonyOurea-diphosphate (FCE 21336). Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol (1987) 23:433–438.
- ANDREOTTI AC, PIANEZZOLA E, PERSIANI S et al.:Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and tolerability of cabergoline, a prolactin-lowering drug, after administration of increasing oral doses (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 milligrams) in healthy male volunteers. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1995) 80:841–845.
- MELIS GB, GAMBACCIANI M, PAOLETTI AM et al.: Doserelated prolactin-inhibitory effect of the new long-acting dopamine receptor agonist cabergoline in normal cycling, puerperal and hyperprolactinemic women. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1987) 65:541–545.
- DI SALLE E, ORNATI G, GIUDICI D et al.: Effect of the newergoline derivative FCE 21336 on prolactin and LH secretion in the rat. J. Endocrinol. Invest. (1983) 6\(Suppl. 1)6.
- FERRARI C, MATTEI A, MELTS GB et al: Cabergoline: long-acting oral treatment of hyperprolactinemic disorders. J. Clin. Endocrinol Metab. (1989) 68:1201-1206.
- FERRARI C, PARACCHI A, MATTEI AM et al.: Cabergoline in the long-term therapy of hyperprolactinemic disorders. Acta Endocrinol. (1992) 126:489–494.
- FALSETTI L, ZANAGNOLO V, GALBIGIANI E: Cabergoline treatment in hyperprolactinemic women. J. Obstet. Gynecol (1991) 11:68–71.
- GIUSTI M, LOMEO A, TORRE R et al: Effect of subacutecabergoline treatment on prolactin, thyroid stimulating hormone and growth hormone response to simultaneous administration of thyrotropin-releasing hormone and growth hormone-releasing hormone in hyperprolactinemic women. Clin. Endocrinol. (1989) 30:315–321.
- DURANTE R, GIUSTI M, CARRARO A et al: LHRH-induced gonadotropin release before and after short-term therapy with cabergoline in hyperprolactinemic patients. Minerva Endocrinol. (1991) 16:11-16.
- DALL'ARA A, LIMA L, COCCHI D et al.: Inhibitory effect of cabergoline on the development of oestrogen-induced prolactin-secreting adenomas of the pituitary. Eur. J. Pharmacol. (1988) 151:97–102.
- GIUDICI D, ZACCHEO T, ORNATI G et al: Antitumouractivity of FCE 21336, a new prolactin lowering drug, on experimental hormone-responsive tumors. J. Steroid. Biochem. Mol. Biol. (1983) 19(Suppl.):145S.
- FORNELLI F, ZACCHEO T, DI SALLE E et al: Correlationbetween inhibitory effect on prolactin secretion and anti-tumour activity of new ergoline compounds on DMBA-induced tumours in rats. Eur. J. Cancer.Clin. Oncol. (1983) 19:1545–1551.
- PERSIANI S, PIANEZZOLA E, BROUTIN F et al.: Radioim-munoassay for the synthetic ergoline derivative cabergoline in biological fluids. J. Immunoassay (1992) 13:457–476.
- PIANEZZOLA E, BELLOTTI V, LA CROIX R et al.: Determi-nation of cabergoline in plasma and urine by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. J. Chromatogr. (1992) 574:170–174.
- COCCHIARA G, STROLIN BENEDETTI M: Excretion balance and urinary metabolic pattern of rll, cabergo-line in man. Drug Metab. Drug Interact. (1992) 10:199-211.
- BATTAGLIA R, STROLIN BENEDETTI M et al.: Dispositionand urinary metabolic pattern of cabergoline, a potent dopaminergic agonist, in rat, monkey and man. Xenobiotica (1993) 23:1377-1389.
- COLAO A, LOMBARDI G: Growth hormone and prolactin excess. Lancet (1998) 352:1455-1461.
- •An up-to-date review on the most relevant clinical issues of GH and PRL excess.
- DELGRANGE E, MATTER D, DONCKIER J, TOURNIAIRE J: Influence of age on the clinical presentation of prolactinomas in male patients. Gerontology (1999) 45:160-164.
- LEVY A, LIGHTMAN SL: Diagnosis and management of pituitary tumors. Br. Med. J. (1994) 308:1087-1091.
- DALKIN AC, MARSHALL JC: Medical therapy of hyperprolactinemia. Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North Am. (1989) 18:259–276.
- CUNNAH D, BESSER M: Management of prolactinomas. Clin. Endocrinol. (1991) 34:231–235.
- MOLITCH ME, THORNER MO, WILSON C: Management of prolactinomas. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1997) 82:996–1000.
- COLAO A, ANNUNZIATO L, LOMBARDI G: Treatment of prolactinomas. Ann. Med. (1998) 30:452–459.
- •Up-to-date reviews on the treatment strategies in hyperprolactinaemia.
- VANCE M, EVANS W, THORNER M: Bromocriptine. Ann. Intern. Med. (1984) 100:78-91.
- WEBSTER J: A comparative review of the tolerability profiles of DA agonists in the treatment of hyperpro-lactinemia and inhibition of lactation. Drug Sal (1996) 14:228–238.
- BRUE T, PELLEGRINI J, GUNZ G et al: Effects of dopamine agonist CV 205-502 in human prolac-tinomas resistant to bromocriptine. J. Clin. Endocrinol Metab. (1992) 74:577–584.
- VILAR L, BURKE CW et al.: Quinagolide efficacy and tolerability in hyperprolactinemic patients who are resistant to or intolerant of bromocriptine. Endocrinol. (1994) 41:821-826.
- RASMUSSEN C, BROWNELL J, BERGHT T: Clinical response and prolactin concentration in hyperprolac-tinemic women during and after treatment for 24 months with the new dopamine agonist, CV 205-502. Acta Endocrinol. (1991) 125:78–91.
- MEROLA B, SARNACCHIARO F, COLAO A et al.: Positive response to compound CV 205–502 in hyperprolacti-nemic patients resistant to or intolerant of bromocriptine. Gynecol. Endocrinol. (1994) 8:1-7.
- NEWMAN CB, HURLEY AM, KLEINBERG DL et al.: Effect of CV 205-502 in hyperprolactinemic patients intolerant to bromocriptine. Clin. Endocrinol (1989) 31:391–400.
- CICCARELLI E, GIUSTI M, MIOLA A et al.: Effectiveness and tolerability of long-term treatment with cabergo-line, a new-lasting ergoline derivative, in hyperprolac- tinemic patients. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1989) 69:725–728.
- GAMBINO G, ROMANO C, Use of cabergoline in the of hyperprolactinemic and J. Endocrinol. Invest. (1997)
- WEBSTER J, PISCITELLI G, POLLI A et al.: The efficacy andtolerability of long-term cabergoline therapy in hyperprolactinemic disorders: an open, uncontrolled, multicentre study. Clin. Endocrinol. (1993) 39:323–329.
- WEBSTER J, PISCITELLI G, POLLI A et al.: A comparison ofcabergoline and bromocriptine in the treatment of MURATORI M, AROSIO BIELLA 0, FAGLIA G: long-term treatmentacromegalic patients. 20:537–546.
- •The first paper addressing the issue of the comparison between the efficacy of bromocriptine and cabergoline including a very large series of patients with microprolac-tinoma and non-tumoural hyperprolactinaemia.
- VERHELST J, ABS R, MATTER D et al.: Cabergoline in the treatment of hyperprolactinemia: a study in 455patients. J. Clin. Endocrinol Metab. (1999) 84:2518–2522.
- •The most recent paper including the largest series of patients with hyperprolactinaemia treated with cabergoline.
- BILLER BMK, MOLITCH ME, VANCE ML et al.: Treatmentof prolactin-secreting macroadenomas with the once-weekly dopamine agonist cabergoline. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1996) 81:2338–2343.
- FERRARI CI, ABS R, BEVAN JS et al: Treatment ofmacroprolactinoma with cabergoline: a study of 85 patients. Clin. Endocrinol. (1997) 46:409-413.
- COLAO A, DI SARNO A, LANDI ML et al: Long-term andlow-dose treatment with cabergoline induces macroprolactinoma shrinkage. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1997) 82:3574–3579.
- CANNAVO' S, CURTO' L, SQUADRITO S et al: A firstchoice treatment in patients with previously untreated prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma. J. Endocrinol. Invest. (1999) 22:354–359.
- COLAO A, DI SARNO A, LANDI ML et al.: Macroprolac-tinoma shrinkage during cabergoline treatment is greater in naive than in patients pre-treated with other dopamine agonists: a prospective study in 110 patients J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (2000). (In Press).
- DE ROSA M, COLAO A, DI SARNO A et al.: Cabergolinetreatment rapidly improves gonadal function in hyperprolactinemic males: a comparison with bromocriptine. Eur. J. Endocrinol. (1998) 138:286–293.
- CICCARELLI E, GROTTOLI S, RAZZORE P et al.: Long-termtreatment with cabergoline a new long-lasting ergoline derivative in idiopathic or tumorous hyperprolactinemia and outcome of drug-induced pregnancy. J. Endocrinol Invest. (1997) 20:547–551.
- FERRARI C, PISCITELLI G, CROSIGNANI PG: Cabergoline:a new drug for the treatment of hyperprolactinaemia. Hum. Reprod. (1995) 10:1647–1652.
- TURKALJ I, BRAUN P, KRUPP P: Surveillance ofBromocriptine in pregnancy. JAMA (1 9 8 2) 247:1589-1591.
- CORENBLUM B, DONOVAN L: The safety of physio-logical estrogen plus progestin replacement therapy and with oral contraceptive therapy in women with pathological hyperprolactinemia. Fertil. Steil]. (1993) 59:671–673.
- KLIBANSKI A, NEER RM, BEITINS IZ, RIDGWAY C, ZARVASNT, MC ARTHUR JW: Decreased bone density in amenorrheic women. N. Engl. J. Med. (19 8 0) 303:1511-1514.
- KLIBANSKI A, GREENSPAN SL: Increase in bone mass after treatment of hyperprolactinemic amenorrhea. N Engl. J. Med. (1986) 315:542–546.
- JACKSON JA, KLEEREKOPER M, PARFITT M: Symptomatic osteoporosis in a man with hyperprolactinemic hypogonadism. Ann. Intern. Med. (1986) 105:543–545.
- GREENSPAN SL, OPPENHEIM DS, KLIBANSKI A: Importance of gonadal steroids to bone mass in men with hyperprolactinemic hypogonadism. Ann. Intern. Med. (1989) 110:526–531.
- BEREZIN M, SHIMON I, HADANI M: Prolactinoma in 53men: clinical characteristics and modes of treatment. Endocrinol. Invest. (1995) 18:436–441.
- •Prolactinomas in men are less frequent than in women and the presentation of the clinical syndrome is partly different as demonstrated in this paper.
- DI SOMMA C, COLAO A, DI SARNO A et al.: Bone markers and bone density responses to dopamine agonist therapy in hyperprolactinemic males. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1998) 83:807–813.
- COLAO A, DI SOMMA C, LOCHE S et al.: Prolactinomas in children and adolescents: persistent bone loss after 2 years of prolactin normalization. an. Endocrinol. (2000). (In Press).
- DELGRANGE E, CRABBE J, DONCKIER J: Late develop-ment of resistance to bromocriptine in a patient with macroprolactinoma. Horm. Res. (1998) 49:250–253.
- DELGRANGE E, MAITER D, DONCKIER J: Effects of thedopamine agonist cabergoline in patients with prolac-tinoma intolerant or resistant to bromocriptine. Eur. J. Endocrinol. (1996) 134:454-456.
- COLAO A, DI SARNO A, SARNACCHIARO F et al.: Prolac-tinomas resistant to standard dopamine agonists respond to chronic cabergoline treatment. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1997) 82:876–883.
- PELLEGRINI I, RASOLONJANAHARY R, GUNZ G et al.:Resistance to bromocriptine in prolactinomas. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1989) 69:500–509.
- CACCAVELLI 1, FERON F, MORANGE I et al.: Decreasedexpression of the two Dy dopamine receptor isoforms in bromocriptine-resistant prolactinomas. Neuroendo-crinology (1994) 60:314–322.
- BARLIERI A, PELLEGRINI-BOUILLER I, CACCAVELLI I etal.:Abnormal transduction mechanisms in pituitary adenomas. Horm. Res. (1997) 47:227–234.
- •A review on the abnormal transduction mechanisms in pituitary adenomas.
- DURANTEAU L, CHANSON P, LAVOINNE A, HORLAIT S,LUBETSKI J, KUHN JM: Effects of new dopaminergic agonist CV 205-502 on plasma PRL levels and tumor size in BRC-resistant prolactinomas. Gum. Endocrinol (1991) 34:25–29.
- RAZZAQ R, O'HALLORAN DJ, BEARWELL CG, SHALET SM:The effects of CV 205-502 in patients with hyperprolac-tinemia intolerant and/or resistant to bromocriptine. Horm. Res. (1993) 39:218–222.
- CANNAVO S, BARTOLONE L, BLANDINO A, SPINELLA S, GALATIOTO S, TRIMARCHI F: Shrinkage of a PRL-secreting pituitary macroadenoma resistant to cabergoline. j Endocrinol. Invest. (1999) 22:306–309.
- COLAO A, LOCHE S, CAPPA M et al.: Prolactinomas in children and adolescents. Clinical presentation and long term follow-up. J. Clin. Endocrinol Metab. (1998) 83:2777–2780.
- DISSANEEVATE P, WARNE GL: Hyperprolactinaemia and pituitary adenomas in adolescence. J. Pediatr. Endocrinol. Metab. (1998) 11:531-541.
- MOLITCH ME: Medical treatment of prolactinomas. Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North. Am. (1999) 28:143–169.
- •Up-to-date reviews on the treatment strategies in hyperprolactinaemia.
- JHO HD, CARRAU RL, KO Y: Endoscopic pituitary surgery. In: Neurosurgical operative Atlas. Wilkins RH, Rengachary SS (Eds.), Park Ridge, Ill: American Association of Neurological Surgeons (1996) 5:1–12.
- CAPPABIANCA P, ALFIERI A, COLAO A et al.: Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach: an addition reason in support of surgery in the management of pituitary lesions. Skull Base Surgery (1999) 9:109-117.
- CABALLERO-GORDO A, LOPEZ-NAZARENO N, CALDERAY M et al.: Oral cabergoline-single-dose inhibi-tion of puerperal lactation. J. Reprod. Med. (1991) 36:717–721.
- MELTS GB, GAMBACCIANI M, PAOLETTI AM et al.: Dose related prolactin-inhibitory effect of the new long-acting dopamine receptor agonist cabergoline in normal cycling, puerperal and hyperprolactinaemic women. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1987) 65:541–545.
- GIORDA G, DEVINCENTIIS S, MOTTA T et al.: Cabergo-line versus bromocriptine in suppression of lactation after caesarean delivery. Gynecol. Obstet. Invest. (1991) 31:93–96.
- EUROPEAN MULTICENTER STUDY GROUP FOR CABERGOLINE IN INHIBITION OF LACTATION: Single dose cabergoline versus bromocriptine in inhibition of puerperal lactation: randomized, double blind, multicenter study. Br. Med. 1 (1991) 302:1367-1371.
- MELTS GB, MATS V, PAOLETTI AM et al.: Prevention of puerperal lactation by a single oral administration of the new prolactin-inhibiting drug cabergoline. Obstet. Gynecol (1988) 71:311–314.
- JAFFE CA, BARKAN AL. Acromegaly: recognition and treatment. Drugs (1994) 47:425–445.
- MELMED S, HO K, KLIBANSKI A, REICHLIN S, THORNER MO: Recent advances in pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of acromegaly. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1995) 80:3395–3402.
- MELMED S, DOWLING RH, FROHMAN LA et al.: Consensus statement: benefits versus risks of medical therapy for acromegaly. Am. J. Med. (1994) 97:468–473.
- WASS JAM, THORNER MO, MORRIS DV et al.: Long-term treatment of acromegaly with bromocriptine. Br. Med. J. (1977) 1:875–878.
- COLAO A, FERONE D, MARZULLO P et al.: Effect ofdifferent dopaminergic agents in the treatment of acromegaly.j Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1997) 82:518–523.
- ABS R, VERSHOLST J, MATTER D et al.: Cabergoline in thetreatment of acromegaly: a study in 64 patients. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1998) 83:374–378.
- COZZI R, ATTANASIO R, BARAUSSE M et al.: Cabergolinein acromegaly: a renewed role for dopamine agonist treatment? Eur. j Endocrinol. (1998) 139:516–521.
- JACKSON SN, FOWLER J, HOWLETT TA: Cabergoline treatment of acromegaly: a preliminary dose finding study. Clin. Endocrinol. (1997) 46:745–749.
- LAMBERTS SWJ, VAN DER LELY AJ, DE HERDER WW, HOFLAND J: Octreotide. N. Engl. J. Med. (1996) 334:246–254.
- LAMBERTS SWJ, ZWEENS M, VERSCHOOR L, DEL POZO E:A comparison among the growth hormone lowering effect of the somatostatin analog, SMS 201-995, bromocriptine and combination of both drugs. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1986) 63:16–19.
- CHIODINI PG, COZZI R, DALLABONZANA D et al.: Medical treatment of acromegaly with SMS 201-995, a somatostatin analogue: a comparison with bromocriptine. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1987) 64:447–453.
- FLOGSTAD AK, HALSE J, GRASS P et al.: A comparison of octreotide, bromocriptine, or a combination of both drugs in acromegaly. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1994) 79:461–465.
- LOMBARDI G, COLAO A, FERONE D et al.: CV 205-502 treatment in therapy-resistant acromegalic patients. Eur. j Endocrinol. (1995) 132:559–564.
- FREDSTORP L, KUTZ K, WERNER S: Treatment with octreotide and bromocriptine in patients with acromegaly: an open pharmacodynamic interaction study. Clin. Endocrinol (1994) 41:103-108.
- MARZULLO P, FERONE D, MARINO V et al.: Effect of a combined treatment with the slow release somato-statin analog lanreotide and the selective dopamine D2 receptor agonist cabergoline in therapy resistant acromegalic patients. Pituitary (1999) 1:115–120.
- LAMBERTS SWJ, LIUZZI A, CHIODINI PG, VERDE S, KLIJN JGM, BIRKENHAGER JC: The value of plasma prolactin levels in the prediction of the responsiveness of growth hormone secretion to bromocriptine and TRH in acromegaly. Eur. J. Clin. Invest. (1982) 12:151-155.
- LAMBERTS SWJ, KLIJN JGM, VAN VROONHOVEN CCJ, STEFANKO SZ, LIUZZI A: The role of prolactin in the inhibitory action of bromocriptine on growth hormone secretion in acromegaly. Acta Endocrinol (1983) 103:446–450.
- BECK-PECCOZ P, BRUCKER-DAVIS F, PERSANI L, SMALLRIDGE RC, WEINTRAUB BD: Thyrotropin-secreting pituitary tumours. Endocr. Rev. (1996) 17:610–638.
- KWEKKEBOOM DJ, DE JONG FH, LAMBERTS SWJ: Gonadotropin release by clinically nonfunctioning and gonadotroph pituitary adenomas in vivo and in vitro: relation to sex and effects of thyrotropin-releasing hormone, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, and bromocriptine. J. Clin. Endocrinol Metab. (1989) 68:1128–1135.
- SACCOMANNO K, GIL-DEL-ALAMO P, BASSETTI M, REZA-ELAHI F, SPADA A: In vitro detection of glycopro-tein production and secretion by human nonfunc-tioning pituitary adenomas. J. Endocrinol. Invest. (1993) 16:109–115.
- BEVAN JS, BURKE CW: Non-functioning pituitary adenomas do not regress during bromocriptine therapy but possess membrane-bound dopamine receptors which bind bromocriptine. Clin. Endocrinol. (1986) 25:561–572.
- KOGA M, NAKAO H, ARAO M et al: Demonstration of specific dopamine receptors on human pituitary adenomas. Acta Endocrinol (1987) 114:595-602.
- HEDNER P, VALDEMARSSON S: Reduced size of a hormonally silent pituitary adenoma during treatment with CV 205-502, a new dopamine agonist mainly stimulating D2 receptors. Neurosurgery (1989) 25:948–950.
- KWEKKEBOOM DJ, LAMBERTS SWJ: Long-term treatment with dopamine agonist CV 205-502 of patients with clinically non-functioning, gonado-troph, or a-subunit secreting pituitary adenoma. UM. Endocrinol. (1992) 36:171–176.
- FERONE D, LASTORIA S, COLAO A et al: Correlation of scintigraphic results using 123I-methoxybenzamide with hormone levels and tumor size response to quinagolide in patients with pituitary adenomas. J. UM. Endocrinol. Metab. (1998) 83:248–252.
- COLAO A, FERONE D, LASTORIA S et al. Hormone levels and tumor size response to quinagolide, and cabergo-line in patients with prolactin-secreting and clinically nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas: predictive value of pituitary scintigraphy with 123I-Methoxy-benzamide. Gun Endocrinol (2000) (In Press)
- SCILLITANI A, DICEMBRINO F, DI FAZIO P et al: In vivo visualization of pituitary dopaminergic receptors by iodine-123 methoxybenzamide (IBZM) correlates with sensitivity to dopamine agonists in two patients with macroprolactinomas. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1995) 80:2523–2525.
- DE HERDER WW, REIJST AEM, KWEKKEBOOM DJ et al.: In vivo imaging of pituitary tumours using a radiola-belled dopamine D2 receptor radioligand. Endocrinol. (1996) 45:755–767.
- DE HERDER WW, REIJST, AEM, DE SWART J et al: Comparison of iodine-123 epidepride and iodine-123IBZM for dopamine D2 receptors imaging in clinically non-functioning pituitary macroadenomas and macroprolactinomas. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. (1999) 26:46–50.
- VERHOEFF NP, BEMELMAN FJ, WIERSINGA WM, VAN ROYEN EA: Imaging of dopamine D2 and somatostatin receptors in vivo using single-photon emission tomography in a patient with TSH/PRL-producing pituitary macroadenoma. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. (1993) 20:555–561.
- PIRKER W, RIEDL M, LUGER A et al.: Dopamine D2 receptor imaging in pituitary adenomas using Iodine-123-Epidepride and SPECT. J. Nucl. Med. (1996) 37:1931–1937.
- KHAN ZU, GUTIERREZ A, MARTIN R, PENAFIEL A, RIVERA A, DE LA CALLE A: Differential regional and cellular distribution of dopamine D2-like receptors: an immunocytochemical study of subtype-specific antibodies in rat and human brain. J. Comp. Neurol (1998) 21:353–371.
- SONINO N, BOSCARO M: Medical therapy for Cushing's disease. In: Advances in Pituitary Tumour Therapy. Molitch ME (Ed.), (1999):211–222.
- KRIEGER DT: Physiopathology of Cushing's disease. Endocr. Rev. (1983) 4:22–43.
- MERCADO-ASIS LB, YASUDA K, MURAYAMA M et al.: Beneficial effects of high daily dose bromocriptine in Cushing's disease. Endocrinol Jpn. (1992) 39:385–395.
- YIN D, KONDO S, TAKEUCHI J, MORIMURA T: Induction of apoptosis in murine ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma cells by bromocriptine. FEBS Lett. (1994) 339:73–75.
- BERWAERTS J, VERHELST J, MAHLER C, ABS R: Cushing's syndrome in pregnancy treated by ketoconazole: case report and review of the literature. Gynecol. Endocrinol (1999)13:175–182.
- DORNHORST A, JENKINS JS, LAMBERTS SWJ et al: The evaluation of sodium valproate in the treatment of Nelson's syndrome. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1983) 56:985–991.
- LAMBERTS SWJ, BIRKENHAGER JC: Bromocriptine in Nelson's syndrome and Cushing's disease. Lancet (1976) 2:811.
- LAMBERTS SWJ, KLIJN JGM, DE QUIJADA M et al.: The mechanism of the suppressive action of bromocriptine on adrenocorticotropin secretion in patients with Cushing's disease and Nelson's syndrome. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (1980) 51:307–311.
- WHITEHEAD HM, BEACOM R, SHERIDAN B, ATKINSON AB: The effect of cyproheptadine and/or bromocriptine on plasma ACTH levels in patients cured of Cushing's disease by bilateral adrenalectomy. Clin. Endocrinol (1990) 32:193–201.
- PIVONELLO R, FAGGIANO A, DI SALLE F, FILIPPELLA M, LOMBARDI G, COLAO A: Complete remission of Nelsons' syndrome after 1 year treatment with cabergoline: a case report. J. Endocrinol Invest. (1999) 22:860–865.
- TURNER TH, COOKSON JC, WASS JAH, DRURY PL, PRICE PA, BESSER GM: Psychotic reactions during treatment of pituitary tumours with dopamine agonist. Br. Med. J. (1984) 289:1101-1103.
- BHATT MH, KEENAN SP, FLEETHAM JA et al.: Pleuropul-monary disease associated with dopamine agonist therapy. Ann. Neurol. (1991) 30:613-616.
- FRANS E, DOM R, DEMEDTS M: Pleuropulmonary changes during treatment of Parkinson's disease with a long-acting ergot derivative, cabergoline. Eur. Respir. J. (1992) 5:263–265.
- LING LH, AHLSKOG JE, MUNGER TM, LIMPER AH, OH JK: Constrictive pericarditis and pleuropulmonary disease linked to ergot dopamine agonist therapy (cabergoline) for Parkinson's disease. Mayo Clin. Proc. (1999) 74:371–375.
- LIUZZI A, OPPIZZI G: Microprolactinomas: why requiem for surgery? J. Endocrinol. Invest. (1996) 19:196–198.
- •The indications for surgery in microprolactinomas are likely underestimated as underlined in this brief paper.
- VAN'T VERLAAT JW, CHROUGHS RJ: Withdrawal of bromocriptine after long-term therapy for macropro-lactinomas; effect on plasma prolactin and tumour size. Clin. Endocrinol (1991) 34:175-178.
- FAGLIA G: Should dopamine agonists treatment for prolactinomas be life-long? Clin. Endocrinol. (1991) 34:173–174.
- DI SARNO A, LANDI ML, MARZULLO P et al.: The effect of quinagolide and cabergoline, two selective dopamine receptor type-2 agonists, in the treatment of prolac-tinomas. Gun. Endocrinol. (2000). (In Press).