1,612
Views
30
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Reviews

Treatment options for alopecia: an update, looking to the future

, MD & , MD
Pages 1271-1281 | Published online: 17 May 2012

Bibliography

  • Tosti A, Duque-Estrada B. Treatment strategies for alopecia. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2009;10(6):1017-26
  • Blumeyer A, Tosti A, Messenger A, Evidence-based (S3) guideline for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia in women and in men. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2011;9(Suppl 6):S1-57
  • Mella JM, Perret MC, Manzotti M, Efficacy and safety of finasteride therapy for androgenetic alopecia: a systematic review. Arch Dermatol 2010;146(10):1141-50
  • Olsen EA, Hordinsky M, Whiting D, The importance of dual 5alpha-reductase inhibition in the treatment of male pattern hair loss: results of a randomized placebo-controlled study of dutasteride versus finasteride. J Am Acad Dermatol 2006;55(6):1014-23
  • Stough D. Dutasteride improves male pattern hair loss in a randomized study in identical twins. J Cosmet Dermatol 2007;6(1):9-13
  • Eun HC, Kwon OS, Yeon JH, Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of dutasteride 0.5 mg once daily in male patients with male pattern hair loss: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III study. J Am Acad Dermatol 2010;63(2):252-8
  • D'Amico AV, Roehrborn CG. Effect of 1 mg/day finasteride on concentrations of serum prostate-specific antigen in men with androgenic alopecia: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncol 2007;8(1):21-5
  • Thompson IM, Goodman PJ, Tangen CM, The influence of finasteride on the development of prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 2003;349(3):215-24
  • Andriole GL, Bostwick DG, Brawley OW, Effect of dutasteride on the risk of prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 2010;362(13):1192-202
  • Shenoy NK, Prabhakar SM. Finasteride and male breast cancer: does the MHRA report show a link? J Cutan Aesthet Surg 2010;3(2):102-5
  • Stout SM, Stumpf JL. Finasteride treatment of hair loss in women. Ann Pharmacother 2010;44(6):1090-7
  • Price VH, Roberts JL, Hordinsky M, Lack of efficacy of finasteride in postmenopausal women with androgenetic alopecia. J Am Acad Dermatol 2000;43(5 Pt 1):768-76
  • Whiting DA, Waldstreicher J, Sanchez M, Kaufman KD. Measuring reversal of hair miniaturization in androgenetic alopecia by follicular counts in horizontal sections of serial scalp biopsies: results of finasteride 1 mg treatment of men and postmenopausal women. J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc 1999;4(3):282-4
  • Iorizzo M, Vincenzi C, Voudouris S, Finasteride treatment of female pattern hair loss. Arch Dermatol 2006;142(3):298-302
  • Hajheydari Z, Akbari J, Saeedi M, Shokoohi L. Comparing the therapeutic effects of finasteride gel and tablet in treatment of the androgenetic alopecia. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2009;75(1):47-51
  • Price VH, Menefee E, Strauss PC. Changes in hair weight and hair count in men with androgenetic alopecia, after application of 5 and 2% topical minoxidil, placebo, or no treatment. J Am Acad Dermatol 1999;41(5 Pt 1):717-21
  • Abell E. Histologic response to topically applied minoxidil in male-pattern alopecia. Clin Dermatol 1988;6(4):191-4
  • Olsen EA, Whiting D, Bergfeld W, A multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial of a novel formulation of 5% minoxidil topical foam versus placebo in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia in men. J Am Acad Dermatol 2007;57(5):767-74
  • Blume-Peytavi U, Hillmann K, Dietz E, A randomized, single-blind trial of 5% minoxidil foam once daily versus 2% minoxidil solution twice daily in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia in women. J Am Acad Dermatol 2011;65(6):1126-34; e1122
  • Khandpur S, Suman M, Reddy BS. Comparative efficacy of various treatment regimens for androgenetic alopecia in men. J Dermatol 2002;29(8):489-98
  • Leavitt M, Perez-Meza D, Rao NA, Effects of finasteride (1 mg) on hair transplant. Dermatol Surg 2005;31(10):1268-76; discussion 1276
  • Blume-Peytavi U, Kunte C, Krisp A, Comparison of the efficacy and safety of topical minoxidil and topical alfatradiol in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia in women. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2007;5(5):391-5
  • Leavitt M, Charles G, Heyman E, Michaels D. HairMax LaserComb laser phototherapy device in the treatment of male androgenetic alopecia: a randomized, double-blind, sham device-controlled, multicentre trial. Clin Drug Investig 2009;29(5):283-92
  • Tauchi M, Fuchs TA, Kellenberger AJ, Characterization of an in vivo model for the study of eyelash biology and trichomegaly: mouse eyelash morphology, development, growth cycle, and anagen prolongation by bimatoprost. Br J Dermatol 2010;162(6):1186-97
  • Michelet JF, Commo S, Billoni N, Activation of cytoprotective prostaglandin synthase-1 by minoxidil as a possible explanation for its hair growth-stimulating effect. J Invest Dermatol 1997;108(2):205-9
  • Emer JJ, Stevenson ML, Markowitz O. Novel treatment of female-pattern androgenetic alopecia with injected bimatoprost 0.03% solution. J Drugs Dermatol 2011;10(7):795-8
  • Blume-Peytavi U, Lonnfors S, Hillmann K, Garcia Bartels N. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled pilot study to assess the efficacy of a 24-week topical treatment by latanoprost 0.1% on hair growth and pigmentation in healthy volunteers with androgenetic alopecia. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2012 May;66(5):794-800
  • Takikawa M, Nakamura S, Ishirara M, Enhanced effect of platelet-rich plasma containing a new carrier on hair growth. Dermatol Surg 2011;37(12):1721-9
  • Gilhar A, Paus R, Kalish RS. Lymphocytes, neuropeptides, and genes involved in alopecia areata. J Clin Invest 2007;117(8):2019-27
  • Gip L, Lodin A, Molin L. Alopecia areata. A follow-up investigation of outpatient material. Acta Derm Venereol 1969;49(2):180-8
  • MacDonald Hull SP, Wood ML, Hutchinson PE, Guidelines for the management of alopecia areata. Br J Dermatol 2003;149(4):692-9
  • Tosti A, Bellavista S, Iorizzo M. Alopecia areata: a long term follow-up study of 191 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol 2006;55(3):438-41
  • Delamere FM, Sladden MM, Dobbins HM, Leonardi-Bee J. Interventions for alopecia areata. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008(2):CD004413
  • Tosti A, Iorizzo M, Botta GL, Milani M. Efficacy and safety of a new clobetasol propionate 0.05% foam in alopecia areata: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2006;20(10):1243-7
  • Madani S, Shapiro J. Alopecia areata update. J Am Acad Dermatol 2000;42(4):549-66; quiz 567-570
  • Alsantali A. Alopecia areata: a new treatment plan. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2011;4:107-15
  • Happle R, Hausen BM, Wiesner-Menzel L. Diphencyprone in the treatment of alopecia areata. Acta Derm Venereol 1983;63(1):49-52
  • Rokhsar CK, Shupack JL, Vafai JJ, Washenik K. Efficacy of topical sensitizers in the treatment of alopecia areata. J Am Acad Dermatol 1998;39(5 Pt 1):751-61
  • Wiseman MC, Shapiro J, MacDonald N, Lui H. Predictive model for immunotherapy of alopecia areata with diphencyprone. Arch Dermatol 2001;137(8):1063-8
  • Ohlmeier MC, Traupe H, Luger TA, Bohm M. Topical immunotherapy with diphenylcyclopropenone of patients with alopecia areata – a large retrospective study on 142 patients with a self-controlled design. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2012Apil; 26(4):503-7
  • Singh G, Okade R, Naik C, Dayanand CD. Diphenylcyclopropenone immunotherapy in ophiasis. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2007;73(6):432-3
  • Taylor CR, Hawk JL. PUVA treatment of alopecia areata partialis, totalis and universalis: audit of 10 years' experience at St John's Institute of Dermatology. Br J Dermatol 1995;133(6):914-18
  • Schmoeckel C, Weissmann I, Plewig G, Braun-Falco O. Treatment of alopecia areata by anthralin-induced dermatitis. Arch Dermatol 1979;115(10):1254-5
  • Fiedler-Weiss VC, Buys CM. Evaluation of anthralin in the treatment of alopecia areata. Arch Dermatol 1987;123(11):1491-3
  • Deshpande D, Dhurat R, Saraogi P, Extensive alopecia areata: not necessarily recalcitrant to therapy! Int J Trichol 2011;3(2):80-3
  • Al-Mutairi N. 308-nm excimer laser for the treatment of alopecia areata. Dermatol Surg 2007;33(12):1483-7
  • Al-Mutairi N. 308-nm excimer laser for the treatment of alopecia areata in children. Pediatr Dermatol 2009;26(5):547-50
  • Tekin NS, Tekin IO, Cinar S, The PUVA-turban as an alternative treatment of alopecia associated with chronic graft versus host disease. J Am Acad Dermatol 2005;53(5):902-3
  • Otberg N. Systemic treatment for alopecia areata. Dermatol Ther 2011;24(3):320-5
  • Nakajima T, Inui S, Itami S. Pulse corticosteroid therapy for alopecia areata: study of 139 patients. Dermatology 2007;215(4):320-4
  • Friedli A, Labarthe MP, Engelhardt E, Pulse methylprednisolone therapy for severe alopecia areata: an open prospective study of 45 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol 1998;39(4 Pt 1):597-602
  • Im M, Lee SS, Lee Y, Prognostic factors in methylprednisolone pulse therapy for alopecia areata. J Dermatol 2011;38(8):767-72
  • Kurosawa M, Nakagawa S, Mizuashi M, A comparison of the efficacy, relapse rate and side effects among three modalities of systemic corticosteroid therapy for alopecia areata. Dermatology 2006;212(4):361-5
  • Sharma VK, Gupta S. Twice weekly 5 mg dexamethasone oral pulse in the treatment of extensive alopecia areata. J Dermatol 1999;26(9):562-5
  • Chartaux E, Joly P. Long-term follow-up of the efficacy of methotrexate alone or in combination with low doses of oral corticosteroids in the treatment of alopecia areata totalis or universalis. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2010;137(8-9):507-13
  • Shapiro J, Lui H, Tron V, Ho V. Systemic cyclosporine and low-dose prednisone in the treatment of chronic severe alopecia areata: a clinical and immunopathologic evaluation. J Am Acad Dermatol 1997;36(1):114-17
  • Kim BJ, Min SU, Park KY, Combination therapy of cyclosporine and methylprednisolone on severe alopecia areata. J Dermatolog Treat 2008;19(4):216-20
  • Lee D, Hong SK, Park SW, Serum levels of IL-18 and sIL-2R in patients with alopecia areata receiving combined therapy with oral cyclosporine and steroids. Exp Dermatol 2010;19(2):145-7
  • Cerottini JP, Panizzon RG, de Viragh PA. Multifocal alopecia areata during systemic cyclosporine A therapy. Dermatology 1999;198(4):415-17
  • Ito T, Aoshima M, Ito N, Combination therapy with oral PUVA and corticosteroid for recalcitrant alopecia areata. Arch Dermatol Res 2009;301(5):373-80
  • Petukhova L, Duvic M, Hordinsky M, Genome-wide association study in alopecia areata implicates both innate and adaptive immunity. Nature 2010;466(7302):113-17
  • Petukhova L, Cabral RM, Mackay-Wiggan J, The genetics of alopecia areata: what's new and how will it help our patients? Dermatol Ther 2011;24(3):326-36
  • Hordinsky MK. Treatment of alopecia areata: ‘what is new on the horizon?’. Dermatol Ther 2011;24(3):364-8
  • Grant JE, Odlaug BL, Kim SW. N-acetylcysteine, a glutamate modulator, in the treatment of trichotillomania: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2009;66(7):756-63
  • Harries MJ, Paus R. The pathogenesis of primary cicatricial alopecias. Am J Pathol. 2010 Nov;177(5):2152-62
  • Pozdnyakova O, Mahalingam M. Involvement of the bulge region in primary scarring alopecia. J Cutan Pathol 2008;35(10):922-5
  • Al-Refu K, Edward S, Ingham E, Goodfield M. Expression of hair follicle stem cells detected by cytokeratin 15 stain: implications for pathogenesis of the scarring process in cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Br J Dermatol 2009;160(6):1188-96
  • Harries MJ, Meyer KC, Chaudhry IH, Does collapse of immune privilege in the hair-follicle bulge play a role in the pathogenesis of primary cicatricial alopecia? Clin Exp Dermatol 2010;35(6):637-44
  • Wenzel J, Uerlich M, Worrenkamper E, Scarring skin lesions of discoid lupus erythematosus are characterized by high numbers of skin-homing cytotoxic lymphocytes associated with strong expression of the type 1 interferon-induced protein MxA. Br J Dermatol 2005;153(5):1011-15
  • Wenzel J, Zahn S, Bieber T, Tuting T. Type 1 interferon-associated cytotoxic inflammation in cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Arch Dermatol Res 2009;301(1):83-6
  • Nakajima M, Nakajima A, Kayagaki N, Expression of Fas ligand and its receptor in cutaneous lupus: implication in tissue injury. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1997;83(3):223-9
  • Eichmuller S, van der Veen C, Moll I, Clusters of perifollicular macrophages in normal murine skin: physiological degeneration of selected hair follicles by programmed organ deletion. J Histochem Cytochem 1998;46(3):361-70
  • Stenn KS. Insights from the asebia mouse: a molecular sebaceous gland defect leading to cicatricial alopecia. J Cutan Pathol 2001;28(9):445-7
  • Karnik P, Tekeste Z, McCormick TS, Hair follicle stem cell-specific PPARgamma deletion causes scarring alopecia. J Invest Dermatol 2009;129(5):1243-57
  • Mirmirani P, Karnik P. Lichen planopilaris treated with a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonist. Arch Dermatol 2009;145(12):1363-6
  • Zheng Y, Eilertsen KJ, Ge L, Scd1 is expressed in sebaceous glands and is disrupted in the asebia mouse. Nat Genet 1999;23(3):268-70
  • Stenn KS, Sundberg JP, Sperling LC. Hair follicle biology, the sebaceous gland, and scarring alopecias. Arch Dermatol 1999;135(8):973-4
  • Harries MJ, Sinclair RD, Macdonald-Hull S, Management of primary cicatricial alopecias: options for treatment. Br J Dermatol 2008;159(1):1-22
  • Kang H, Alzolibani AA, Otberg N, Shapiro J. Lichen planopilaris. Dermatol Ther 2008;21(4):249-56
  • Chieregato C, Zini A, Barba A, Lichen planopilaris: report of 30 cases and review of the literature. Int J Dermatol 2003;42(5):342-5
  • Mehregan DA, Van Hale HM, Muller SA. Lichen planopilaris: clinical and pathologic study of forty-five patients. J Am Acad Dermatol 1992;27(6 Pt 1):935-42
  • Wiseman MC, Shapiro J. Scarring alopecia. J Cutan Med Surg 1999;3(Suppl 3):S45-8
  • Chiang C, Sah D, Cho BK, Hydroxychloroquine and lichen planopilaris: efficacy and introduction of lichen planopilaris activity index scoring system. J Am Acad Dermatol 2010;62(3):387-92
  • Cho BK, Sah D, Chwalek J, Efficacy and safety of mycophenolate mofetil for lichen planopilaris. J Am Acad Dermatol 2010;62(3):393-7
  • Moreno-Ramirez D, Camacho Martinez F. Frontal fibrosing alopecia: a survey in 16 patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2005;19(6):700-5
  • Tosti A, Piraccini BM, Iorizzo M, Misciali C. Frontal fibrosing alopecia in postmenopausal women. J Am Acad Dermatol 2005;52(1):55-60
  • Georgala S, Katoulis AC, Befon A, Treatment of postmenopausal frontal fibrosing alopecia with oral dutasteride. J Am Acad Dermatol 2009;61(1):157-8
  • Katoulis A, Georgala Bozi E, Frontal fibrosing alopecia: treatment with oral dutasteride and topical pimecrolimus. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2009;23(5):580-2
  • Navarini AA, Kolios AG, Prinz-Vavricka BM, Low-dose excimer 308-nm laser for treatment of lichen planopilaris. Arch Dermatol 2011;147(11):1325-6
  • Hordinsky M. Cicatricial alopecia: discoid lupus erythematosus. Dermatol Ther 2008;21(4):245-8
  • Tlacuilo-Parra A, Guevara-Gutierrez E, Gutierrez-Murillo F, Pimecrolimus 1% cream for the treatment of discoid lupus erythematosus. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2005;44(12):1564-8
  • Callen JP. Chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Clinical, laboratory, therapeutic, and prognostic examination of 62 patients. Arch Dermatol 1982;118(6):412-16
  • Wu JJ, Huang DB, Pang KR, Thalidomide: dermatological indications, mechanisms of action and side-effects. Br J Dermatol 2005;153(2):254-73
  • Jessop S, Whitelaw DA, Delamere FM. Drugs for discoid lupus erythematosus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009(4):CD002954
  • Castano-Suarez E, Romero-Mate A, Arias-Palomo D, Borbujo J. Photodynamic therapy for the treatment of folliculitis decalvans. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed 2012;28(2):102-4
  • Adams JU. Raising hairs. Nat Biotechnol 2011;29(6):474-6
  • Zimber MP, Ziering C, Zeigler F, Hair regrowth following a Wnt- and follistatin containing treatment: safety and efficacy in a first-in-man phase I clinical trial. J Drugs Dermatol 2011;10(11):1308-12
  • McElwee KJ, Kissling S, Wenzel E, Cultured peribulbar dermal sheath cells can induce hair follicle development and contribute to the dermal sheath and dermal papilla. J Invest Dermatol 2003;121(6):1267-75

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.