The design and development of drugs acting against the smallpox virus

Bibliography

• GANI R, LEACH S: Transmission potential of smallpox in contemporary populations. Nature (2001) 414(6865):748-751.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PRICHARD MN, KERN ER: Orthopoxvirus targets for the development of antiviral therapies. Curr. Drug Targets Infect. Disord. (2005) 5(1):17-28.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• MOORE ZS, SEWARD JF, LANE JM: Smallpox. Lancet (2006) 367(9508):425-435.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RATNER LH, LANE JM, VICENS CN: Complications of smallpox vaccination: surveillance during an island-wide program in Puerto Rico, 1967 – 1968. Am. J. Epidemiol. (1970) 91(3):278-285.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MELLIN H, NEFF JM, GARBER H, LANE JM: Complications of smallpox vaccination, Maryland 1968. Johns Hopkins Med. J. (1970) 126(3):160-168.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• LANE JM, RUBEN FL, ABRUTYN E, MILLAR JD: Deaths attributable to smallpox vaccination, 1959 to 1966, and 1968. JAMA (1970) 212(3):441-444.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• STITTELAAR KJ, NEYTS J, NAESENS L et al.: Antiviral treatment is more effective than smallpox vaccination upon lethal monkeypox virus infection. Nature (2006) 439(7077):745-748.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• REED KD, MELSKI JW, GRAHAM MB et al.: The detection of monkeypox in humans in the Western Hemisphere. N. Engl. J. Med. (2004) 350(4):342-350.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DE CLERCQ E: Cidofovir in the treatment of poxvirus infections. Antiviral Res. (2002) 55(1):1-13.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SMEE DF, SIDWELL RW, KEFAUVER D, BRAY M, HUGGINS JW: Characterization of wild-type and cidofovir-resistant strains of camelpox, cowpox, monkeypox, and vaccinia viruses. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. (2002) 46(5):1329-1335.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DE CLERCQ E, SAKUMA T, BABA M et al.: Antiviral activity of phosphonylmethoxyalkyl derivatives of purine and pyrimidines. Antiviral Res. (1987) 8(5-6):261-272.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SAFRIN S, CHERRINGTON J, JAFFE HS: Clinical uses of cidofovir. Rev. Med. Virol. (1997) 7(3):145-156.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• XIONG X, SMITH JL, CHEN MS: Effect of incorporation of cidofovir into DNA by human cytomegalovirus DNA polymerase on DNA elongation. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. (1997) 41(3):594-599.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DE CLERCQ E: Strategies in the design of antiviral drugs. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. (2002) 1(1):13-25.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BAKER RO, BRAY M, HUGGINS JW: Potential antiviral therapeutics for smallpox, monkeypox and other orthopoxvirus infections. Antiviral Res. (2003) 57(1-2):13-23.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DE CLERCQ E, HOLY A, ROSENBERG I et al.: A novel selective broad-spectrum anti-DNA virus agent. Nature (1986) 323(6087):464-467.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BRAY M, MARTINEZ M, SMEE DF et al.: Cidofovir protects mice against lethal aerosol or intranasal cowpox virus challenge. J. Infect. Dis. (2000) 181(1):10-19.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SMEE DF, BAILEY KW, SIDWELL RW: Treatment of lethal vaccinia virus respiratory infections in mice with cidofovir. Antivir. Chem. Chemother. (2001) 12(1):71-76.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CUNDY KC: Clinical pharmacokinetics of the antiviral nucleotide analogues cidofovir and adefovir. Clin. Pharmacokinet. (1999) 36(2):127-143.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DE CLERCQ E: Clinical potential of the acyclic nucleoside phosphonates cidofovir, adefovir, and tenofovir in treatment of DNA virus and retrovirus infections. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. (2003) 16(4):569-596.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KERN ER, HARTLINE C, HARDEN E et al.: Enhanced inhibition of orthopoxvirus replication in vitro by alkoxyalkyl esters of cidofovir and cyclic cidofovir. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. (2002) 46(4):991-995.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PAINTER GR, HOSTETLER KY: Design and development of oral drugs for the prophylaxis and treatment of smallpox infection. Trends Biotechnol. (2004) 22(8):423-427.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BULLER RM, OWENS G, SCHRIEWER J et al.: Efficacy of oral active ether lipid analogs of cidofovir in a lethal mousepox model. Virology (2004) 318(2):474-481.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ANDREI G, GAMMON DB, FITEN P et al.: Cidofovir resistance in vaccinia virus is linked to diminished virulence in mice. J. Virol. (2006) 80(19):9391-9401.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NEYTS J, JAHNE G, ANDREI G et al.: In vivo antiherpesvirus activity of N-7-substituted acyclic nucleoside analog 2-amino-7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]purine. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. (1995) 39(1):56-60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NEYTS J, BALZARINI J, ANDREI G et al.: Intracellular metabolism of the N7-substituted acyclic nucleoside analog 2-amino-7-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)purine, a potent inhibitor of herpesvirus replication. Mol. Pharmacol. (1998) 53(1):157-165.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NEYTS J, DE CLERCQ E: Efficacy of 2-amino-7-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)purine for treatment of vaccinia virus (orthopoxvirus) infections in mice. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. (2001) 45(1):84-87.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• YANG G, PEVEAR DC, DAVIES MH et al.: An orally bioavailable antipoxvirus compound (ST-246) inhibits extracellular virus formation and protects mice from lethal orthopoxvirus Challenge. J. Virol. (2005) 79(20):13139-13149.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• QUENELLE DC, BULLER RM, PARKER S et al.: Efficacy of delayed treatment with ST-246 given orally against systemic orthopoxvirus infections in mice. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. (2007) 51(2):689-695.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BYRD CM, BOLKEN TC, MJALLI AM et al.: New class of orthopoxvirus antiviral drugs that block viral maturation. J. Virol. (2004) 78(22):12147-12156.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HAMRE D, BROWNLEE KA, DONOVICK R: Studies on the chemotherapy of vaccinia virus. II. The activity of some thiosemicarbazones. J. Immunol. (1951) 67(4):305-312.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BAUER DJ, STVINCENT L, KEMPE CH, DOWNIE AW: Prophylactic treatment of small pox contacts with N-methylisatin β-thiosemicarbazone (compound 33 to 57, Marboran). Lancet (1963) 35:494-496.
   Google Scholar
• TURNER W, BAUER DJ, NIMMO-SMITH RH: Eczema vaccinatum treated with N-methylisatin β-thiosemicarbazone. BMJ (1962) 1(5288):1317-1319.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• WOODSON B, JOKLIK WK: The inhibition of vaccinia virus multiplication by isatin-β-thiosemicarbazone. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (1965) 54(3):946-953.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• QUENELLE DC, KEITH KA, KERN ER: In vitro and in vivo evaluation of isatin-β-thiosemicarbazone and marboran against vaccinia and cowpox virus infections. Antiviral Res. (2006) 71(1):24-30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SIDWELL RW, HUFFMAN JH, KHARE GP et al.: Broad-spectrum antiviral activity of virazole: 1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide. Science (1972) 177(50):705-706.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• STREETER DG, WITKOWSKI JT, KHARE GP et al.: Mechanism of action of 1-D-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide (virazole), a new broad-spectrum antiviral agent. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (1973) 70(4):1174-1178.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KESSON AM, FERGUSON JK, RAWLINSON WD, CUNNINGHAM AL: Progressive vaccinia treated with ribavirin and vaccinia immune globulin. Clin. Infect. Dis. (1997) 25(4):911-914.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SMEE DF, SIDWELL RW: A review of compounds exhibiting anti-orthopoxvirus activity in animal models. Antiviral Res. (2003) 57(1-2):41-52.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DE CLERCQ E: Vaccinia virus inhibitors as a paradigm for the chemotherapy of poxvirus infections. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. (2001) 14(2):382-397.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FAN X, ZHANG X, ZHOU L et al.: Assembling a smallpox biodefense by interrogating 5-substituted pyrimidine nucleoside chemical space. Antiviral Res. (2006) 71(2-3):201-205.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DE CLERCQ E: Antiviral and antitumor activities of 5-substituted 2′-deoxyuridines. Methods Find Exp. Clin. Pharmacol. (1980) 2(5):253-267.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KAUFMAN HE, NESBURN AB, MALONEY ED: Cure of vaccinia infection by 5-iodo-2′-deoxyuridine. Virology (1962) 18:567-569.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NEYTS J, VERBEKEN E, DE CLERCQ E: Effect of 5-iodo-2′-deoxyuridine on vaccinia virus (orthopoxvirus) infections in mice. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. (2002) 46(9):2842-2847.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BLACK ME, HRUBY DE: Quaternary structure of vaccinia virus thymidine kinase. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (1990) 169(3):1080-1086.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EL OMARI K, SOLAROLI N, KARLSSON A, BALZARINI J, STAMMERS DK: Structure of vaccinia virus thymidine kinase in complex with dTTP: insights for drug design. BMC Struct. Biol. (2006) 6:22.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• PRICHARD MN, KEITH KA, JOHNSON MP et al.: Selective phosphorylation of antiviral drugs by vaccinia virus thymidine kinase. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. (2007).
   Google Scholar
• FAN X, ZHANG X, ZHOU L et al.: Towards orthopoxvirus coutermeasures: a novel heteromorphic nucleoside of unusual structure. J. Med. Chem. (2006) 49(14):4052-4054.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DEININGER M, BUCHDUNGER E, DRUKER BJ: The development of imatinib as a therapeutic agent for chronic myeloid leukemia. Blood (2005) 105(7):2640-2653.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PARDANANI A, TEFFERI A: Imatinib targets other than bcr/abl and their clinical relevance in myeloid disorders. Blood (2004) 104(7):1931-1939.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• REEVES PM, BOMMARIUS B, LEBEIS S et al.: Disabling poxvirus pathogenesis by inhibition of Abl-family tyrosine kinases. Nat. Med. (2005) 11(7):731-739.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FRISCHKNECHT F, MOREAU V, ROTTGER S et al.: Actin-based motility of vaccinia virus mimics receptor tyrosine kinase signalling. Nature (1999) 401(6756):926-929.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ANDRADE AA, SILVA PN, PEREIRA AC et al.: The vaccinia virus-stimulated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is required for virus multiplication. Biochem. J. (2004) 381(Part 2):437-446.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• YANG H, KIM SK, KIM M et al.: Antiviral chemotherapy facilitates control of poxvirus infections through inhibition of cellular signal transduction. J. Clin. Invest. (2005) 115(2):379-387.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DE CLERCQ E, NEYTS J: Therapeutic potential of nucleoside/nucleotide analogues against poxvirus infections. Rev. Med. Virol. (2004) 14(5):289-300.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HIRSCH MS, KAPLAN JC, D'AQUILA RT: Antiviral agents. In: Fields Virology. Raven Publishers (1996):431-456.
   Google Scholar
• GHOSH AK, SRIDHAR PR, LESHCHENKO S et al.: Structure-based design of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors to combat drug resistance. J. Med. Chem. (2006) 49(17):5252-5261.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GRAHAM SC, BAHAR MW, ABRESCIA NGA et al.: Structure of CrmE, a virus-encoded TNF receptor. J. Mol. Biol. (2007).
   Google Scholar
• PHAN J, TROPEA JE, WAUGH DS: Structure-assisted discovery of variola major H1 phosphatase inhibitors. Acta Crystallographica (2007) 63(Part 6):698-704.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SAMAL A, SCHORMANN N, COOK WJ, DELUCAS LJ, CHATTOPADHYAY D: Structures of vaccinia virus dUTPase and its nucleotide complexes. Acta Crystallographica D (2007) 63(Part 5):571-580.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar