Bibliography
- Swanson LW, Sawchenko PE. Paraventricular nucleus: a site for the integration of neuroendocrine and autonomic mechanisms. Neuroendocrinology 1980;31:410-7
- Buijs RM, van Eden CG, Goncharuk VD, Kalsbeek A. The biological clock tunes the organs of the body: timing by hormones and the autonomic nervous system. J Endocrinol 2003;177:17-26
- Coote JH. Cardiovascular function of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. Biol Signals 1995;4:142-9
- Kalra SP, Dube MG, Pu S, et al. Interacting appetite-regulating pathways in the hypothalamic regulation of body weight. Endocr Rev 1999;20:68-100
- Williams G, Harrold JA, Cutler DJ. The hypothalamus and the regulation of energy homeostasis: lifting the lid on a black box. Proc Nutr Soc 2000;59:385-96
- Tasker JG, Dudek FE. Electrophysiological properties of neurones in the region of the paraventricular nucleus in slices of rat hypothalamus. J Physiol (Lond) 1991;434:271-93
- van den Pol AN, Trombley PQ. Glutamate neurons in hypothalamus regulate excitatory transmission. J Neurosci 1993;13:2829-36
- Decavel C, van den Pol AN. GABA: a dominant neurotransmitter in the hypothalamus. J Comp Neurol 1990;302:1019-37
- Csaki A, Kocsis K, Halasz B, Kiss J. Localization of glutamatergic/aspartatergic neurons projecting to the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus studied by retrograde transport of [3H]D-aspartate autoradiography. Neuroscience 2000;101:637-55
- Roland BL, Sawchenko PE. Local origins of some GABAergic projections to the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei of the hypothalamus in the rat. J Comp Neurol 1993;332:123-43
- Ludwig M, Leng G. Dendritic peptide release and peptide-dependent behaviours. Nat Rev Neurosci 2006;7:126-36
- Ludwig M, Pittman QJ. Talking back: dendritic neurotransmitter release. Trends Neurosci 2003;26:255-61
- Oliet SH, Baimoukhametova DV, Piet R, Bains JS. Retrograde regulation of GABA transmission by the tonic release of oxytocin and endocannabinoids governs postsynaptic firing. J Neurosci 2007;27:1325-33
- Lind RW, Swanson LW, Ganten D. Organization of angiotensin II immunoreactive cells and fibers in the rat central nervous system. Neuroendocrinology 1985;40:2-24
- Shoji M, Share L, Crofton JT. Effect on vasopressin release of microinjection of angiotensin II into the paraventricular nucleus of concious rats. Neuroendocrinology 1989;50:327-33
- Tsushima H, Mori M, Matsuda T. Microinjections of angiotensin II into the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei produce potent antidiureses by vasopressin release mediated through adrenergic and angiotensin receptors. Jpn J Pharmacol 1994;66:241-6
- Zhu GQ, Patel KP, Zucker IH, Wang W. Microinjection of ANG II into paraventricular nucleus enhances cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex in rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2002;282:H2039-45
- Bains JS, Potyok A, Ferguson AV. Angiotensin II actions in paraventricular nucleus: functional evidence for a neurotransmitter role in efferents originating in subfornical organ. Brain Res 1992;599:223-9
- Ferguson AV, Day TA, Renaud LP. Subfornical organ efferents influence the excitability of neurohypophysial and tuberoinfundibular paraventricular nucleus neurons in the rat. Neuroendocrinology 1984;39:423-8
- Ferguson AV, Day TA, Renaud LP. Influence of subfornical organ stimulation on the excitability of hypothalamic paraventricular neurons projecting to the dorsal medulla. Am J Physiol 1984;247:R1088-92
- Li Z, Bains JS, Ferguson AV. Functional evidence that the angiotensin antagonist losartan crosses the blood-brain barrier in the rat. Brain Res Bull 1993;30:33-9
- Li Z, Ferguson AV. Subfornical organ efferents to the paraventricular nucleus utilize angiotensin as a neurotransmitter. Am J Physiol 1993;265:R302-9
- Latchford KJ, Ferguson AV. ANG II-induced excitation of paraventricular nucleus magnocellular neurons: a role for glutamate interneurons. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2004;286:R894-902
- Latchford KJ, Ferguson AV. Angiotensin depolarizes parvocellular neurons in paraventricular nucleus through modulation of putative nonselective cationic and potassium conductances. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2005;289:R52-8
- Sakurai T, Amemiya A, Ishii M, et al. Orexins and orexin receptors: a family of hypothalamic neuropeptides and G protein-coupled receptors that regulate feeding behavior. Cell 1998;92:573-85
- de Lecea L, Kilduff TS, Peyron C, et al. The hypocretins: hypothalamus-specific peptides with neuroexcitatory activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998;95:322-7
- Chemelli RM, Willie JT, Sinton CM, et al. Narcolepsy in orexin knockout mice: molecular genetics of sleep regulation. Cell 1999;98:437-51
- Samson W, Resch ZT. The hypocretin/orexin story. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2000;11:257-62
- Edwards CM, Abusnana S, Sunter D, et al. The effect of the orexins on food intake: comparison with neuropeptide Y, melanin-concentrating hormone and galanin. J Endocrinol 1999;160:R7-12
- Shirasaka T, Miyahara S, Kunitake T, et al. Orexin depolarizes rat hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus neurons. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2001;281:R1114-8
- Follwell MJ, Ferguson AV. Cellular mechanisms of orexin actions on paraventricular nucleus neurones in rat hypothalamus. J Physiol 2002;545:855-67
- Samson WK, Taylor MM, Follwell MJ, Ferguson AV. Orexin actions in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus: physiological consequences and cellular correlates. Regul Pept 2002;104:97-103
- Malcher-Lopes R, Di S, Marcheselli VS, et al. Opposing crosstalk between leptin and glucocorticoids rapidly modulates synaptic excitation via endocannabinoid release. J Neurosci 2006;26:6643-50
- Powis JE, Bains JS, Ferguson AV. Leptin depolarizes rat hypothalamic paraventricular neurons. Am J Physiol 1997;274:R1468-72
- Ferri CC, Ferguson AV. Interleukin-1β depolarizes paraventricular nucleus parvocellular neurones. J Neuroendocrinol 2003;15:126-33
- Ferri CC, Yuill EA, Ferguson AV. Interleukin-1β depolarizes magnocellular neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus through prostaglandin-mediated activation of a non selective cationic conductance. Regul Pept 2005;129:63-71
- Scherer PE, Williams S, Fogliano M, et al. A novel serum protein similar to C1q, produced exclusively in adipocytes. J Biol Chem 1995;270:26746-9
- Kadowaki T, Yamauchi T. Adiponectin and adiponectin receptors. Endocr Rev 2005;26:439-51
- Berg AH, Combs TP, Du X, et al. The adipocyte-secreted protein Acrp30 enhances hepatic insulin action. Nat Med 2001;7:947-53
- Combs TP, Berg AH, Obici S, et al. Endogenous glucose production is inhibited by the adipose-derived protein Acrp30. J Clin Invest 2001;108:1875-81
- Yamauchi T, Kamon J, Waki H, et al. The fat-derived hormone adiponectin reverses insulin resistance associated with both lipoatrophy and obesity. Nat Med 2001;7:941-6
- Qi Y, Takahashi N, Hileman SM, et al. Adiponectin acts in the brain to decrease body weight. Nat Med 2004;10:524-9
- Yuill EA, Hoyda TD, Ferri CC, et al. Prokineticin 2 depolarizes paraventricular nucleus magnocellular and parvocellular neurons. Eur J Neurosci 2007;25:425-34
- Daftary SS, Boudaba C, Szabo K, Tasker JG. Noradrenergic excitation of magnocellular neurons in the rat hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus via intranuclear glutamatergic circuits. J Neurosci 1998;18:10619-28
- Li DP, Chen SR, Pan HL. VR1 receptor activation induces glutamate release and postsynaptic firing in the paraventricular nucleus. J Neurophysiol 2004;92:1807-16
- Horn T, Smith PM, McLaughlin BE, et al. Nitric oxide actions in paraventricular nucleus: cardiovascular and neurochemical implications. Am J Physiol 1994;266:R306-13
- Bains JS, Ferguson AV. Nitric oxide regulates NMDA driven GABAergic inputs to type I neurons of the rat paraventricular nucleus. J Physiol (Lond) 1997;499(3):733-46
- Follwell MJ, Ferguson AV. Adrenomedullin influences magnocellular and parvocellular neurons of paraventricular nucleus via separate mechanisms. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2002;283:R1293-302
- Li DP, Chen SR, Pan HL. Angiotensin II stimulates spinally projecting paraventricular neurons through presynaptic disinhibition. J Neurosci 2003;23:5041-9
- Saavedra JM, Benicky J. Brain and peripheral angiotensin II play a major role in stress. Stress 2007;10:185-93
- Armando I, Volpi S, Aguilera G, Saavedra JM. Angiotensin II AT1 receptor blockade prevents the hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor response to isolation stress. Brain Res 2007;1142:92-9
- Felder RB, Francis J, Zhang ZH, et al. Heart failure and the brain: new perspectives. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2003;284:R259-76
- Patel KP, Zhang PL, Krukoff TL. Alterations in brain hexokinase activity associated with heart failure in rats. Am J Physiol 1993;265:R923-8
- Francis GS. Neurohumoral activation and progression of heart failure: hypothetical and clinical considerations. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1998;32(Suppl 1):S16-21
- Jougasaki M, Wei C, McKinley LJ, Burnett JC. Elevation of circulating and ventricular adrenomedullin in congestive heart failure. Circulation 1995;92:286-9
- Jougasaki M, Burnett JC Jr. Adrenomedullin: potential in physiology and pathophysiology. Life Sci 2000;66:855-72
- Nagaya N, Nishikimi T, Horio T, et al. Cardiovascular and renal effects of adrenomedullin in rats with heart failure. Am J Physiol 1999;276:R213-8
- Riegger AJ. Interaction between atrial natriuretic peptide, renin system and vasopressin in heart failure. Eur Heart J 1990;11:79-83
- Tang J, Song DL, Suen MZ, et al. Alpha-human atrial natriuretic polypeptide (Alpha-hANP) in normal volunteers and patients with heart failure or hypertension. Peptides 1986;7:33-7
- Li YF, Patel KP. Paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and elevated sympathetic activity in heart failure: the altered inhibitory mechanisms. Acta Physiol Scand 2003;177:17-26
- Zhang K, Patel KP. Effect of nitric oxide within the paraventricular nucleus on renal sympathetic nerve discharge: role of GABA. Am J Physiol 1998;275:R728-34
- Zhang H, Mayhan WG, Patel KP. Nitric oxide within the paraventricular nucleus mediates changes in renal sympathetic nerve activity. Am J Physiol Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol 1997;273:R864-72
- Patel KP, Zhang H. Neurohumoral activation in heart failure: role of paraventricular nucleus. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 1996;23:722-6
- Bains JS, Ferguson AV. Angiotensin II neurotransmitter actions in paraventricular nucleus are potentiated by a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. Regul Pept 1994;50:53-9
- Vahid-Ansari F, Leenan FHH. Pattern of neuronal activation in rats with CHF after myocardial infarction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 1998;275:H2140-6
- Coote JH. Homeostasis and stress. Clin Auton Res 2005;15:247-8
- Zhang K, Zucker IH, Patel KP. Altered number of diaphorase (NOS) positive neurons in the hypothalamus of rats with heart failure. Brain Res 1998;786:219-25
- Patel KP. Role of paraventricular nucleus in mediating sympathetic outflow in heart failure. Heart Fail Rev 2000;5:73-86
- Earle ML, Pittman QJ. Involvement of the PVN and BST in 1K1C hypertension in the rat. Brain Res 1995;669:41-7
- Meyer JM, Felten DL, Weyhenmeyer JA. Measurement of immunoreactive angiotensin II levels in microdissected brain nuclei from developing spontaneously hypertensive and Wistar Kyoto rats. Exp Neurol 1990;107:164-9
- Phillips MI, Kimura B. Brain angiotensin in the developing spontaneously hypertensive rat. J Hypertens 1988;6:607-12
- Gutkind JS, Kurihara M, Castren E, Saavedra JM. Increased concentration of angiotensin II binding sites in selected brain areas of spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Hypertens 1988;6:79-84
- Li DP, Chen SR, Pan HL. Nitric oxide inhibits spinally projecting paraventricular neurons through potentiation of presynaptic GABA release. J Neurophysiol 2002;88:2664-74
- Zhang K, Mayhan WG, Patel KP. Nitric oxide within the paraventricular nucleus mediates changes in renal sympathetic nerve activity. Am J Physiol 1997;273:R864-72
- Horn EM, Shonis CA, Holzwarth MA, Waldrop TG. Decrease in glutamic acid decarboxylase level in the hypothalamus of spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Hypertens 1998;16:625-33
- Kunkler PE, Hwang BH. Lower GABAA receptor binding in the amygdala and hypothalamus of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Brain Res Bull 1995;36:57-61
- Li DP, Pan HL. Role of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A and GABAB receptors in paraventricular nucleus in control of sympathetic vasomotor tone in hypertension. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2007;320:615-26
- Hoyda TD, Fry M, Ahima RS, Ferguson AV. Adiponectin selectively inhibits oxytocin neurons of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. J Physiol 2007;585:805-16
- Ziegler DR, Herman JP. Local integration of glutamate signaling in the hypothalamic paraventricular region: regulation of glucocorticoid stress responses. Endocrinology 2000;141:4801-4