Distinguishing Wild from Hatchery-Produced Juvenile Red Snapper with Otolith Chemical Signatures

References

• Barnett-Johnson , R. , Pearson , T. E. , Ramos , F. C. , Grimes , C. B. and MacFarlane , R. B. 2008 . Tracking natal origins of salmon using isotopes, otoliths, and landscape ecology . Limnology and Oceanography , 53 : 1633 – 1642 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bath , G. E. , Thorrold , S. R. , Jones , C. M. , Campana , S. E. , McLaren , J. W. and Lam , J. W. H. 2000 . Strontium and barium uptake in aragonitic otoliths of marine fish . Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta , 64 : 1705 – 1714 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brannon , E. L. , Amend , D. F. , Cronin , M. A. , Lannan , J. E. , LaPatra , S. , McNeil , W. J. , Noble , R. E. , Smith , C. E. , Talbot , A. J. , Wedemeyer , G. A. and Westers , H. 2004 . The controversy about salmon hatcheries . Fisheries , 29 (9) : 12 – 31 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brennan , N. P. , Leber , K. M. and Blackburn , B. R. 2007 . Use of coded-wire and visible implant elastomer tags for marine stock enhancement with juvenile red snapper Lutjanus campechanus . Fisheries Research (Amsterdam) , 83 : 90 – 97 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brennan , N. P. , Leber , K. M. , Blankenship , H. L. , Ransier , J. M. and DeBruler , R. 2005 . An evaluation of coded wire and elastomer tag performance in juvenile common snook under field and laboratory conditions . North American Journal of Fisheries Management , 25 : 437 – 445 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bumguardner , B. W. and King , T. L. 1996 . Toxicity of oxytetracycline and calcein to juvenile striped bass . Transactions of the American Fisheries Society , 125 : 143 – 145 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campana , S. E. 1999 . Chemistry and composition of fish otoliths: Pathways, mechanisms and applications . Marine Ecology Progress Series , 188 : 263 – 297 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campana , S. E. and Thorrold , S. R. 2001 . Otoliths, increments, and elements: Keys to a comprehensive understanding of fish populations? . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 58 : 30 – 38 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carter , C. G. and Hauler , R. C. 2000 . Fish meal replacement by plant meals in extruded feeds for Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L . Aquaculture , 185 : 299 – 311 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caudron , A. and Champigneulle , A. 2009 . Multiple marking of otoliths of brown trout, Salmo trutta L., with alizarin redS to compare efficiency of stocking of three early life stages . Fisheries Management and Ecology , 16 : 219 – 224 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diamond , S. L. 2004 . Bycatch quotas in the Gulf of Mexico shrimp trawl fishery: Can they work? . Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries , 14 : 207 – 237 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eckman , R. 2003 . Alizarin marking of whitefish, Coregonus lavaretus, otoliths during egg incubation . Fisheries Management and Ecology , 10 : 233 – 239 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elsdon , T. S. and Gillanders , B. M. 2004 . Fish otolith chemistry influenced by exposure to multiple environmental variables . Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , 313 : 269 – 284 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elsdon , T. S. , Wells , B. K. , Campana , S. E. , Gillanders , B. M. , Jones , C. M. , Limburg , K. E. , Secor , D. H. , Thorrold , S. R. and Walther , B. D. 2008 . Otolith chemistry to describe movements and life history parameters of fishes: Hypotheses, assumptions, limitations, and inferences . Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review , 46 : 297 – 330 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallaway , B. J. and Cole , J. G. 1999 . Reduction of juvenile red snapper bycatch in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico shrimp trawl fishery . North American Journal of Fisheries Management , 19 : 342 – 355 .
   Google Scholar
• Gillanders , B. M. and Joyce , T. C. 2005 . Distinguishing aquaculture and wild yellowtail kingfish via natural elemental signatures in otoliths . Marine and Freshwater Research , 56 : 693 – 704 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gold , J. R. and Saillant , E. 2007 . “ Population structure of red snapper in the northern Gulf of Mexico. ” . In Red snapper population ecology and fisheries of U.S. Gulf of Mexico , Symposium 60 Edited by: Patterson , W. F. III , Cowan , J. H. Jr. , Fitzhugh , G. R. and Nieland , D. A. 201 – 216 . Bethesda, Maryland : American Fisheries Society .
   Google Scholar
• Goodyear , C. P. 1988 . Recent trends in the red snapper fishery of the Gulf of Mexico Miami : U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Science Center . Report CRD-87/88-16
   Google Scholar
• Goodyear , C. P. 1995 . Red snapper in U.S. waters of the Gulf of Mexico Miami : U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Science Center . Report MIA-95/96-05
   Google Scholar
• Guy , C. S. , Blankenship , H. L. and Nielsen , L. A. 1996 . “ Tagging and marking. ” . In Fisheries techniques, , 2nd edition Edited by: Murphy , B. R. and Willis , D. W. 353 – 383 . Bethesda, Maryland : American Fisheries Society .
   Google Scholar
• Hartman , K. J. and Janney , E. C. 2006 . Visual implant elastomer and anchor tag retention in largemouth bass . North American Journal of Fisheries Management , 26 : 665 – 669 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Høie , H. , Anderson , C. , Folkvord , A. and Karlsen , Ø. 2004 . Precision and accuracy of stable isotope signals in otoliths of pen-reared cod (Gadus morhua) when sampled with a high resolution micromill . Marine Biology , 144 : 1039 – 1049 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hood , P. B. , Strelcheck , A. J. and Steele , P. 2007 . “ A history of red snapper management in the Gulf of Mexico. ” . In Red snapper population ecology and fisheries of U.S. Gulf of Mexico , Symposium 60 Edited by: Patterson , W. F. III , Cowan , J. H. Jr. , Fitzhugh , G. R. and Nieland , D. A. 285 – 300 . Bethesda, Maryland : American Fisheries Society .
   Google Scholar
• Kalish , J. M. 1991 . 13C and 18O isotopic disequilibria in fish otoliths: Metabolic and kinetic effects . Marine Ecology Progress Series , 75 : 191 – 203 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lepis , J. C. , Baril , T. , Rodd , F. H. , Reznick , D. N. , Bashey , F. , Visser , G. J. and Travis , J. 2001 . The suitability of calcein to mark poeciliid fish and a new method of detection . Transactions of the American Fisheries Society , 130 : 501 – 507 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lynch , M. and O'Hely , M. 2001 . Captive breeding and the genetic fitness of natural populations . Conservation Genetics , 2 : 363 – 378 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin , G. B. and Thorrold , S. R. 2005 . Temperature and salinity effects on magnesium, manganese, and barium incorporation in otoliths of larval and early juvenile spot Leiostomus xanthurus . Marine Ecology Progress Series , 293 : 223 – 232 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mauk , R. 2008 . Efficacy of oxytetracycline marking of fingerling palmetto bass in hard water . North American Journal of Fisheries Management , 28 : 258 – 262 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller , C. L. , Davis , D. A. and Phelps , R. P. 2005 . The effects of dietary protein and lipid on growth and body composition of juvenile and sub-adult red snapper, Lutjanus campechanus (Poey, 1860) . Aquaculture Research , 36 : 52 – 60 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Minton , R. V. and Heath , S. R. 1998 . Alabama's artificial reef program: Building oases in the desert . Gulf of Mexico Science , 16 : 105 – 106 .
   Google Scholar
• Molony , B. W. , Lenanton , R. , Jackson , G. and Norriss , J. 2003 . Stock enhancement as a fisheries management tool . Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries , 13 : 409 – 432 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munro , A. R. , Gillanders , B. M. , Elsdon , T. S. , Crook , D. A. and Sanger , A. C. 2008 . Enriched stable isotope marking of juvenile golden perch (Macquaria ambigua) otoliths . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 65 : 276 – 285 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson , R. S. and Manooch , C. S. III. 1982 . Growth and mortality of red snappers in the west-central Atlantic Ocean and the northern Gulf of Mexico . Transactions of the American Fisheries Society , 111 : 465 – 475 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ogle , J. T. and Lotz , J. M. 2006 . Characterization of an experimental indoor larval production system for red snapper . North American Journal of Aquaculture , 68 : 86 – 91 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olsen , E. M. , Gjoesaeter , J. and Stenseth , N. C. 2004 . Evaluation of the use of visible implant tags in age-0 Atlantic cod . North American Journal of Fisheries Management , 24 : 282 – 286 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patterson , W. F. III and Cowan , J. H. Jr. 2003 . “ Site fidelity and dispersion of tagged red snapper in the northern Gulf of Mexico. ” . In Fisheries, reefs, and offshore development , Symposium 36 Edited by: Stanley , D. and Scarborough-Bull , A. 181 – 193 . Bethesda, Maryland : American Fisheries Society .
   Google Scholar
• Patterson , W. F. III , Cowan , J. H. Jr. , Wilson , C. A. and Chen , Z. 2008 . Temporal and spatial variability in juvenile Gulf of Mexico red snapper otolith elemental signatures . Transactions of the American Fisheries Society , 137 : 521 – 532 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patterson , W. F. III , Wilson , C. A. , Cowan , J. H. Jr. , Bentley , S. J. , Henwood , T. A. , Allen , Y. C. and Dufrene , T. A. 2005 . “ Delineating essential juvenile red snapper habitat in the north central Gulf of Mexico. ” . In Benthic habitats and the effects of fishing , Symposium 41 Edited by: Barnes , P. W. and Thomas , J. P. 277 – 288 . Bethesda, Maryland : American Fisheries Society .
   Google Scholar
• Patterson , W. P. , Smith , G. R. and Lohmann , K. C. 1993 . Continental paleothermometry and seasonality using the isotopic composition of aragonitic otoliths of freshwater fishes . Geophysical Monograph, American Geophysical Union , 78 : 191 – 202 .
   Google Scholar
• Phelps , R. P. , Papanikos , N. , Bourque , B. D. , Bueno , F. T. , Hasty , R. P. , Maus , D. L. , Ferry , A. and Davis , D. A. 2009 . Spawning of red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) in response to hormonal induction or environmental control in a hatchery setting . Reviews in Fisheries Science , 17 : 149 – 155 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Porch , C. E. 2007 . “ An assessment of the red snapper fishery in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico using a spatially-explicit age-structured model. ” . In Red snapper population ecology and fisheries of U.S. Gulf of Mexico , Symposium 60 Edited by: Patterson , W. F. III , Cowan , J. H. Jr. , Fitzhugh , G. R. and Nieland , D. A. 355 – 384 . Bethesda, Maryland : American Fisheries Society .
   Google Scholar
• Porch , C. E. , Turner , S. C. and Schirripa , M. J. 2007 . “ Reconstructing the commercial landings of red snapper in the Gulf of Mexico from 1872 to 1963. ” . In Red snapper population ecology and fisheries of U.S. Gulf of Mexico , Symposium 60 Edited by: Patterson , W. F. III , Cowan , J. H. Jr. , Fitzhugh , G. R. and Nieland , D. A. 337 – 354 . Bethesda, Maryland : American Fisheries Society .
   Google Scholar
• Powell , K. 2003 . Eat your veg . Nature (London) , 426 : 378 – 379 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reinert , T. R. , Wallin , J. , Griffin , M. C. , Conroy , M. J. and Van den Avyle , M. J. 1998 . Long-term retention and detection of oxytetracycline marks applied to hatchery-reared larval striped bass, Morone saxatilis . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 55 : 539 – 543 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhodes , M. A. and Phelps , R. P. 2008 . Evaluation of the ciliated protozoa, Fabrea salina, as a first food for larval red snapper, Lutjanus campechanus, in a large scale rearing experiment . Journal of Applied Aquaculture , 20 (3) : 120 – 133 .
   Google Scholar
• SAS (SAS Institute). 2004 . Statistics: Version 11.3 Cary, North Carolina : SAS Institute .
   Google Scholar
• Saillant , E. and Gold , J. R. 2006 . Population structure and variance effective size of red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) in the northern Gulf of Mexico . U.S. National Marine Fisheries Services Fishery Bulletin , 104 : 136 – 148 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schaner , T. , Patterson , W. P. , Lantry , B. F. and O'Gorman , R. 2007 . Distinguishing wild vs. stocked lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in Lake Ontario: Evidence from carbon and oxygen stable isotope values of otoliths . Journal of Great Lakes Research , 33 : 912 – 916 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schirripa , M. J. and Legault , C. M. 1999 . Status of the red snapper in U.S. waters of the Gulf of Mexico updated through 1998 Miami : U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fishery Science Center, Sustainable Fisheries Division . SFD-99/00-75
   Google Scholar
• Schwarcz , H. P. , Gao , Y. , Campana , S. , Browne , D. , Knyf , M. and Brand , U. 1998 . Stable carbon isotope variations in otoliths of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 55 : 1798 – 1806 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Secor , D. H. , White , M. G. and Dean , J. M. 1991 . Immersion marking of larval and juvenile hatchery-produced striped bass with oxytetracycline . Transactions of the American Fisheries Society , 120 : 261 – 266 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shipp , R. L. and Bortone , S. A. 2009 . A perspective on the importance of artificial habitat on the management of red snapper in the Gulf of Mexico . Reviews in Fisheries Science , 17 : 41 – 47 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solomon , C. T. , Weber , P. K. , Cech , J. J. Jr. , Ingram , B. L. , Conrad , M. E. , Machavaram , M. V. , Pogodina , A. R. and Franklin , R. L. 2006 . Experimental determination of the sources of otolith carbon and associated isotopic fractionation . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 63 : 79 – 89 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sturgeon , R. E. , Willie , S. N. , Yang , L. , Greenberg , R. , Spatz , R. O. , Chen , Z. , Scriver , C. , Clancy , V. , Lam , J. W. and Thorrold , S. 2005 . Certification of a fish otolith reference material in support of quality assurance for trace element analysis . Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry , 20 : 1067 – 1071 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor , M. D. and Piola , P. F. 2008 . Scale stocking checks to differentiate between hatchery-reared and wild mulloway Argyrosomus japanicus . Fisheries Management and Ecology , 15 : 211 – 216 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thorrold , S. R. , Campana , S. E. , Jones , C. M. and Swart , P. K. 1997 . Factors determining δ13C and δ180 fractionation in aragonitic otoliths of marine fish . Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta , 61 : 2909 – 2919 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thorrold , S. R. , Jones , G. P. , Planes , S. and Hare , J. A. 2006 . Transgenerational marking of embryonic otoliths in marine fishes using barium stable isotopes . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 63 : 1193 – 1197 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Volkoff , M. C. and Titus , R. G. 2007 . Use of otolith microstructure to discriminate stocks of juvenile Central Valley, California, fall-run Chinook salmon . Transactions of the American Fisheries Society , 136 : 165 – 210 .
   Google Scholar
• Walther , B. D. and Thorrold , S. R. 2006 . Water, not food, contributes the majority of strontium and barium deposited in the otoliths of a marine fish . Marine Ecology Progress Series , 311 : 125 – 130 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watson , J. , Foster , D. , Nichols , S. , Shah , A. , Scott-Denton , E. and Nance , J. 1999 . The development of bycatch reduction technology in the southeastern United States shrimp fishery . Marine Technology Society Journal , 33 : 51 – 56 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wells , R. J. D. , Cowan , J. H. Jr. and Fry , B. 2008 . Feeding ecology of red snapper Lutjanus campechanus in the northern Gulf of Mexico . Marine Ecology Progress Series , 361 : 213 – 225 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams , K. , Papanikos , N. , Phelps , R. P. and Shardo , J. D. 2004 . Development, growth, and yolk utilization of hatchery-reared red snapper Lutjanus campechanus larvae . Marine Ecology Progress Series , 275 : 231 – 239 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wurster , C. M. and Patterson , W. P. 2003 . Metabolic rate of late Holocene freshwater fish: Evidence from δ13C values of otoliths . Paleobiology , 29 : 492 – 505 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar