Iron sucrose – characteristics, efficacy and regulatory aspects of an established treatment of iron deficiency and iron-deficiency anemia in a broad range of therapeutic areas

Bibliography

• Murray CJ, Lopez AD. Measuring the global burden of disease. N Engl J Med 2013;369:448-57
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aapro M, Osterborg A, Gascon P, et al. Prevalence and management of cancer-related anaemia, iron deficiency and the specific role of intravenous iron. Ann Oncol 2012;23:1954-62
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beglinger C, Breymann C. Behandlung von eisenmangel. Schweiz Med Forum 2010;10:1-6
   Google Scholar
• Breymann C, Honegger C, Holzgreve W, Surbek D. Diagnosis and treatment of iron-deficiency anaemia during pregnancy and postpartum. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2010;282:577-80
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gisbert JP, Gomollon F. Common misconceptions in the diagnosis and management of anemia in inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Gastroenterol 2008;103:1299-307
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goddard AF, James MW, McIntyre AS, Scott BB. Guidelines for the management of iron deficiency anaemia. Gut 2011;60:1309-16
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He SW, Wang LX. The impact of anemia on the prognosis of chronic heart failure: a meta-analysis and systemic review. Congest Heart Fail 2009;15:123-30
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nurko S. Anemia in chronic kidney disease: causes, diagnosis, treatment. Cleve Clin J Med 2006;73:289-97
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gasche C, Berstad A, Befrits R, et al. Guidelines on the diagnosis and management of iron deficiency and anemia in inflammatory bowel diseases. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2007;13:1545-53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiss G, Goodnough LT. Anemia of chronic disease. N Engl J Med 2005;352:1011-23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ershler WB, Chen K, Reyes EB, Dubois R. Economic burden of patients with anemia in selected diseases. Value Health 2005;8:629-38
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evstatiev R, Gasche C. Iron sensing and signalling. Gut 2012;61:933-52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jankowska EA, Malyszko J, Ardehali H, et al. Iron status in patients with chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J 2013;34:827-34
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anker SD, Comin CJ, Filippatos G, et al. Ferric carboxymaltose in patients with heart failure and iron deficiency. N Engl J Med 2009;361:2436-48
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brownlie T, Utermohlen V, Hinton PS, Haas JD. Tissue iron deficiency without anemia impairs adaptation in endurance capacity after aerobic training in previously untrained women. Am J Clin Nutr 2004;79:437-43
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Breymann C, Bian XM, Blanco-Capito LR, et al. Expert recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of iron-deficiency anemia during pregnancy and the postpartum period in the Asia-Pacific region. J Perinat Med 2011;39:113-21
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodnough LT, Maniatis A, Earnshaw P, et al. Detection, evaluation, and management of preoperative anaemia in the elective orthopaedic surgical patient: NATA guidelines. Br J Anaesth 2011;106:13-22
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kidney disease: improving global outcomes (KDIGO) anemia work group. KDIGO clinical practice guideline for anemia in chronic kidney disease. Kidney int Suppl 2012;2(4):279-335
   Google Scholar
• McMurray JJ, Adamopoulos S, Anker SD, et al. ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012: The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure 2012 of the European Society of Cardiology. Developed in collaboration with the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Eur Heart J 2012;33:1787-847
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NCCN Practice Guidelines in Oncology; Cancer and Chemotherapy-Induced Anemia - v.2.2014. National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Inc. 2014. Available from: http://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/PDF/anemia.pdf [Last accessed 5 March 2014]
   Google Scholar
• Van Assche G, Dignass A, Bokemeyer B, et al. Second European evidence-based consensus on the diagnosis and management of ulcerative colitis part 3: special situations. J Crohns Colitis 2013;7:1-33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geisser P, Burckhardt S. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of iron preparations. Pharmaceutics 2011;3:12-33
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Alleyne M, Horne MK, Miller JL. Individualized treatment for iron-deficiency anemia in adults. Am J Med 2008;121:943-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pavord S, Myers B, Robinson S, et al. UK guidelines on the management of iron deficiency in pregnancy. Br J Haematol 2012;156:588-600
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shander A, Javidroozi M, Perelman S, et al. From bloodless surgery to patient blood management. Mt Sinai J Med 2012;79:56-65
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Koskenkorva-Frank TS, Weiss G, Koppenol WH, Burckhardt S. The complex interplay of iron metabolism, reactive oxygen species, and reactive nitrogen species: insights into the potential of various iron therapies to induce oxidative and nitrosative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2013;65:1174-94
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brugnara C, Chambers LA, Malynn E, et al. Red blood cell regeneration induced by subcutaneous recombinant erythropoietin: iron-deficient erythropoiesis in iron-replete subjects. Blood 1993;81:956-64
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fillet G, Beguin Y, Baldelli L. Model of reticuloendothelial iron metabolism in humans: abnormal behavior in idiopathic hemochromatosis and in inflammation. Blood 1989;74:844-51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ganz T. Systemic iron homeostasis. Physiol Rev 2013;93:1721-41
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munoz M, Martin-Montanez E. Ferric carboxymaltose for the treatment of iron-deficiency anemia. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2012;13:907-21
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bailie GR, Horl WH, Verhof JJ. Differences in spontaneously reported hypersensitivity and serious adverse events for intravenous iron preparations: comparison of Europe and North America. Drug Res 2011;61:267-75
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chertow GM, Mason PD, Vaage-Nilsen O, Ahlmen J. Update on adverse drug events associated with parenteral iron. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2006;21:378-82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee ES, Park BR, Kim JS, et al. Comparison of adverse event profile of intravenous iron sucrose and iron sucrose similar in postpartum and gynecologic operative patients. Curr Med Res Opin 2013;29:141-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin-Malo A, Merino A, Carracedo J, et al. Effects of intravenous iron on mononuclear cells during the haemodialysis session. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012;27:2465-71
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rottembourg J, Kadri A, Leonard E, et al. Do two intravenous iron sucrose preparations have the same efficacy? Nephrol Dial Transplant 2011;26:3262-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stein J, Dignass A, Chow KU. Clinical case reports raise doubts about the therapeutic equivalence of an iron sucrose similar preparation compared with iron sucrose originator. Curr Med Res Opin 2012;28:241-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toblli JE, Cao G, Oliveri L, Angerosa M. Comparison of oxidative stress and inflammation induced by different intravenous iron sucrose similar preparations in a rat model. Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets 2012;11:66-78
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Borchard G, Fluhmann B, Muhlebach S. Nanoparticle iron medicinal products - Requirements for approval of intended copies of non-biological complex drugs (NBCD) and the importance of clinical comparative studies. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2012;64:324-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schellekens H, Stegemann S, Weinstein V, et al. How to regulate nonbiological complex drugs (NBCD) and their follow-on versions: points to consider. AAPS J 2014;16:15-21
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Summary of product characteristics, Venofer. Vifor Pharma UK Ltd. 2013. Available from: http://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/24168/SPC/Venofer+(iron+sucrose) [Last accessed 30 March 2014]
   Google Scholar
• Ganzoni AM. [Intravenous iron-dextran: therapeutic and experimental possibilities]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1970;100:301-3
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Beguin Y, Aapro M, Ludwig H, et al. Epidemiological and nonclinical studies investigating effects of iron in carcinogenesis - a critical review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2014;89:1-15
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Danielson BG, Salmonson T, Derendorf H, Geisser P. Pharmacokinetics of iron(III)-hydroxide sucrose complex after a single intravenous dose in healthy volunteers. Arzneimittelforschung 1996;46:615-21
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beshara S, Lundqvist H, Sundin J, et al. Pharmacokinetics and red cell utilization of iron(III) hydroxide-sucrose complex in anaemic patients: a study using positron emission tomography. Br J Haematol 1999;104:296-302
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li H, Wang SX. Intravenous iron sucrose in peritoneal dialysis patients with renal anemia. Perit Dial Int 2008;28:149-54
   Google Scholar
• Li H, Wang SX. Intravenous iron sucrose in Chinese hemodialysis patients with renal anemia. Blood Purif 2008;26:151-6
   Google Scholar
• Haddad A, Abbadi R, Marji A. Use of iron sucrose in dialysis patients sensitive to iron dextran. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2009;20:208-11
   Google Scholar
• Mircescu G, Garneata L, Capusa C, Ursea N. Intravenous iron supplementation for the treatment of anaemia in pre-dialyzed chronic renal failure patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2006;21:120-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tagboto S, Cropper L, Mostafa S, et al. Intravenous iron in chronic kidney disease: haemoglobin change shortly after treatment of patients neither on dialysis nor on erythropoietin. J Ren Care 2008;34:112-15
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Van Wyck DB, Roppolo M, Martinez CO, et al. A randomized, controlled trial comparing IV iron sucrose to oral iron in anemic patients with nondialysis-dependent CKD. Kidney Int 2005;68:2846-56
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindgren S, Wikman O, Befrits R, et al. Intravenous iron sucrose is superior to oral iron sulphate for correcting anaemia and restoring iron stores in IBD patients: a randomized, controlled, evaluator-blind, multicentre study. Scand J Gastroenterol 2009;44:838-45
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gisbert JP, Bermejo F, Pajares R, et al. Oral and intravenous iron treatment in inflammatory bowel disease: hematological response and quality of life improvement. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2009;15:1485-91
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evstatiev R, Marteau P, Iqbal T, et al. FERGIcor, a randomized controlled trial on ferric carboxymaltose for iron deficiency anemia in inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology 2011;141:846-53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• al-Momen AK, al-Meshari A, al-Nuaim L, et al. Intravenous iron sucrose complex in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1996;69:121-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bayoumeu F, Subiran-Buisset C, Baka NE, et al. Iron therapy in iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy: intravenous route versus oral route. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002;186:518-22
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bencaiova G, von Mandach U, Zimmermann R. Iron prophylaxis in pregnancy: intravenous route versus oral route. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2009;144:135-9
   Google Scholar
• Al RA, Unlubilgin E, Kandemir O, et al. Intravenous versus oral iron for treatment of anemia in pregnancy: a randomized trial. Obstet Gynecol 2005;106:1335-40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhandal N, Russell R. Intravenous versus oral iron therapy for postpartum anaemia. BJOG 2006;113:1248-52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giannoulis C, Daniilidis A, Tantanasis T, et al. Intravenous administration of iron sucrose for treating anemia in postpartum women. Hippokratia 2009;13:38-40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krayenbuehl PA, Battegay E, Breymann C, et al. Intravenous iron for the treatment of fatigue in nonanemic, premenopausal women with low serum ferritin concentration. Blood 2011;118:3222-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hedenus M, Birgegard G, Nasman P, et al. Addition of intravenous iron to epoetin beta increases hemoglobin response and decreases epoetin dose requirement in anemic patients with lymphoproliferative malignancies: a randomized multicenter study. Leukemia 2007;21:627-32
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hedenus M, Nasman P, Liwing J. Economic evaluation in Sweden of epoetin beta with intravenous iron supplementation in anaemic patients with lymphoproliferative malignancies not receiving chemotherapy. J Clin Pharm Ther 2008;33:365-74
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beguin Y, Maertens J, De PB, et al. Darbepoetin-alfa and intravenous iron administration after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a prospective multicenter randomized trial. Am J Hematol 2013;88:990-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dangsuwan P, Manchana T. Blood transfusion reduction with intravenous iron in gynecologic cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Gynecol Oncol 2010;116:522-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim YT, Kim SW, Yoon BS, et al. Effect of intravenously administered iron sucrose on the prevention of anemia in the cervical cancer patients treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Gynecol Oncol 2007;105:199-204
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steinmetz T, Tschechne B, Harlin O, et al. Clinical experience with ferric carboxymaltose in the treatment of cancer- and chemotherapy-associated anaemia. Ann Oncol 2013;24:475-82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rohling RG, Zimmermann AP, Breymann C. Intravenous versus oral iron supplementation for preoperative stimulation of hemoglobin synthesis using recombinant human erythropoietin. J Hematother Stem Cell Res 2000;9:497-500
   Google Scholar
• Olijhoek G, Megens JG, Musto P, et al. Role of oral versus IV iron supplementation in the erythropoietic response to rHuEPO: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Transfusion 2001;41:957-63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braga M, Gianotti L, Vignali A, et al. Evaluation of recombinant human erythropoietin to facilitate autologous blood donation before surgery in anaemic patients with cancer of the gastrointestinal tract. Br J Surg 1995;82:1637-40
   Google Scholar
• Kim YH, Chung HH, Kang SB, et al. Safety and usefulness of intravenous iron sucrose in the management of preoperative anemia in patients with menorrhagia: a phase IV, open-label, prospective, randomized study. Acta Haematol 2009;121:37-41
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munoz M, Gomez-Ramirez S, Cuenca J, et al. Very-short-term perioperative intravenous iron administration and postoperative outcome in major orthopedic surgery: a pooled analysis of observational data from 2547 patients. Transfusion 2014;54:289-99
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karkouti K, McCluskey SA, Ghannam M, et al. Intravenous iron and recombinant erythropoietin for the treatment of postoperative anemia. Can J Anaesth 2006;53:11-19
   Google Scholar
• Madi-Jebara SN, Sleilaty GS, Achouh PE, et al. Postoperative intravenous iron used alone or in combination with low-dose erythropoietin is not effective for correction of anemia after cardiac surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2004;18:59-63
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Serrano-Trenas JA, Ugalde PF, Cabello LM, et al. Role of perioperative intravenous iron therapy in elderly hip fracture patients: a single-center randomized controlled trial. Transfusion 2011;51:97-104
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garrido-Martin P, Nassar-Mansur MI, Llana-Ducros R, et al. The effect of intravenous and oral iron administration on perioperative anaemia and transfusion requirements in patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery: a randomized clinical trial. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2012;15:1013-18
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okonko DO, Grzeslo A, Witkowski T, et al. Effect of intravenous iron sucrose on exercise tolerance in anemic and nonanemic patients with symptomatic chronic heart failure and iron deficiency FERRIC-HF: a randomized, controlled, observer-blinded trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2008;51:103-12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crary SE, Hall K, Buchanan GR. Intravenous iron sucrose for children with iron deficiency failing to respond to oral iron therapy. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011;56:615-19
   Google Scholar
• Akarsu S, Taskin E, Yilmaz E, et al. Treatment of iron deficiency anemia with intravenous iron preparations. Acta Haematol 2006;116:51-7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pinsk V, Levy J, Moser A, et al. Efficacy and safety of intravenous iron sucrose therapy in a group of children with iron deficiency anemia. Isr Med Assoc J 2008;10:335-8
   Google Scholar
• Anbu AT, Kemp T, O’donnell K, et al. Low incidence of adverse events following 90-minute and 3-min infusions of intravenous iron sucrose in children on erythropoietin. Acta Paediatr 2005;94:1738-41
   Google Scholar
• Aronoff GR, Bennett WM, Blumenthal S, et al. Iron sucrose in hemodialysis patients: safety of replacement and maintenance regimens. Kidney Int 2004;66:1193-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bodemar G, Kechagias S, Almer S, Danielson BG. Treatment of anaemia in inflammatory bowel disease with iron sucrose. Scand J Gastroenterol 2004;39:454-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Breymann C, Visca E, Huch R, Huch A. Efficacy and safety of intravenously administered iron sucrose with and without adjuvant recombinant human erythropoietin for the treatment of resistant iron-deficiency anemia during pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2001;184:662-7
   Google Scholar
• Breymann C, von Seefried B, Stahel M, et al. Milk iron content in breast-feeding mothers after administration of intravenous iron sucrose complex. J Perinat Med 2007;35:115-18
   Google Scholar
• Charytan C, Levin N, Al-Saloum M, et al. Efficacy and safety of iron sucrose for iron deficiency in patients with dialysis-associated anemia: North American clinical trial. Am J Kidney Dis 2001;37:300-7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Charytan C, Schwenk MH, Al-Saloum MM, Spinowitz BS. Safety of iron sucrose in hemodialysis patients intolerant to other parenteral iron products. Nephron Clin Pract 2004;96:c63-6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Charytan C, Qunibi W, Bailie GR. Comparison of intravenous iron sucrose to oral iron in the treatment of anemic patients with chronic kidney disease not on dialysis. Nephron Clin Pract 2005;100:c55-62
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gesemann M, Mielsch I, Gentner PR, et al. Intravenous vs. oral iron supplementation during autologous blood donation. Beitr Infusionsther Transfusionsmed 1996;33:180-3
   Google Scholar
• Krafft A, Bencaiova G, Breymann C. Selective use of recombinant human erythropoietin in pregnant patients with severe anemia or nonresponsive to iron sucrose alone. Fetal Diagn Ther 2009;25:239-45
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Singh H, Reed J, Noble S, et al. Effect of intravenous iron sucrose in peritoneal dialysis patients who receive erythropoiesis-stimulating agents for anemia: a randomized, controlled trial. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2006;1:475-82
   Google Scholar
• Westad S, Backe B, Salvesen KA, et al. A 12-week randomised study comparing intravenous iron sucrose versus oral ferrous sulphate for treatment of postpartum anemia. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2008;87:916-23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bailie GR, Clark JA, Lane CE, Lane PL. Hypersensitivity reactions and deaths associated with intravenous iron preparations. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2005;20:1443-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bailie GR, Verhoef JJ. Differences in the reporting rates of serious allergic adverse events from intravenous iron by country and population. Clin Adv Hematol Oncol 2012;10:101-8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Assessment report for: iron containing intravenous (IV) medicinal products. European Medicines Agency. 2013. Available from: http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/Referrals_document/IV_iron_31/WC500150771.pdf [Last accessed 30 March 2014]
   Google Scholar
• Litton E, Xiao J, Ho KM. Safety and efficacy of intravenous iron therapy in reducing requirement for allogeneic blood transfusion: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials. BMJ 2013;347:f4822
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bansal A, Sandhu G, Gupta I, et al. Effect of aggressively driven intravenous iron therapy on infectious complications in end-stage renal disease patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Am J Ther 2014;21(4):250-3
   Google Scholar
• Brookhart MA, Freburger JK, Ellis AR, et al. Infection risk with bolus versus maintenance iron supplementation in hemodialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 2013;24:1151-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• European Parliament. Directive 2001/83/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 November 2001 on the community code relating to medicinal products for human use. Official Journal L 2011;311:67-128
   Google Scholar
• Ehmann F, Sakai-Kato K, Duncan R, et al. Next-generation nanomedicines and nanosimilars: EU regulators’ initiatives relating to the development and evaluation of nanomedicines. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2013;8:849-56
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reflection paper on the data requirements for intravenous iron-based nano-colloidal products developed with reference to an innovator medicinal product. European Medicines Agency. 2013. Available from: http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/Scientific_guideline/2013/09/WC500149496.pdf [Last accessed 30 March 2014]
   Google Scholar
• Draft guidance on iron sucrose. U.S.Food and Drug Administration. 2013. Available from: http://www.fda.gov/downloads/drugs/guidancecomplianceregulatoryinformation/guidances/ucm297630.pdf [Last accessed 25 May 2014]
   Google Scholar
• Cook CS. Current issues on bioavailability and bioequivalence determination. J Bioequiv Availab 2011;S1:1-5
   Google Scholar
• Desai N. Challenges in development of nanoparticle-based therapeutics. AAPS J 2012;14:282-95
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macdougall IC, Chandler G, Elston O, Harchowal J. Beneficial effects of adopting an aggressive intravenous iron policy in a hemodialysis unit. Am J Kidney Dis 1999;34:S40-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szucs TD, Blank P, Schwenkglenks M, Aapro M. Potential health economic impact of i.v. iron supplementation to ESA treatment in patients with cancer- or chemotherapy-induced anaemia. Oncology 2011;81:45-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bastit L, Vandebroek A, Altintas S, et al. Randomized, multicenter, controlled trial comparing the efficacy and safety of darbepoetin alpha administered every 3 weeks with or without intravenous iron in patients with chemotherapy-induced anemia. J Clin Oncol 2008;26:1611-18
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kosch M, Bahner U, Bettger H, et al. A randomized, controlled parallel-group trial on efficacy and safety of iron sucrose (Venofer) vs iron gluconate (Ferrlecit) in haemodialysis patients treated with rHuEpo. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2001;16:1239-44
   Google Scholar
• Lacueva-Moya J, Antolín-Cariñena A, Santamaría C, Vicent-Bayarri C. Effect on anaemia of haemodialysis patients after the change from iron gluconate to iron sucrose. DyT 2005;26:19-26
   Google Scholar