Relative Effects of Biotic and Abiotic Processes: A Test of the Biotic–Abiotic Constraining Hypothesis as Applied to Cutthroat Trout

References

• Anderson , C. S. 1995 . Measuring and correcting for size selection in electrofishing mark-recapture experiments . Transactions of the American Fisheries Society , 124 : 663 – 676 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson , M. T. , Kiesecker , J. M. , Chivers , D. P. and Blaustein , A. R. 2001 . The direct and indirect effects of temperature on a predator-prey relationship . Canadian Journal of Zoology , 79 : 1834 – 1841 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Armantrout , N. B. 1998 . Glossary of aquatic habitat inventory terminology Bethesda, Maryland : American Fisheries Society . compiler
   Google Scholar
• Bachman , R. A. 1984 . Foraging behavior of free-ranging wild and hatchery brown trout in a stream . Transactions of the American Fisheries Society , 113 : 1 – 32 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baxter , G. T. and Stone , M. D. 1995 . Fishes of Wyoming Cheyenne : Wyoming Game and Fish Department .
   Google Scholar
• Behnke , R. J. 2002 . Trout and salmon of North America New York : Free Press .
   Google Scholar
• Bozek , M. A. and Hubert , W. A. 1992 . Segregation of resident trout in stream as predicted by three habitat dimensions . Canadian Journal of Zoology , 70 : 886 – 890 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burnham , K. P. and Anderson , D. R. 2002 . Model selection and multi-model inference, , 2nd edition New York : Springer-Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Chisholm , I. M. and Hubert , W. A. 1986 . Influence of stream gradient on standing stock of brook trout in the Snowy Range, Wyoming . Northwest Science , 60 : 137 – 139 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeStaso , J III and Rahel , F. J. 1994 . Influence of water temperature and interactions between juvenile Colorado River cutthroat trout and brook trout in a laboratory stream . Transactions of the American Fisheries Society , 123 : 289 – 297 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gard , R. and Flittner , G. A. 1974 . Distribution and abundance of fishes in Sagehen Creek, California . Journal of Wildlife Management , 38 : 347 – 358 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griffith , J. S Jr . 1988 . “ Review of competition between cutthroat trout and other salmonids ” . In Status and management of interior stocks of cutthroat trout , Symposium 4 Edited by: Gresswell , R. E. 134 – 140 . Bethesda, Maryland : American Fisheries Society .
   Google Scholar
• Hall , C. A. , Chase , J. and Leibold , M. A. 2003 . Ecological niches: linking classic and contemporary approaches Chicago : University of Chicago Press .
   Google Scholar
• Harig , A. L. and Fausch , K. D. 2002 . Minimum habitat requirements for establishing translocated cutthroat trout populations . Ecological Applications , 12 : 535 – 551 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harvey , B. C. 1991 . Interaction of abiotic and biotic factors influences larval fish survival in an Oklahoma stream . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 48 : 1476 – 1480 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hinch , S. G. , Collins , N. C. and Harvey , H. H. 1991 . Relative abundance of littoral zone fishes: biotic interactions, abiotic factors, and postglacial colonization . Ecology , 72 : 1314 – 1324 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hutchinson , G. E. 1959 . Homage to Santa Rosalia or why are there so many kinds of animals? . American Naturalist , 93 : 145 – 159 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Isaak , D. J. 2001 . A landscape ecological view of trout populations across a Rocky Mountain watershed. Doctoral dissertation Laramie : University of Wyoming .
   Google Scholar
• Isaak , D. J. and Hubert , W. A. 1999 . Accuracy and precision of stream reach water surface slopes estimated in the field and from maps . North American Journal of Fisheries Management , 19 : 141 – 148 .
   Google Scholar
• Jackson , D. A. , Peres-Neto , P. R. and Olden , J. D. 2001 . What controls who is where in freshwater fish communities—the roles of biotic, abiotic, and spatial factors . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 58 : 157 – 170 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson , D. E. 1998 . Applied multivariate methods for data analysts Pacific Grove, California : Duxbury Press .
   Google Scholar
• Kozel , S. J. and Hubert , W. A. 1989 . Factors influencing the abundance of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in forested mountain streams . Journal of Freshwater Ecology , 5 : 113 – 122 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kruse , C. G. , Hubert , W. A. and Rahel , F. J. 2000 . Status of Yellowstone cutthroat trout in Wyoming waters . North American Journal of Fisheries Management , 20 : 693 – 705 .
   Google Scholar
• Larscheid , J. G. and Hubert , W. A. 1992 . Factors influencing the size structure of brook trout and brown trout in southeastern Wyoming mountain streams . North American Journal of Fisheries Management , 12 : 109 – 117 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Matthews , W. J. 1998 . Patterns in freshwater fish ecology New York : Chapman and Hall .
   Google Scholar
• Meyer , C. B. 2003 . The importance of measuring biotic and abiotic factors in the lower egg pocket to predict coho salmon egg survival . Journal of Fish Biology , 62 : 534 – 548 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Micheli , F. , Peterson , C. H. , Mullineaux , L. S. , Fisher , C. R. , Mills , S. W. , Sancho , G. , Johnson , G. A. and Lenihan , H. S. 2002 . Predation structure communities at deep-sea hydrothermal vents . Ecological Monographs , 72 : 365 – 382 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Minckley , W. L. , Marsh , P. C. , Deacon , J. E. , Dowling , T. E. , Hedrick , P. W. , Matthews , W. J. and Mueller , G. 2003 . A conservation plan for native fishes of the lower Colorado River . BioScience , 53 : 219 – 234 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Novinger , D. C. and Rahel , F. J. 2003 . Isolation management with artificial barriers as a conservation strategy for cutthroat trout in headwater streams . Conservation Biology , 17 : 772 – 781 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paine , R. T. 1969 . A note on trophic complexity and community stability . American Naturalist , 103 : 91 – 93 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Persson , L. 1997 . Competition, predation and environmental factors as structuring forces in freshwater communities: Sumari revisited . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 54 : 85 – 88 . 1971
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Power , M. E. , Tilman , D. , Estes , J. A. , Menge , B. A. , Bond , W. J. , Mills , L. S. , Daily , G. , Castilla , J. C. , Lubchenco , J. and Paine , R. T. 1996 . Challenges in the quest for keystones . BioScience , 46 : 609 – 620 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quist , M. C. and Hubert , W. A. 2004 . Bioinvasive species and the preservation of cutthroat trout in the western United States: ecological, social, and economic issues . Environmental Science and Policy , 7 : 303 – 313 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quist , M. C. , Guy , C. S. and Stephen , J. L. 2003 . Recruitment dynamics of walleyes (Stizostedion vitreum) in Kansas reservoirs: generalities with natural systems and effects of a centrarchid predator . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 60 : 830 – 839 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quist , M. C. , Hubert , W. A. and Rahel , F. J. 2004 . Relations among habitat characteristics, exotic species, and turbid-river cyprinids in the Missouri River drainage of Wyoming . Transactions of the American Fisheries Society , 133 : 727 – 742 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richter , B. D. , Braun , D. P. , Mendelson , M. A. and Master , L. L. 1997 . Threats to imperiled freshwater fauna . Conservation Biology , 11 : 1081 – 1093 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SAS Institute . 1996 . SAS/STAT user's guide, version 6.11 Cary, North Carolina : SAS Institute, Inc. .
   Google Scholar
• Schlosser , I. J. and Ebel , K. K. 1989 . Effects of flow regime and cyprinid predation on a headwater stream . Ecological Monographs , 59 : 41 – 57 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schoener , T. W. 1987 . “ Axes of controversy in community ecology ” . In Community and evolutionary ecology of North American stream fishes Edited by: Matthews , W. J. and Heins , D. C. 8 – 16 . Norman : University of Oklahoma Press .
   Google Scholar
• Sokal , R. R. and Rohlf , F. J. 1995 . Biometry: the principals and practice of statistics in biological research, , 3rd edition New York : Freeman .
   Google Scholar
• Sumari , O. 1971 . Structure of the perch populations of some ponds in Finland . Annales Zoologici Fennici , 8 : 406 – 421 .
   Google Scholar
• Tonn , W. M. and Magnuson , J. J. 1982 . Patterns in the species composition and richness of fish assemblages in northern Wisconsin lakes . Ecology , 63 : 1149 – 1166 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Deventer , J. A. and Platts , W. S. 1989 . Microcomputer software program for generating population statistics from electrofishing data–user's guide for MicroFish 3.0 , U.S. Forest Service, GTR-INT-254 Washington D.C
   Google Scholar
• Vincent , R. E. and Miller , W. H. 1969 . Altitudinal distribution of brown trout and other fishes in a headwater tributary of the South Platte River, Colorado . Ecology , 50 : 464 – 466 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang , L. and White , R. J. 1994 . Competition between wild brown trout and hatchery greenback cutthroat trout of largely wild parentage . North American Journal of Fisheries Management , 14 : 475 – 487 .
   Google Scholar
• Weigel , D. E. , Peterson , J. T. and Spruell , P. 2003 . Introgressive hybridization between native cutthroat trout and introduced rainbow trout . Ecological Applications , 13 : 38 – 50 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wesche , T. A. 1980 . The WRRI trout cover rating method, development and application , University of Wyoming, Water Resources Research Institute, Water Resources Series No. 78 Laramie
   Google Scholar