228
Views
46
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Pharmacotherapy of neuroendocrine cancers

, , , &
Pages 2617-2626 | Published online: 19 Sep 2008

Bibliography

  • Gustafsson BI, Kidd M, Modlin IM. Neuroendocrine tumors of the diffuse neuroendocrine system. Curr Opin Oncol 2008;20(1):1-12
  • Leiblich A, Cross SS, Catto JW, et al. Human prostate cancer cells express neuroendocrine cell markers PGP 9.5 and chromogranin A. Prostate 2007;67(16):1761-69
  • Tse GM, Ma TK, Chu WC, et al. Neuroendocrine differentiation in pure type mammary mucinous carcinoma is associated with favorable histologic and immunohistochemical parameters. Mod Pathol 2004;17(5):568-72
  • Hauso O, Gustafsson BI, Waldum HL. Long slender cytoplasmic extensions: a common feature of neuroendocrine cells? J Neuroendocrinol 2007;19(9):739-42
  • Kidd M, Modlin IM, Gustafsson BI, et al. The luminal regulation of normal and neoplastic human EC cell serotonin release is mediated by bile salts, amines, tastants and olfactants. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2008;295:G260-72
  • Modlin IM, Shapiro MD, Kidd M. Carcinoid tumors and fibrosis: an association with no explanation. Am J Gastroenterol 2004;99(12)2466-78
  • Tamagno G, Goglia U, Villa G, Murialdo G. Lung fibrosis in carcinoid syndrome. Intern Med 2007;46(7)425-6
  • Modlin IM, Latich I, Kidd M, et al. Therapeutic options for gastrointestinal carcinoids. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006;4(5)526-47
  • Nilsson O, Kolby L, Wangberg B, et al. Comparative studies on the expression of somatostatin receptor subtypes, outcome of octreotide scintigraphy and response to octreotide treatment in patients with carcinoid tumours. Br J Cancer 1998;77(4)632-7
  • Oberg K. Future aspects of somatostatin-receptor-mediated therapy. Neuroendocrinology 2004;80(Suppl 1):57-61
  • Bruns C, Weckbecker G, Raulf F, et al. Molecular pharmacology of somatostatin-receptor subtypes. Ann NY Acad Sci 1994;(733):138-46
  • Kvols LK, Moertel CG, O'Connell MJ, et al. Treatment of the malignant carcinoid syndrome. Evaluation of a long-acting somatostatin analogue N Engl J Med 1986;315(11):663-6
  • Kvols L, Moertel C, Schutt A, Rubin J. Treatment of the malignant carcinoid syndrome with a long-acting octreotide analogue (SMS 201-955): preliminary evidence that more is not better [abstract]. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 1987;(6):95
  • Vinik A, Moattari AR. Use of somatostatin analog in management of carcinoid syndrome. Dig Dis Sci 1989;34(3 Suppl):14S-27S
  • Oberg K, Norheim I, Theodorsson E. Treatment of malignant midgut carcinoid tumours with a long-acting somatostatin analogue octreotide. Acta Oncol 1991;30(4):503-7
  • Saltz L, Trochanowski B, Buckley M, et al. Octreotide as an antineoplastic agent in the treatment of functional and nonfunctional neuroendocrine tumors. Cancer 1993;72(1):244-8
  • Janson EM, Ahlstrom H, Andersson T, Oberg KE. Octreotide and interferon alfa: a new combination for the treatment of malignant carcinoid tumours. Eur J Cancer 1992;28A(10):1647-50
  • Janson ET, Oberg K. Long-term management of the carcinoid syndrome. Treatment with octreotide alone and in combination with alpha-interferon. Acta Oncol 1993;32(2):225-9
  • Di Bartolomeo M, Bajetta E, Buzzoni R, et al. Clinical efficacy of octreotide in the treatment of metastatic neuroendocrine tumors. A study by the Italian Trials in Medical Oncology Group. Cancer 1996;77(2):402-8
  • O'Toole D, Ducreux M, Bommelaer G, et al. Treatment of carcinoid syndrome: a prospective crossover evaluation of lanreotide versus octreotide in terms of efficacy, patient acceptability, and tolerance. Cancer 2000;88(4):770-6
  • Garland J, Buscombe JR, Bouvier C, et al. Sandostatin LAR (long-acting octreotide acetate) for malignant carcinoid syndrome: a 3-year experience. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003;17(3):437-44
  • Gulanikar AC, Kotylak G, Bitter-Suermann H. Does immunosuppression alter the growth of metastatic liver carcinoid after orthotopic liver transplantation? Transplant Proc 1991;23(4):2197-8
  • Kolby L, Persson G, Franzen S, Ahren B. Randomized clinical trial of the effect of interferon alpha on survival in patients with disseminated midgut carcinoid tumours. Br J Surg 2003;90(6):687-93
  • Welin SV, Janson ET, Sundin A, et al. High-dose treatment with a long-acting somatostatin analogue in patients with advanced midgut carcinoid tumours. Eur J Endocrinol 2004;151(1):107-12
  • Scherubl H, Wiedenmann B, Riecken EO, et al. Treatment of the carcinoid syndrome with a depot formulation of the somatostatin analogue lanreotide. Eur J Cancer 1994;30A(10):1590-1
  • Eriksson B, Janson ET, Bax ND, et al. The use of new somatostatin analogues, lanreotide and octastatin, in neuroendocrine gastro-intestinal tumours. Digestion 1996;57(Suppl 1):77-80
  • Ruszniewski P, Ducreux M, Chayvialle JA, et al. Treatment of the carcinoid syndrome with the longacting somatostatin analogue lanreotide: a prospective study in 39 patients. Gut 1996;39(2):279-83
  • Wymenga AN, Eriksson B, Salmela PI, et al. Efficacy and safety of prolonged-release lanreotide in patients with gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors and hormone-related symptoms. J Clin Oncol 1999;17(4):1111
  • Tomassetti P, Migliori M, Corinaldesi R, Gullo L. Treatment of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours with octreotide LAR. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000;14(5):557-60
  • Ricci S, Antonuzzo A, Galli L, et al. Long-acting depot lanreotide in the treatment of patients with advanced neuroendocrine tumors. Am J Clin Oncol 2000;23(4):412-5
  • Rohaizak M, Farndon JR. Use of octreotide and lanreotide in the treatment of symptomatic non-resectable carcinoid tumours. Aust N Z J Surg 2002;72(9):635-8
  • Canobbio L, Cannata D, Miglietta L, et al. Use of long-acting somatostatin analogue, lanreotide, in neuroendocrine tumors. Oncol Rep 1994;1:129-31
  • Faiss S, Rath U, Mansmann U. Ultra-high dose lanreotide treatment in patients with metastatic neuroendocrine gastroenteropancreatic tumors. Digestion 1999;60:469-76
  • Ducreux M, Ruszniewski M, Chayvialle J. The antitumoral effect of the long-acting somatostatin analog lanreotide in neuroendocrine tumors. Am J Gastroenterol 2000;95:3276-81
  • Ruszniewski P, Ish-Shalom S, Wymenga M, et al. Rapid and sustained relief from the symptoms of carcinoid syndrome: results from an open 6-month study of the 28-day prolonged-release formulation of lanreotide. Neuroendocrinology 2004;80(4):244-51
  • Oberg K, Kvols L, Caplin M. Consensus report on the use of somtastatin analogs for the management of neuroendocrine tumors of the gastroenteropancreatic system. Ann Oncol 2004;15:966-73
  • Boerlin V, Van Der Hoek J, Beglinger C, et al. New insights on SOM230, a universal somatostatin receptor ligand. J Endocrinol Invest 2003;26(8 Suppl):14-6
  • Bruns C, Lewis I, Briner U, et al. SOM230: a novel somatostatin peptidomimetic with broad somatotropin release inhibiting factor (SRIF) receptor binding and a unique antisecretory profile. Eur J Endocrinol 2002;146(5):707-16
  • Schmid HA, Schoeffter P. Functional activity of the multiligand analog SOM230 at human recombinant somatostatin receptor subtypes supports its usefulness in neuroendocrine tumors. Neuroendocrinology 2004;80(Suppl 1):47-50
  • Bajetta E, Procopio G, Catena L, et al. Lanreotide autogel every 6 weeks compared with lanreotide microparticles every 3 weeks in patients with well differentiated neuroendocrine tumors: a phase III study. Cancer 2006;107(10):2474-81
  • Sahin M, Kartal A, Belviranli M, et al. Effect of octreotide (Sandostatin 201-995) on bile flow and bile components. Dig Dis Sci 1999;44(1):181-5
  • Arnold R, Trautmann ME, Creutzfeldt W, et al. Somatostatin analogue octreotide and inhibition of tumour growth in metastatic endocrine gastroenteropancreatic tumours. Gut 1996;38(3):430-8
  • Hanssen LE, Schrumpf E, Kolbenstvedt AN, et al. Treatment of malignant metastatic midgut carcinoid tumours with recombinant human alpha2b interferon with or without prior hepatic artery embolization. Scand J Gastroenterol 1989;24(7):787-95
  • Oberg K, Alm G, Magnusson A, et al. Treatment of malignant carcinoid tumors with recombinant interferon alfa-2b: development of neutralizing interferon antibodies and possible loss of antitumor activity. J Natl Cancer Inst 1989;81(7):531-5
  • Bartsch H, Stockman F, Arnold R, Creutzfeldt W. Treatment of patients with metastatic carcinoid tumors by recombinant human interferon-alpha-results from a phase II study [abstract]. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1991;116(Suppl):305
  • Oberg K, Eriksson B. The role of interferons in the management of carcinoid tumours. Br J Haematol 1991;79(Suppl 1):74-7
  • Schober C, Schmoll E, Schmoll HJ, et al. Antitumour effect and symptomatic control with interferon alpha 2b in patients with endocrine active tumours. Eur J Cancer 1992;28A(10):1664-6
  • Joensuu H, Kumpulainen E, Grohn P. Treatment of metastatic carcinoid tumour with recombinant interferon alfa. Eur J Cancer 1992;28A(10):1650-3
  • Biesma B, Willemse PH, Mulder NH, et al. Recombinant interferon alpha-2b in patients with metastatic apudomas: effect on tumours and tumour markers. Br J Cancer 1992;66(5):850-5
  • Janson ET, Ronnblom L, Ahlstrom H, et al. Treatment with alpha-interferon versus alpha-interferon in combination with streptozocin and doxorubicin in patients with malignant carcinoid tumors: a randomized trial. Ann Oncol 1992;3(8):635-8
  • Bajetta E, Zilembo N, Di Bartolomeo M, et al. Treatment of metastatic carcinoids and other neuroendocrine tumors with recombinant interferon-alpha-2a. A study by the Italian Trials in Medical Oncology Group. Cancer 1993;72(10):3099-105
  • Di Bartolomeo M, Bajetta E, Zilembo N, et al. Treatment of carcinoid syndrome with recombinant interferon alpha-2a. Acta Oncol 1993;32(2):235-8
  • Jacobsen MB, Hanssen LE, Kolmannskog F, et al. Interferon-alpha 2b, with or without prior hepatic artery embolization: clinical response and survival in mid-gut carcinoid patients. The Norwegian Carcinoid Study. Scand J Gastroenterol 1995;30(8):789-96
  • Creutzfeldt W, Bartsch HH, Jacubaschke U, Stockmann F. Treatment of gastrointestinal endocrine tumours with interferon-alpha and octreotide. Acta Oncol 1991;30(4):529-35
  • Dirix LY, Vermeulen PB, Fierens H, et al. Long-term results of continuous treatment with recombinant interferon-alpha in patients with metastatic carcinoid tumors – an antiangiogenic effect? Anticancer Drugs 1996;7(2):175-81
  • Oberg K, Norheim I, Lind E, et al. Treatment of malignant carcinoid tumors with human leukocyte interferon: long-term results. Cancer Treat Rep 1986;70(11):1297-304
  • Nobin A, Lindblom A, Mansson B, Sundberg M. Interferon treatment in patients with malignant carcinoids. Acta Oncol 1989;28(3):445-9
  • Oberg K, Norheim I, Alm G. Treatment of malignant carcinoid tumors: a randomized controlled study of streptozocin plus 5-FU and human leukocyte interferon. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 1989;25(10):1475-9
  • Valimaki M, Jarvinen H, Salmela P, et al. Is the treatment of metastatic carcinoid tumor with interferon not as successful as suggested? Cancer 1991;67(3):547-9
  • Ahren B, Engman K, Lindblom A. Treatment of malignant midgut carcinoid with a highly purified human leukocyte alpha-interferon. Anticancer Res 1992;12(1):129-33
  • Janson ET, Kauppinen HL, Oberg K. Combined alpha- and gamma-interferon therapy for malignant midgut carcinoid tumors. A phase I-II trial. Acta Oncol 1993;32(2):231-3
  • Frank M, Klose KJ, Wied M, et al. Combination therapy with octreotide and alpha-interferon: effect on tumor growth in metastatic endocrine gastroenteropancreatic tumors. Am J Gastroenterol 1999;94(5):1381-7
  • Moertel CG. Treatment of the carcinoid tumor and the malignant carcinoid syndrome. J Clin Oncol 1983;1(11):727-40
  • Moertel C, Martin JK, O'Connell MJ. Phase II trials in the malignant carcinoid tumor and the carcinoid syndrome. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 1982;2:169
  • Engstrom PF, Lavin PT, Moertel CG, et al. Streptozocin plus fluorouracil versus doxorubicin therapy for metastatic carcinoid tumor. J Clin Oncol 1984;2(11):1255-9
  • Van Hazel GA, Rubin J, Moertel CG. Treatment of metastatic carcinoid tumor with dactinomycin or dacarbazine. Cancer Treat Rep 1983;67(6):583-5
  • Bukowski RM, Tangen CM, Peterson RF, et al. Phase II trial of dimethyltriazenoimidazole carboxamide in patients with metastatic carcinoid. A Southwest Oncology Group Study. Cancer 1994;73(5):1505-8
  • Oberg K, Norheim I, Lundqvist G, Wide L. Cytotoxic treatment in patients with malignant carcinoid tumors. Response to streptozocin – alone or in combination with 5-FU. Acta Oncol 1987;26(6):429-32
  • Moertel CG, Rubin J, O'Connell MJ. Phase II study of cisplatin therapy in patients with metastatic carcinoid tumor and the malignant carcinoid syndrome. Cancer Treat Rep 1986;70(12):1459-60
  • Saltz L, Lauwers G, Wiseberg J, Kelsen D. A phase II trial of carboplatin in patients with advanced APUD tumors. Cancer 1993;72(2):619-22
  • Jodrell DI, Smith IE. Carboplatin in the treatment of metastatic carcinoid tumours and paraganglioma: a phase II study. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1990;26(1):62-4
  • Moertel CG, Hanley JA. Combination chemotherapy trials in metastatic carcinoid tumor and the malignant carcinoid syndrome. Cancer Clin Trials 1979;2(4):327-34
  • Kelsen D, Fiore J, Heelan R, et al. Phase II trial of etoposide in APUD tumors. Cancer Treat Rep 1987;71(3):305-7
  • Ritzel U, Leonhardt U, Stockmann F, Ramadori G. Treatment of metastasized midgut carcinoids with dacarbazine. Am J Gastroenterol 1995;90(4):627-31
  • Kulke MH, Kim H, Stuart K, et al. A phase II study of docetaxel in patients with metastatic carcinoid tumors. Cancer Invest 2004;22(3):353-59
  • Sun W, Lipsitz S, Catalano P, et al. Phase II/III study of doxorubicin with fluorouracil compared with streptozocin with fluorouracil or dacarbazine in the treatment of advanced carcinoid tumors: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Study E1281. J Clin Oncol 2005;23(22):4897-904
  • Ridolfi R, Amaducci L, Derni S, et al. Chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil and streptozotocin in carcinoid tumors of gastrointestinal origin: experiences with 13 patients. J Chemother 1991;3(5):328-31
  • Frame J, Kelsen D, Kemeny N, et al. A phase II trial of streptozotocin and adriamycin in advanced APUD tumors. Am J Clin Oncol 1988;11(4):490-5
  • Bukowski R, Johnson K, Peterson R. Phase II trial of combination chemotherapy in patients with metastatic carcinoid tumors. Southwest Oncology Group Study. Cancer 1987;60:2891-5
  • Moertel CG, O'Connell MJ, Reitemeier RJ, Rubin J. Evaluation of combined cyclophosphamide and methotrexate therapy in the treatment of metastatic carcinoid tumor and the malignant carcinoid syndrome. Cancer Treat Rep 1984;68(4):665-7
  • Moertel CG, Kvols LK, O'Connell MJ, Rubin J. Treatment of neuroendocrine carcinomas with combined etoposide and cisplatin. Evidence of major therapeutic activity in the anaplastic variants of these neoplasms. Cancer 1991;68(2):227-32
  • Bajetta E, Rimassa L, Carnaghi C, et al. 5-Fluorouracil, dacarbazine, and epirubicin in the treatment of patients with neuroendocrine tumors. Cancer 1998;83(2):372-8
  • Eriksson B, Kloppel G, Krenning E, et al. Consensus guidelines for the management of patients with digestive neuroendocrine tumors – well-differentiated jejunal-ileal tumor/carcinoma. Neuroendocrinology 2008;87(1):8-19
  • Van Essen M, Krenning EP, De Jong M, et al. Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy with radiolabelled somatostatin analogues in patients with somatostatin receptor positive tumours. Acta Oncol 2007;46(6):723-34
  • De Keizer B, Van Aken MO, Feelders RA, et al. Hormonal crises following receptor radionuclide therapy with the radiolabeled somatostatin analogue [(177)Lu-DOTA (0),Tyr(3)]octreotate. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2008;35:749-55
  • Landry CS, Scoggins CR, McMasters KM, Martin RC 2nd. Management of hepatic metastasis of gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors. J Surg Oncol 2008;97(3):253-8
  • Steinmuller T, Kianmanesh R, Falconi M, et al. Consensus guidelines for the management of patients with liver metastases from digestive (neuro)endocrine tumors: foregut, midgut, hindgut, and unknown primary. Neuroendocrinology 2008;87(1):47-62
  • Liapi E, Geschwind JF, Vossen JA, et al. Functional MRI evaluation of tumor response in patients with neuroendocrine hepatic metastasis treated with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2008;190(1):67-73
  • Ruutiainen AT, Soulen MC, Tuite CM, et al. Chemoembolization and bland embolization of neuroendocrine tumor metastases to the liver. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2007;18(7):847-55
  • Mazzaglia PJ, Berber E, Milas M, Siperstein AE. Laparoscopic radiofrequency ablation of neuroendocrine liver metastases: a 10-year experience evaluating predictors of survival. Surgery 2007;142(1):10-9
  • Anderson AS, Krauss D, Lang R. Cardiovascular complications of malignant carcinoid disease. Am Heart J 1997;134(4):693-702
  • Bhattacharyya S, Toumpanakis C, Caplin ME, Davar J. Analysis of 150 patients with carcinoid syndrome seen in a single year at one institution in the first decade of the twenty-first century. Am J Cardiol 2008;101(3):378-81
  • Nykjaer KM, Gronbaek H, Nielsen DT, et al. Description of patients with midgut carcinoid tumours: clinical database from a Danish centre. In Vivo 2007;21(4):679-84
  • Modlin IM, Kidd M, Latich I. Current status of gastrointestinal carcinoids. Gastroenterology 2005;128(6):1717-51
  • Warner RR. Carcinoid case presentation and discussion: the American perspective. Endocr Relat Cancer 2003;10(4):489-96
  • Kinney MA, Warner ME, Nagorney DM, et al. Perianesthetic risks and outcomes of abdominal surgery for metastatic carcinoid tumours. Br J Anaesth 2001;87(3):447-52
  • Kharrat HA, Taubin H. Carcinoid crisis induced by external manipulation of liver metastasis. J Clin Gastroenterol 2003;36(1):87-8
  • Hehlmann R, Hochhaus A, Baccarani M. Chronic myeloid leukaemia. Lancet 2007;370(9584):342-50
  • Gross DJ, Munter G, Bitan M, et al. The role of imatinib mesylate (Glivec) for treatment of patients with malignant endocrine tumors positive for c-kit or PDGF-R. Endocr Relat Cancer 2006;13(2):535-40
  • Hobday T, Holen K, Donehower R, et al. A phase II trial of gefitinib in patients (pts) with progressive metastatic neuroendocrine tumors (NET): a Phase II Consortium (P2C) study ASCO Annual Meeting Proceedings; J Clin Oncol 2006;24(18s):189s
  • Yao JC, Phan A, Hoff PM, et al. Targeting vascular endothelial growth factor in advanced carcinoid tumor: a random assignment phase II study of depot octreotide with bevacizumab and pegylated interferon alpha-2b. J Clin Oncol 2008;26(8):1316-23
  • Duran I, Kortmansky J, Singh D, et al. A phase II clinical and pharmacodynamic study of temsirolimus in advanced neuroendocrine carcinomas. Br J Cancer 2006;95(9):1148-54
  • Shah MH, Young D, Kindler HL, et al. Phase II study of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (PS-341) in patients with metastatic neuroendocrine tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2004;10(18 Pt 1):6111-8
  • Rothermel J, Wartmann M, Chen T, Hohneker J. EPO906 (epothilone B): a promising novel microtubule stabilizer. Semin Oncol 2003;30(3 Suppl 6):51-5
  • Kulke MH, Kim H, Clark JW, et al. A phase II trial of gemcitabine for metastatic neuroendocrine tumors. Cancer 2004;101(5):934-9
  • Kulke MH, Wu B, Ryan DP, et al. A phase II trial of irinotecan and cisplatin in patients with metastatic neuroendocrine tumors. Dig Dis Sci 2006;51(6):1033-8
  • Lundin L, Norheim I, Landelius J, et al. Carcinoid heart disease: relationship of circulating vasoactive substances to ultrasound-detectable cardiac abnormalities. Circulation 1988;77(2):264-9
  • Rajamannan NM, Caplice N, Anthikad F, et al. Cell proliferation in carcinoid valve disease: a mechanism for serotonin effects. J Heart Valve Dis 2001;10(6):827-31
  • Gustafsson BI, Tommeras K, Nordrum I, et al. Long-term serotonin administration induces heart valve disease in rats. Circulation 2005;111(12):1517-22
  • Roth BL. Drugs and valvular heart disease. N Engl J Med 2007;356(1):6-9
  • Hauso O, Gustafsson BI, Loennechen JP, et al. Long-term serotonin effects in the rat are prevented by terguride. Regul Pept 2007;143(1-3):39-46
  • Oberg K. Neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract: recent advances in molecular genetics, diagnosis, and treatment. Curr Opin Oncol 2005;17(4):386-91
  • Stratton R, Shiwen X, Martini G, et al. Iloprost suppresses connective tissue growth factor production in fibroblasts and in the skin of scleroderma patients. J Clin Invest 2001;108(2):241-50
  • Leask A. Targeting the TGFbeta, endothelin-1 and CCN2 axis to combat fibrosis in scleroderma. Cell Signal 2008;20:1409-14
  • Kulke MH, Lenz HJ, Meropol NJ, et al. Phase 2 study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SU11248 in patients (pts) with unresectable neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). J Clin Oncol 2005;23(16s):310s

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.