Anti-EGFR strategies as an incremental step for the treatment of colorectal cancer patients: moving from scientific evidence to clinical practice

Bibliography

• MENDELSON J, BASELGA J: Status of epidermal growth factor receptor antagonists in the biology and treatment of cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. (2003) 21:2787-2799.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HUMBLET Y: Cetuximab: an IgG1 monoclonal antibody for the treatment of epidermal growth factor receptor-expressing tumours. Expert. Opin. Pharmacother. (2004) 5:1621-1633.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SPANO J P, GLAGORCE C, ATLAN D et al.: Impact of EGFR expression on colorectal cancer patient prognosis and survival. Ann. Oncol. (2005) 16:102-108.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SELVAGGI G, NOVELLO S, TORRI V et al.: Epidermal growth factor receptor overexpression correlates with a poor prognosis in completely resected non small cell lung cancer. Ann. Oncol. (2004) 15:28-32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O-CHAROENTRAT P, RHYS-EVANS PH, ARCHER DJ, ECCLES SA: C-erB receptors in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck: clinical significance and correlation with matrix metalloproteinases and vascular endothelial growth factors. Oral Oncol. (2002) 38:73-80.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NICHOLSON RI, GEE JM, HARPER ME: EGFR and cancer prognosis. Eur. J. Cancer (2001) 37(Suppl. 4):S9-S15.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• MESSA C, RUSSO F, CARUSO MG, DI LEO A: EGF, TGF-alpha, and EGFR in human colorectal adenocarcinoma. Acta Oncol. (1998) 37:285-289.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SALOMON DS, BRANDT R, CIARDIELLO F, NORMANNO N: Epidermal growth factor-related peptides and their receptors in human malignancies. Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. (1995) 19:183-232.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GOLDESTAIN NI, PREWETT M, ZUKLYS K et al.: Biological effecacy of a chimeric antibody to the epidermal growth factor receptor in a human tumor xenograft model. Clin. Cancer Res. (1995) 1:1311-1318.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SALTZ LB, HOCHESTER H, RUBIN M et al.: Cetuximab (IMC-225) plus irinotecan (CPT11) is active in CPT11 refractory colorectal cancer (CRC) that expresses epidermal growth factor (EGFR). Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. (2001):Abstract 7.
   Google Scholar
• PREWETT MC, HOOPER AT, BASSI R, ELLIS LM, WAKSAL HW, HICKLIN DJ: Enhanced antitumor activity of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody IMC-C225 in combination with irinotecan (CPT11) against human colorectal tumor xenografts. Clin. Cancer Res. (2002) 8:994-1003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SALTZ LB, NEAL J, LOEHRER PJ Sr, NEEDLE MN, KOPIT J, MAYER RJ: Phase II trial of cetuximab in patients with refractory colorectal cancer that expresses epidermal growth factor receptor. J. Clin. Oncol. (2004) 22:1201-1208.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CUNNINGHAM D, HUMBLET Y, SIENA S et al.: Cetuximab monotherapy and cetuximab plus irinotecan-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. (2004) 351:337-345.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HECHT JR, PATNAIK A, MAILK I et al.: ABX-EGF monotherapy in patients (pts) with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): An update analysis. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. (2004):Abstract 33511.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VANHOEFER U, TEWES M, ROJO F et al.: Phase I study of the humanized antiepidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody EMD72000 in patients with advanced solid tumors that express the epidermal growth factor receptor. J. Clin. Oncol. (2004) 22:175-184.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• POLIKOFF J, MITCHELL EP, BADARINATH S et al.: Cetuximab plus FOLFOX for colorectal cancer (EXPLORE): preliminary efficacy analysis of a randomized Phase III trial. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. (2005):Abstract 3574.
   Google Scholar
• GROTHE W, ARNOLD D, PEINERT S et al.: Cetuximab with oxaliplatin and capecitabine (CAPOX) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) refractory to standard chemotherapy. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. (2005):Abstract 3669.
   Google Scholar
• SALTZ L B, LENZ H J, HOCHSTER H et al.: Randomized Phase II trial of cetuximab/bevacizumab/irinotecan (CBI) versus cetuximab/bevacizumab (CB) in irinotecan-refractory colorectal cancer. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. (2005):Abstract 3508.
   Google Scholar
• SEUFFERLEIN T, DITTRICH C, RIEMANN J et al.: A Phase I/II study of cetuximab in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)/folinic acid (FA) plus weekly oxaliplatin (L-OHP) (FUFOX) in the first-line treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) expressing epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Preliminary results. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. (2005):Abstract 3644.
   Google Scholar
• FOLPRECHT G, LUTZ M P, SEUFFERLEIN T et al.: Cetuximab and irinotecan/5-Fluorouracil/folinic acid is a safe combination for the first line treatment of patients with epidermal growth factor receptor expressing metastatic colorectal carcinoma. Ann. Oncol. (2005) 22:840-848.
   Google Scholar
• DÍAZ RUBIO E, TABERNERO J, VAN CUTSEM E et al.: Cetuximab in combination with oxaliplatin/5-fluorouracil (5-FU)/folinic acid (FA) (FOLFOX-4) in the first-line treatment of patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-expressing metastatic colorectal cancer: An international Phase II study. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. (2005):Abstract 3535.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZAMPINO M G, LORIZZO K, MASSACESI C et al.: First-line gefitinib combined with simplified FOLFOX-6 in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor-positive advanced colorectal cancer. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. (2005):Abstract 3659.
   Google Scholar
• HARTMANN J T, KROENING H, BOKEMEYER C et al.: Phase I study of gefitinib in combination with oxaliplatin and weekly 5-FU/FA (FUFOX) for second-/third-line treatment in patients (pts) with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. (2005):Abstract 3154.
   Google Scholar
• KEILHOLZ U, ARNOLD D, NIEDERLE N et al.: Erlotinib as 2nd and 3rd line monotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Results of a multicenter two-cohort Phase II trial. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. (2005):Abstract 3575.
   Google Scholar
• MESSERSMITH WA, LAHERU DA, SENZER NN et al.: Phase I trial of irinotecan, infusional 5-fluororuracil, and leucovorin (FOLFIRI) with erlotinib (OSI-774): early termination due to increased toxicities. Clin. Cancer Res. (2004) 10:6522-6527.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HOCHHAUS R, HOFHEINZ R, HEIKE M et al.: Phase I study of gefitinib in combination with FOLFIRI as 2nd-/3rd-line treatment in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. (2005):Abstract 3674.
   Google Scholar
• FISHEL J-L, FORMENTO P, MILANO G: Epidermal growth factor receptor double targeting by a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (Iressa) and monoclonal antibody (Cetuximab). Impact on cell growth and molecular factors. Br. J. Cancer (2005) 92:1063-1068.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CASTILLO L, ETIENNE-GRIMALDI MC, FISHEL JL et al.: Pharmacological background of EGFR targeting. Ann. Oncol. (2004) 15:1007-1012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CIARDIELLO F, TORTORA G: A novel approach in the treatment of cancer: targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor. Clin. Cancer Res. (2001) 7:2958-2970.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VILORIA-PETIT AM, KERBEL RS: Acquired resistance to EGFR inhibitors: mechanisms and prevention strategies. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. (2004) 58:914-926.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CHRISTENSEN JG, SCHRECK RE, CHAN E et al.: High levels of HER-2 expression alter the ability of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family tyrosine kinase inhibitors to inhibit EGFR phosphorylation in vivo. Clin. Cancer Res. (2001) 7:4230-4238.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CIARDIELLO F, BIANCO R, DAMIANO V et al.: Antiangiogenic and antitumor activity of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor C225 monoclonal antibody in combination with vascular endothelial growth factor antisense oligonucleotide in human GEO colon cancer cells. Clin. Cancer Res. (2000) 6:3739-3747.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VILORIA-PETIT A, CROMBET T, JOTHY S et al.: Acquired resistance to the antitumor effect of epidermal growth factor receptor-blocking antibodies in vivo: a role for altered tumor angiogenesis. Cancer Res. (2001) 61:5090-5101.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SCARTOZZI M, BEARZI I, BERARDI R, MANDOLESI A, FABRIS G, CASCINU S: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) status in primary colorectal tumors does not correlate with EGFR expression in related metastatic sites: implication for treatment with EGFR-targeted monoclonal antibodies. J. Clin. Oncol. (2004) 22:4772-4778.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MORONI M, VERONESE S, BENVENUTI S et al.: Gene copy number for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and clinical response to antiEGFR treatment in colorecatal cancer: a cohort study. Lancet Oncol. (2005) 5:102-109.
   Google Scholar