Bibliography
- Schnitzler L. Lésions urticariennes chroniques permanentes (érythème pétaloïde ?) Cas cliniques, No 46 B. J Dermatol d’Angers 1972;46
- Schnitzler L, Schubert B, Boasson M, et al. Urticaire chronique, lésions osseuses, macroglobulinémie IgM : maladie de Waldenström ? 2ème présentation. Bull Soc Fr Dermatol Syphiligr 1974;81:363
- Lipsker D, Veran Y, Grunenberger F, et al. The Schnitzler syndrome. Four new cases and review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore) 2001;80:37-44
- de Koning HD, Bodar EJ, van der Meer JW, et al. Schnitzler syndrome: beyond the case reports: review and follow-up of 94 patients with an emphasis on prognosis and treatment. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2007;37:137-48
- Kyle RA, Therneau TM, Rajkumar SV, et al. Long-term follow-up of IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Blood 2003;102:3759-64
- Simon A, Asli B, Braun-Falco M, et al. Schnitzler’s syndrome: diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up. Allergy 2013;68:562-8
- Verret JL, Leclech C, Rousselet MC, et al. Syndrome de Schnitzler et maladie de Waldenström. Evolution terminale du cas princeps. Ann Dermatol Venereol 1993;120:459-60
- Jain T, Offord CP, Kyle RA, et al. Schnitzler syndrome: an under-diagnosed clinical entity. Haematologica 2013;98:1581-5
- Saurat JH, Schifferli J, Steiger G, et al. Anti-interleukin-1 alpha autoantibodies in humans: characterization, isotype distribution, and receptor-binding inhibition – higher frequency in Schnitzler’s syndrome (urticaria and macroglobulinemia). J Allergy Clin Immunol 1991;88:244-56
- Martinez-Taboada VM, Fontalba A, Blanco R, et al. Successful treatment of refractory Schnitzler syndrome with anakinra: comment on the article by Hawkins et al. Arthritis Rheum 2005;52:2226-7
- Baty V, Hoen B, Hudziak H, et al. Schnitzler’s syndrome: two case reports and review of the literature. Mayo Clin Proc 1995;70:570-2
- Berdy SS, Bloch KJ. Schnitzler’s syndrome: a broader clinical spectrum. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1991;87:849-54
- Bonnetblanc JM, Drouet M, Laplaud P, et al. Disease activity associated alterations in immunoglobulins profile and bone marrow hypodiploidy. Dermatologica 1990;181:41-3
- Janier M, Bonvalet D, Blanc MF, et al. Chronic urticaria and macroglobulinemia (Schnitzler’s syndrome): report of two cases. J Am Acad Dermatol 1989;20:206-11
- Lecompte M, Blais G, Bisson G, et al. Schnitzler’s syndrome. Skeletal Radiol 1998;27:294-6
- Modiano P, Barbaud A, Laveine E, et al. Efficacité de la PUVAtherapie dans un syndrome de Schnitzler. Nouv Dermatol 1995;14:362-3
- Blasum C, Wozel G, Patzak A, et al. Schnitzler’s syndrome (urticaria vasculitis and monoclonal gammopathie of IgM type): succesful treatment with extracorporal immunoadsorption. Ann Dermatol Venereol 1997;124(Suppl):S173-4
- Borradori L, Rybojad M, Puissant A, et al. Urticarial vasculitis associated with a monoclonal IgM gammopathy: schnitzler’s syndrome. Br J Dermatol 1990;123:113-18
- Germain P, Fach J, Bui N, et al. Syndrome de Schnitzler : une cause rare d’urticaire systémique. Rev Med Interne 2000;21:285-9
- Lebbe C, Rybojad M, Klein F, et al. Schnitzler’s syndrome associated with sensorimotor neuropathy. J Am Acad Dermatol 1994;30:316-18
- Worm M, Kolde G. Schnitzler’s syndrome: successful treatment of two patients using thalidomide. Br J Dermatol 2003;148:601-2
- de Koning HD, Bodar EJ, Simon A, et al. Beneficial response to anakinra and thalidomide in Schnitzler’s syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis 2006;65:542-4
- Adam Z, Krejci M, Pour L, et al. Schnitzler syndrome--report on a fourteen-year course of the disease and an overview of information on the disease. Vnitr Lek 2008;54:1140-53
- Lagana B, Podesta E, Picchianti Diamanti A, et al. Schnitzler’s syndrome with biclonal gammopathy successfully treated with hydroxychloroquine and low dose steroids. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2008;26:1161
- Peronato G, De Sandre P, Bonoldi E. Urticaria osteocondensation and monoclonal gammopathy (Schnitzler syndrome): a new case report. Online Arch Rheumatol 1999;3:4
- Bozeman S, Lewis S. Schnitzler syndrome successfully treated with methotrexate. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2008;101:219
- Peterlana D, Puccetti A, Tinazzi E, et al. Schnitzler’s syndrome treated successfully with intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide. Scand J Rheumatol 2005;34:328-30
- Pascual-Lopez M, Hernandez-Nunez A, Sanchez-Perez J, et al. Schnitzler’s syndrome with monoclonal IgG kappa gammopathy: good response to cyclosporin. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2002;16:267-70
- Lim W, Shumak KH, Reis M, et al. Malignant evolution of Schnitzler’s syndrome--chronic urticaria and IgM monoclonal gammopathy: report of a new case and review of the literature. Leuk Lymphoma 2002;43:181-6
- Famularo G, Barracchini A, Minisola G. Severe thrombophilia with antiphospholipid syndrome and hyperhomocysteinemia in a patient with Schnitzler’s syndrome. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2003;21:366-8
- Schartz NE, Buder S, Sperl H, et al. Report of a case of Schnitzler’s syndrome treated successfully with interferon alpha 2b. Dermatology 2002;205:54-6
- Kuenzli S, Buchet S, Saurat JH. Successful treatment of Schnitzler’s syndrome with interferon alfa-2b. Dermatology 2002;205:74
- Asli B, Bienvenu B, Cordoliani F, et al. Chronic urticaria and monoclonal IgM gammopathy (Schnitzler syndrome): report of 11 cases treated with pefloxacin. Arch Dermatol 2007;143:1046-50
- Kastritis E, Katoulis A, Terpos E, et al. Schnitzler’s syndrome: increased levels of bone formation and angiogenesis factors are reduced after successful pefloxacin treatment. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma 2008;8:359-62
- Wendling D, Prati C, Hoen B, et al. Symptomatic treatment of a case of Schnitzler’s syndrome with pamidronate. Joint Bone Spine 2008;75:507-8
- Terpos E, Asli B, Christoulas D, et al. Increased angiogenesis and enhanced bone formation in patients with IgM monoclonal gammopathy and urticarial skin rash: new insight into the biology of Schnitzler syndrome. Haematologica 2012;97:1699-703
- Westhoff TH, Zidek W, Uharek L, et al. Impairment of renal function in Schnitzler’s syndrome. J Nephrol 2006;19:660-3
- Dalle S, Balme B, Sebban C, et al. Schnitzler syndrome associated with systemic marginal zone B-cell lymphoma. Br J Dermatol 2006;155:827-9
- Ramadan KM, Eswedi HA, El-Agnaf MR. Schnitzler syndrome: a case report of successful treatment using the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab. Br J Dermatol 2007;156:1072-4
- Tinazzi E, Puccetti A, Patuzzo G, et al. Schnitzler syndrome, an autoimmune-autoinflammatory syndrome: report of two new cases and review of the literature. Autoimmun Rev 2011;10:404-9
- Murota H, Shoda Y, Ishibashi T, et al. Improvement of recurrent urticaria in a patient with Schnitzler syndrome associated with B-cell lymphoma with combination rituximab and radiotherapy. J Am Acad Dermatol 2009;61:1070-5
- Eiling E, Moller M, Kreiselmaier I, et al. Schnitzler syndrome: treatment failure to rituximab but response to anakinra. J Am Acad Dermatol 2007;57:361-4
- Cascavilla N, Bisceglia M, D’Arena G. Successful treatment of Schnitzler’s syndrome with anakinra after failure of rituximab trial. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2010;23:633-6
- Thonhofer R, Uitz E, Graninger W. Schnitzler’s syndrome – exacerbation after anti-TNF treatment. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2007;46:1041-2
- Lin R, Jagannath S. Treatment of Schnitzler’s syndrome with colchicine: a case report. Internet J Asthma Allergy Immunol 2004;4:1
- Aikawa NE, Silva CA, Bonfa E, et al. Schnitzler’s syndrome improvement after anti-TNF-alpha therapy. Joint Bone Spine 2010;77:491
- Szturz P, Sediva A, Zurek M, et al. [Anakinra treatment in Schnitzler syndrome - results of the first retrospective multicenter study in six patients from the Czech Republic]. Klin Onkol 2014;27:111-26
- Welsh B, Tate B. Schnitzler’s syndrome: report of a case with progression to Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinaemia. Australas J Dermatol 1999;40:201-3
- Bodar EJ, Simon A, van der Meer JW. Effects of the histone deacetylase inhibitor ITF2357 in autoinflammatory syndromes. Mol Med 2011;17:363-8
- Crouch R, Akhras V, Sarkany R. Schnitzler’s syndrome: successful treatment with anakinra. Australas J Dermatol 2007;48:178-81
- Gilson M, Abad S, Larroche C, et al. Treatment of Schnitzler’s syndrome with anakinra. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2007;25:931
- Schneider SW, Gaubitz M, Luger TA, et al. Prompt response of refractory Schnitzler syndrome to treatment with anakinra. J Am Acad Dermatol 2007;56:S120-2
- Devlin LA, Wright G, Edgar JD. A rare cause of a common symptom, Anakinra is effective in the urticaria of Schnitzler Syndrome: a case report. Cases J 2008;1:348
- Eiling E, Schroder JO, Gross WL, et al. The Schnitzler syndrome: chronic urticaria and monoclonal gammopathy – an autoinflammatory syndrome? J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2008;6:626-31
- Frischmeyer-Guerrerio PA, Rachamalla R, Saini SS. Remission of Schnitzler syndrome after treatment with anakinra. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2008;100:617-19
- Kluger N, Riviere S, Guillot B, et al. Efficacy of interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (anakinra) on a refractory case of Schnitzler’s syndrome. Acta Derm Venereol 2008;88:287-8
- Ryan JG, de Koning HD, Beck LA, et al. IL-1 blockade in Schnitzler syndrome: ex vivo findings correlate with clinical remission. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2008;121:260-2
- Saiz E, Galvez J, Mora A, et al. Sindrome de Schnitzler y anakinra. Med Clin (Barc) 2008;130:358-9
- De Raedt N, Mortelmans L. Schnitzler’s syndrome: an unusual cause of bone pain with suggestive nucleat imaging feautures. Médecine Nucléaire 2009;33:655-7
- Migliorini P, Del Corso I, Tommasi C, et al. Free circulating interleukin-18 is increased in Schnitzler syndrome: a new autoinflammatory disease? Eur Cytokine Netw 2009;20:108-11
- Schuster C, Kranke B, Aberer E, et al. Schnitzler syndrome: response to anakinra in two cases and a review of the literature. Int J Dermatol 2009;48:1190-4
- Wastiaux H, Barbarot S, Gagey-Caron V, et al. Schnitzler syndrome: a dramatic improvement with anakinra. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2009;23:85-7
- Besada E, Nossent H. Dramatic response to IL1-RA treatment in longstanding multidrug resistant Schnitzler’s syndrome: a case report and literature review. Clin Rheumatol 2010;29:567-71
- Billey T, Beldjerd M, Popa L, Lassoued S. Syndrome de Schnitzler : un cas traité avec succès par anakinra. Presse Med 2010;39:1338-9
- Loock J, Lamprecht P, Timmann C, et al. Genetic predisposition (NLRP3 V198M mutation) for IL-1-mediated inflammation in a patient with Schnitzler syndrome. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010;125:500-2
- Gran JT, Midtvedt O, Haug S, et al. Treatment of Schnitzler’s syndrome with anakinra: report of three cases and review of the literature. Scand J Rheumatol 2011;40:74-9
- Vandenhende MA, Bentaberry F, Morlat P, et al. Anakinra: an effective treatment in the Schnitzler syndrome. Joint Bone Spine 2011;78:636-7
- Szturz P, Adam Z, Hajek R, et al. Successful anakinra therapy in 2 patients with Schnitzler syndrome. Onkologie 2011;34:265-8
- Larocca CA, McEvoy JW, Ellis CL, et al. Schnitzler’s syndrome associated with pancreatitis: a disease of IL-1 dysregulation. Clin Rheumatol 2012;31:169-74
- Sokumbi O, Drage LA, Peters MS. Clinical and histopathologic review of Schnitzler syndrome: the Mayo Clinic experience (1972-2011). J Am Acad Dermatol 2012;67:1289-95
- Volz T, Wolbing F, Fischer J, et al. Dermal interleukin-1 expression and effective and long-lasting therapy with interleukin-1 receptor antagonist anakinra in Schnitzler syndrome. Acta Derm Venereol 2012;92:393-4
- Benitez Gutierrez L, Mellor Pita S, Tutor de Ureta P, et al. Sindrome de Schnitzler: presentacion de un caso y revision de la respuesta al tratamiento con anakinra. Med Clin (Barc) 2013;140:427-8
- Launay D, Dutoit-Lefevre V, Faure E, et al. Effect of in vitro and in vivo anakinra on cytokines production in Schnitzler syndrome. PLoS One 2013;8:e59327
- Krause K, Feist E, Fiene M, et al. Complete remission in 3 of 3 anti-IL-6-treated patients with Schnitzler syndrome. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012;129:848-50
- Thomsen SF, Duhn PH, Kristensen J. A 51-year old woman with Schnitzler syndrome treated with canakinumab. Open Dermatol J 2011;5
- Chiu HY, Tsai TF. Long-term control of refractory Schnitzler syndrome with anakinra: a case report. Dermatologica Sinica 2010;28:82-6
- Lazarevic V, Markuszewska A, Stenberg B, et al. Schnitzler syndrome--unknown, rare but treatable. Lakartidningen 2008;105:3348-51
- Klemmer N, Lenain P, Balguerie X, et al. Effectiveness of anti-IL1 in Schnitzler’s syndrome. Joint Bone Spine 2007;74:509-10
- Vanderschueren S, Knockaert D. Canakinumab in Schnitzler syndrome. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2013;42:413-16
- de Koning HD, Schalkwijk J, van der Ven-Jongekrijg J, et al. Sustained efficacy of the monoclonal anti-interleukin-1 beta antibody canakinumab in a 9-month trial in Schnitzler’s syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis 2013;72:1634-8
- Neel A, Masseau A, Henry B, et al. Efficacité et tolérance à long terme de l’Anakinra dans le syndrome de Schnitzler: étude rétrospective multicentrique. Rev Med Interne 2013;34(Suppl 2):A31
- Lipsker D. The Schnitzler syndrome. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2010;5:38
- de Koning HD, Schalkwijk J, van der Meer JW, et al. Successful canakinumab treatment identifies IL-1beta as a pivotal mediator in Schnitzler syndrome. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011;128:1352-4
- Fox R, Pesek R. First Reported Cases Of Schnitzler Syndrome Successfully Treated With Canakinumab (anti-IL-1-beta). J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011;127:AB227
- Krause K, Weller K, Stefaniak R, et al. Efficacy and safety of the interleukin-1 antagonist rilonacept in Schnitzler syndrome: an open-label study. Allergy 2012;67:943-50
- Roell MK, Issafras H, Bauer RJ, et al. Kinetic approach to pathway attenuation using XOMA 052, a regulatory therapeutic antibody that modulates interleukin-1beta activity. J Biol Chem 2010;285:20607-14
- Kieffer C, Cribier B, Lipsker D. Neutrophilic urticarial dermatosis: a variant of neutrophilic urticaria strongly associated with systemic disease. Report of 9 new cases and review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore) 2009;88:23-31