References
- Adams , C. E. and Thorpe , J. E. 1989 . Photoperiod and temperature effects on early development and reproductive investment in Atlantic salmon . Aquaculture , 79 : 403 – 409 .
- Bailey , J. K. , Saunders , R. L. and Buzeta , M. I. 1980 . Influence of parental smolt age and sea age on growth and smolting of hatchery-reared Atlantic salmon . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 37 : 1379 – 1386 .
- Berglund , I. 1995 . Effects of size and spring growth on sexual maturation in 1+ Atlantic salmon male parr: interactions with smoltification . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 52 : 2682 – 2694 .
- Clarke , W. C. and Blackburn , J. 1994 . Effect of growth on early sexual maturation in stream-type chinook salmon . Aquaculture , 121 : 95 – 103 .
- Foote , C. J. , Clarke , W. C. and Blackburn , J. 1991 . Inhibition of smolting in precocious male chinook salmon . Canadian Journal of Zoology , 69 : 1848 – 1852 .
- Heath , D. D. , Devlin , R. H. , Heath , J. W. and Iwama , G. W. 1994 . Genetic, environmental and interaction effects on the incidence of jacking in chinook salmon . Heredity , 72 : 146 – 154 .
- Heath , D. D. , Devlin , R. H. , Heath , J. W. , Sweeting , R. M. , McKeown , B. A. and Iwama , G. A. 1996 . Growth and hormonal changes associated with precocious sexual maturation in male chinook salmon . Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , 208 : 239 – 250 .
- Hopkins , C. L. and Unwin , M. J. 1997 . The effect of restricted springtime feeding on growth and maturation of freshwater-reared chinook salmon . Aquaculture Research , 28 : 545 – 549 .
- Iwamoto , R. N. , Alexander , B. A. and Hershberger , W. K. 1984 . Genotypic and environmental effects on the incidence of sexual precocity in coho salmon . Aquaculture , 43 : 105 – 121 .
- McMichael , G. A. , Pearsons , T. N. and Leider , S. A. 1999 . Behavioral interactions among hatchery-reared steelhead smolts and wild Oncorhynchus mykiss in natural streams . North American Journal of Fisheries Management , 19 : 948 – 956 .
- McMichael , G. A. , Sharpe , C. S. and Pearsons , T. N. 1997 . Effects of residual hatchery-reared steelhead on growth of wild rainbow trout and spring chinook salmon . Transactions of the American Fisheries Society , 126 : 230 – 239 .
- Naevdal , G. 1983 . Genetic factors in connection with age at maturation . Aquaculture , 33 : 97 – 106 .
- Pirhonen , J. and Forsman , L. 1999 . Can smolting and maturation of hatchery-reared brown trout be affected by food deprivation during the first and second years of rearing? . Aquaculture Research , 30 : 611 – 620 .
- Rowe , D. K. and Thorpe , J. E. 1990 . Suppression of maturation in male Atlantic salmon parr by reduction in feeding and growth during spring months . Aquaculture , 86 : 291 – 313 .
- Rowe , D. K. , Thorpe , J. E. and Shanks , A. M. 1991 . Role of fat stores in the maturation of male Atlantic salmon parr . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 48 : 405 – 413 .
- Schmidt , S. P. and House , E. W. 1979 . Precocious sexual development in hatchery-reared and laboratory maintained male steelhead trout . Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada , 36 : 90 – 93 .
- Shearer , K. , Parkins , P. , Gadberry , B. , Campbell , B. , Dickey , J. and Swanson , P. 2002 . The effects of growth rate/size on the incidence of early sexual maturation in male spring chinook salmon , Report to the Bonneville Power Administration, Contract 00005227, Project 199305600 Oregon : Portland .
- Shearer , K. D. and Swanson , P. 2000 . The effect of whole body lipid on early sexual maturation of 1+ age male chinook salmon . Aquaculture , 190 : 343 – 367 .
- Silverstein , J. T. , Shearer , K. D. , Dickoff , W. W. and Plisetskaya , E. M. 1998 . Effects of growth and fatness on sexual development of chinook salmon parr . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 55 : 2376 – 2382 .
- Thorpe , J. E. , Talbot , C. , Miles , M. S. and Keay , D. S. 1990 . Control of maturation in cultured Atlantic salmon in pumped seawater tanks, by restricting food intake . Aquaculture , 86 : 315 – 326 .
- Viola , A. E. and Schuck , M. L. 1995 . A method to reduce the abundance of residual hatchery steelhead in rivers . North American Journal of Fisheries Management , 15 : 488 – 493 .