Bibliography
- Swedberg K, Cleland J, Dargie H, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure: executive summary (update 2005): the Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J 2005;26(11):1115-40
- Gustafsson F, Torp-Pedersen C, Brendorp B, et al. Long-term survival in patients hospitalized with congestive heart failure: relation to preserved and reduced left ventricular systolic function. Eur Heart J 2003;24(9):863-70
- Hobbs FD, Kenkre JE, Roalfe AK, et al. Impact of heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction on quality of life: a cross-sectional study comparing common chronic cardiac and medical disorders and a representative adult population. Eur Heart J 2002;23(23):1867-76
- CIBIS-II Investigators and Committees. The Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study II (CIBIS-II): a randomised trial. Lancet 1999;353(9146):9-13
- MERIT-HF Study Group. Effect of metoprolol CR/XL in chronic heart failure: Metoprolol CR/XL Randomised Intervention Trial in Congestive Heart Failure (MERIT-HF). Lancet 1999;353(9169):2001-7
- Packer M, Bristow MR, Cohn JN, et al. The effect of carvedilol on morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic heart failure. US Carvedilol Heart Failure Study Group. N Engl J Med 1996;334(21):1349-55
- The Beta-Blocker Evaluation of Survival Trial Investigators. A trial of the beta-blocker bucindolol in patients with advanced chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med 2001;344(22):1659-67
- Approval letter. FDA, 2001. Available at: www.fda.gov/cder/foi/nda/pre96/19982_Zebeta_Approv.pdf [Last accessed 03 November 2007]
- Final printed labeling. FDA, 2001. Available at: www.fda.gov/cder/foi/nda/pre96/19982_Zebeta_Prntlbl.pdf [Last accessed 03 November 2007]
- Hunt SA, Abraham WT, Chin MH, et al. ACC/AHA 2005 Guideline Update for the Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Heart Failure in the Adult: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Update the 2001 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure): developed in collaboration with the American College of Chest Physicians and the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society. Circulation 2005;112(12):e154-235
- Chemistry review(s). FDA, 2001. Available at: www.fda.gov/cder/foi/nda/pre96/19982_Zebeta_Chemr.pdf [Last accessed 03 November 2007]
- Vanhees L, Defoor JG, Schepers D, et al. Effect of bisoprolol and atenolol on endurance exercise capacity in healthy men. J Hypertens 2000;18(1):35-43
- Weiner L, Frithz G. Dose-effect relationship and long-term effects of bisoprolol in mild to moderate hypertension. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1986;8 (Suppl 11):S106-12
- Klockow M, Greiner HE, Haase A, et al. Studies on the receptor profile of bisoprolol. Arzneimittelforschung 1986;36(2):197-200
- Daul A, Johnston T, Reher M, et al. Differential haemodynamic effects induced by beta 1-(bisoprolol) or beta 2-(ICI 118,551) adrenoceptor blockade in man. J Hypertens Suppl 1986;4(6):S99-102
- Wellstein A, Palm D, Belz GG. Affinity and selectivity of beta-adrenoceptor antagonists in vitro. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1986;8(Suppl 11):S36-40
- Brodde OE. Bisoprolol (EMD 33512), a highly selective beta 1-adrenoceptor antagonist: in vitro and in vivo studies. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1986;8(Suppl 11):S29-35
- Willette RN, Aiyar N, Yue TL, et al. In vitro and in vivo characterization of intrinsic sympathomimetic activity in normal and heart failure rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1999;289(1):48-53
- Daul A, Wang XL, Borchard U, et al. Differential changes in lymphocyte beta 2-adrenoceptor density by beta-blocker administration: role of intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1986;8(Suppl 4):S93-6
- Proclemer A, Gradnik R, Savonitto S, Feruglio GA. Electrophysiological effects of bisoprolol. Eur Heart J 1987;8(Suppl M):81-5
- Lammers JW, Folgering HT, van Herwaarden CL. Respiratory tolerance of bisoprolol and metoprolol in asthmatic patients. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1986;8(Suppl 11):S69-73
- Dorow P. Beta 1/beta 2-splitting of bisoprolol. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1986;8(Suppl 11):S65-8
- van den Meiracker AH, Lameris TW, van de Ven LL, Boomsma F. Increased plasma concentration of natriuretic peptides by selective beta1-blocker bisoprolol. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2003;42(4):462-8
- Janka HU, Ziegler AG, Disselhoff G, Mehnert H. Influence of bisoprolol on blood glucose, glucosuria, and haemoglobin A1 in noninsulin-dependent diabetics. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1986;8(Suppl 11):S96-9
- Stoschitzky K, Stoschitzky G, Brussee H, et al. Comparing beta-blocking effects of bisoprolol, carvedilol and nebivolol. Cardiology 2006;106(4):199-206
- Leopold G. Balanced pharmacokinetics and metabolism of bisoprolol. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1986;8(Suppl 11):S16-20
- Buhring KU, Sailer H, Faro HP, et al. Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of bisoprolol-14C in three animal species and in humans. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1986;8(Suppl 11):S21-8
- Leopold G, Pabst J, Ungethum W, Buhring KU. Basic pharmacokinetics of bisoprolol, a new highly beta 1-selective adrenoceptor antagonist. J Clin Pharmacol 1986;26(8):616-21
- Kirch W, Rose I, Klingmann I, et al. Interaction of bisoprolol with cimetidine and rifampicin. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1986;31(1):59-62
- Medical review. FDA, 2001. Available at: www.fda.gov/cder/foi/nda/pre96/19982_Zebeta_Medr.pdf [Last accessed 03 November 2007]
- Kirch W, Rose I, Demers HG, et al. Pharmacokinetics of bisoprolol during repeated oral administration to healthy volunteers and patients with kidney or liver disease. Clin Pharmacokinet 1987;13(2):110-7
- CIBIS Investigators and Committees. A randomized trial of beta-blockade in heart failure. The Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study (CIBIS). Circulation 1994;90(4):1765-73
- Leizorovicz A, Lechat P, Cucherat M, Bugnard F. Bisoprolol for the treatment of chronic heart failure: a meta-analysis on individual data of two placebo-controlled studies – CIBIS and CIBIS II. Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study. Am Heart J 2002;143(2):301-7
- Simon T, Mary-Krause M, Funck-Brentano C, Jaillon P. Sex differences in the prognosis of congestive heart failure: results from the Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study (CIBIS II). Circulation 2001;103(3):375-80
- Lechat P, Hulot JS, Escolano S, et al. Heart rate and cardiac rhythm relationships with bisoprolol benefit in chronic heart failure in CIBIS II trial. Circulation 2001;103(10):1428-33
- van Veldhuisen DJ, Aass H, El Allaf D, et al. Presence and development of atrial fibrillation in chronic heart failure. Experiences from the MERIT-HF study. Eur J Heart Fail 2006;8(5):539-46
- Simon T, Mary-Krause M, Funck-Brentano C, et al. Bisoprolol dose-response relationship in patients with congestive heart failure: a subgroup analysis in the Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study (CIBIS II). Eur Heart J 2003;24(6):552-9
- Reduced costs with bisoprolol treatment for heart failure: an economic analysis of the second Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study (CIBIS-II). Eur Heart J 2001;22(12):1021-31
- Willenheimer R, van Veldhuisen DJ, Silke B, et al. Effect on survival and hospitalization of initiating treatment for chronic heart failure with bisoprolol followed by enalapril, as compared with the opposite sequence: results of the randomized Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study (CIBIS) III. Circulation 2005;112(16):2426-35
- Ko DT, Hebert PR, Coffey CS, et al. Adverse effects of beta-blocker therapy for patients with heart failure: a quantitative overview of randomized trials. Arch Intern Med 2004;164(13):1389-94
- Baxter AJ, Spensley A, Hildreth A, et al. Beta blockers in older persons with heart failure: tolerability and impact on quality of life. Heart 2002;88(6):611-4
- Galatius S, Gustafsson F, Atar D, Hildebrandt PR. Tolerability of beta-blocker initiation and titration with bisoprolol and carvedilol in congestive heart failure – a randomized comparison. Cardiology 2004;102(3):160-5
- Tracqui A, Kintz P, Mangin P, Lenoir B. Self-poisoning with the beta-blocker bisoprolol. Hum Exp Toxicol 1990;9(4):255-6
- Hayes PC, Jenkins D, Vavianos P, et al. Single oral dose pharmacokinetics of bisoprolol 10 mg in liver disease. Eur Heart J 1987;8(Suppl M):23-9
- Lenzen MJ, Boersma E, Reimer WJ, et al. Under-utilization of evidence-based drug treatment in patients with heart failure is only partially explained by dissimilarity to patients enrolled in landmark trials: a report from the Euro Heart Survey on Heart Failure. Eur Heart J 2005;26(24):2706-13
- Gustafsson F, Schou M, Videbaek L, et al. Treatment with beta-blockers in nurse-led heart failure clinics: titration efficacy and predictors of failure. Eur J Heart Fail 2007;9(9):910-6
- Packer M. Do beta-blockers prolong survival in heart failure only by inhibiting the beta1-receptor? A perspective on the results of the COMET trial. J Card Fail 2003;9(6):429-43
- Packer M, Coats AJ, Fowler MB, et al. Effect of carvedilol on survival in severe chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med 2001;344(22):1651-8
- Erdmann E, Lechat P, Verkenne P, Wiemann H. Results from post-hoc analyses of the CIBIS II trial: effect of bisoprolol in high-risk patient groups with chronic heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail 2001;3(4):469-79
- Ilgenli TF, Kilicaslan F, Kirilmaz A, Uzun M. Bisoprolol improves echocardiographic parameters of left ventricular diastolic function in patients with systemic hypertension. Cardiology 2006;106(3):127-31
- Flather MD, Shibata MC, Coats AJ, et al. Randomized trial to determine the effect of nebivolol on mortality and cardiovascular hospital admission in elderly patients with heart failure (SENIORS). Eur Heart J 2005;26(3):215-25