272
Views
5
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Reviews

Toward resolving the unsettled role of iron chelation therapy in myelodysplastic syndromes

&

References

  • Greenberg P, Cox C, LeBeau MM, et al. International scoring system for evaluating prognosis in myelodysplastic syndromes. Blood 1997;89(6):2079-88
  • Malcovati L, Germing U, Kuendgen A, et al. Time-dependent prognostic scoring system for predicting survival and leukemic evolution in myelodysplastic syndromes. J Clin Oncol 2007;25(23):3503-10
  • Greenberg PL, Tuechler H, Schanz J, et al. Revised international prognostic scoring system for myelodysplastic syndromes. Blood 2012;120(12):2454-65
  • Olivieri NF, Nathan DG, MacMillan JH, et al. Survival in medically treated patients with homozygous beta-thalassemia. N Engl J Med 1994;331(9):574-8
  • Malcovati L, Porta MG, Pascutto C, et al. Prognostic factors and life expectancy in myelodysplastic syndromes classified according to WHO criteria: a basis for clinical decision making. J Clin Oncol 2005;23(30):7594-603
  • Malcovati L, Della Porta MG, Cazzola M. Predicting survival and leukemic evolution in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. Haematologica 2006;91(12):1588-90
  • Leitch HA, Chan C, Leger CS, et al. Improved survival with iron chelation therapy for red blood cell transfusion dependent lower IPSS risk MDS may be more significant in patients with a non-RARS diagnosis. Leuk Res 2012;36(11):1380-6
  • Rose C, Brechignac S, Vassilief D, et al. Does iron chelation therapy improve survival in regularly transfused lower risk MDS patients? A multicenter study by the GFM (Groupe Francophone des Myelodysplasies). Leuk Res 2010;34(7):864-70
  • Piga A, Longo F, Duca L, et al. High nontransferrin bound iron levels and heart disease in thalassemia major. Am J Hematol 2009;84(1):29-33
  • Andrews NC. Forging a field: the golden age of iron biology. Blood 2008;112(2):219-30
  • Zipperer E, Post JG, Herkert M, et al. Serum hepcidin measured with an improved ELISA correlates with parameters of iron metabolism in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. Ann Hematol 2013;92(12):1617-23
  • Gu S, Song X, Zhao Y, et al. The evaluation of iron overload through hepcidin level and its related factors in myelodysplastic syndromes. Hematology (Am Soc Hematol Educ Program) 2013;18(5):286-94
  • Britton RS, Leicester KL, Bacon BR. Iron toxicity and chelation therapy. Int J Hematol 2002;76(3):219-28
  • Chen J, Lopez JA. Interactions of platelets with subendothelium and endothelium. Microcirculation 2005;12(3):235-46
  • Hellstrom-Lindberg E, Schmidt-Mende J, Forsblom AM, et al. Apoptosis in refractory anaemia with ringed sideroblasts is initiated at the stem cell level and associated with increased activation of caspases. Br J Haematol 2001;112(3):714-26
  • Epling-Burnette PK, List AF. Advancements in the molecular pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndrome. Curr Opin Hematol 2009;16(2):70-6
  • Gabutti V, Piga A. Results of long-term iron-chelating therapy. Acta Haematol 1996;95(1):26-36
  • Nearman ZP, Szpurka H, Serio B, et al. Hemochromatosis-associated gene mutations in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes with refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts. Am J Hematol 2007;82(12):1076-9
  • Varkonyi J, Tarkovacs G, Karadi I, et al. High incidence of hemochromatosis gene mutations in the myelodysplastic syndrome: the Budapest Study on 50 patients. Acta Haematol 2003;109(2):64-7
  • Steensma DP, Viprakasit V, Hendrick A, et al. Deletion of the alpha-globin gene cluster as a cause of acquired alpha-thalassemia in myelodysplastic syndrome. Blood 2004;103(4):1518-20
  • Andrews NC. Disorders of iron metabolism. N Engl J Med 1999;341(26):1986-95
  • Hershko C. Iron loading and its clinical implications. Am J Hematol 2007;82(12 Suppl):1147-8
  • Hershko C, Graham G, Bates GW, Rachmilewitz EA. Non-specific serum iron in thalassaemia: an abnormal serum iron fraction of potential toxicity. Br J Haematol 1978;40(2):255-63
  • Cortelezzi A, Cattaneo C, Cristiani S, et al. Non-transferrin-bound iron in myelodysplastic syndromes: a marker of ineffective erythropoiesis? Hematol J 2000;1(3):153-8
  • Hershko C, Link G, Cabantchik I. Pathophysiology of iron overload. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1998;850:191-201
  • Ghoti H, Fibach E, Merkel D, et al. Changes in parameters of oxidative stress and free iron biomarkers during treatment with deferasirox in iron-overloaded patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. Haematologica 2010;95(8):1433-4
  • Pootrakul P, Breuer W, Sametband M, et al. Labile plasma iron (LPI) as an indicator of chelatable plasma redox activity in iron-overloaded beta-thalassemia/HbE patients treated with an oral chelator. Blood 2004;104(5):1504-10
  • Breuer W, Ermers MJ, Pootrakul P, et al. Desferrioxamine-chelatable iron (DCI), a component of serum non-transferrin-bound iron (NTBI) used for assessing iron chelation therapy. Transfus Sci 2000;23(3):241-2
  • Esposito BP, Breuer W, Sirankapracha P, et al. Labile plasma iron in iron overload: redox activity and susceptibility to chelation. Blood 2003;102(7):2670-7
  • Liu Y, Parkes JG, Templeton DM. Differential accumulation of non-transferrin-bound iron by cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2003;35(5):505-14
  • Link G, Saada A, Pinson A, et al. Mitochondrial respiratory enzymes are a major target of iron toxicity in rat heart cells. J Lab Clin Med 1998;131(5):466-74
  • Chua AC, Olynyk JK, Leedman PJ, Trinder D. Nontransferrin-bound iron uptake by hepatocytes is increased in the Hfe knockout mouse model of hereditary hemochromatosis. Blood 2004;104(5):1519-25
  • Link G, Pinson A, Hershko C. Heart cells in culture: a model of myocardial iron overload and chelation. J Lab Clin Med 1985;106(2):147-53
  • Telfer PT, Prestcott E, Holden S, et al. Hepatic iron concentration combined with long-term monitoring of serum ferritin to predict complications of iron overload in thalassaemia major. Br J Haematol 2000;110(4):971-7
  • Wixom RL, Prutkin L, Munro HN. Hemosiderin: nature, formation, and significance. Int Rev Exp Pathol 1980;22:193-225
  • Santini V, Girelli D, Sanna A, et al. Hepcidin levels and their determinants in different types of myelodysplastic syndromes. PLoS ONE 2011;6(8):e23109
  • Anderson LJ, Wonke B, Prescott E, et al. Comparison of effects of oral deferiprone and subcutaneous desferrioxamine on myocardial iron concentrations and ventricular function in beta-thalassaemia. Lancet 2002;360(9332):516-20
  • Pennell DJ, Berdoukas V, Karagiorga M, et al. Randomized controlled trial of deferiprone or deferoxamine in beta-thalassemia major patients with asymptomatic myocardial siderosis. Blood 2006;107(9):3738-44
  • Pennell DJ, Porter JB, Cappellini MD, et al. Efficacy of deferasirox in reducing and preventing cardiac iron overload in beta-thalassemia. Blood 2010;115(12):2364-71
  • Wood JC, Kang BP, Thompson A, et al. The effect of deferasirox on cardiac iron in thalassemia major: impact of total body iron stores. Blood 2010;116(4):537-43
  • Borgna-Pignatti C, Rugolotto S, De Stefano P, et al. Survival and complications in patients with thalassemia major treated with transfusion and deferoxamine. Haematologica 2004;89(10):1187-93
  • Chan WC, Tejani Z, Budhani F, et al. R2* as a surrogate measure of ferriscan iron quantification in thalassemia. J Magn Reson Imaging 2013. [Epub ahead of print]
  • Takatoku M, Uchiyama T, Okamoto S, et al. Retrospective nationwide survey of Japanese patients with transfusion-dependent MDS and aplastic anemia highlights the negative impact of iron overload on morbidity/mortality. Eur J Haematol 2007;78(6):487-94
  • Schafer AI, Cheron RG, Dluhy R, et al. Clinical consequences of acquired transfusional iron overload in adults. N Engl J Med 1981;304(6):319-24
  • Lu JP, Hayashi K. Selective iron deposition in pancreatic islet B cells of transfusional iron-overloaded autopsy cases. Pathol Int 1994;44(3):194-9
  • Grosse R PC, Schoennagel BP, Janka GE, et al. Pancreatic Iron and Fat Infiltration Are Diabetogenic Risk Factors in Patients with Iron Overload Regine. 55th ASH Annual Meeting and Exposition. New Orleans, LA, USA; 2013
  • Goldberg SL, Chen E, Corral M, et al. Incidence and clinical complications of myelodysplastic syndromes among United States Medicare beneficiaries. J Clin Oncol 2010;28(17):2847-52
  • McQuilten ZK, Polizzotto MN, Wood EM, Sundararajan V. Myelodysplastic syndrome incidence, transfusion dependence, health care use, and complications: an Australian population-based study 1998 to 2008. Transfusion 2013;53(8):1714-21
  • Pascal L, Beyne-Rauzy O, Brechignac S, et al. Cardiac iron overload assessed by T2* magnetic resonance imaging and cardiac function in regularly transfused myelodysplastic syndrome patients. Br J Haematol 2013;162(3):413-15
  • Roy NB, Myerson S, Schuh AH, et al. Cardiac iron overload in transfusion-dependent patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. Br J Haematol 2011;154(4):521-4
  • Konen E, Ghoti H, Goitein O, et al. No evidence for myocardial iron overload in multitransfused patients with myelodysplastic syndrome using cardiac magnetic resonance T2 technique. Am J Hematol 2007;82(11):1013-16
  • Di Tucci AA, Matta G, Deplano S, et al. Myocardial iron overload assessment by T2* magnetic resonance imaging in adult transfusion dependent patients with acquired anemias. Haematologica 2008;93(9):1385-8
  • Chacko J, Pennell DJ, Tanner MA, et al. Myocardial iron loading by magnetic resonance imaging T2* in good prognostic myelodysplastic syndrome patients on long-term blood transfusions. Br J Haematol 2007;138(5):587-93
  • Mavrogeni S. Comparison of myocardial and hepatic iron loading, assessed by MRI T2*, in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes, thalassaemia major and controls. Blood Transfus 2012;10(2):237-40
  • Merkel D, Filanovsky K, Gafter-Gvili A, et al. Predicting infections in high-risk patients with myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukemia treated with azacitidine: a retrospective multicenter study. Am J Hematol 2013;88(2):130-4
  • Toma A, Fenaux P, Dreyfus F, Cordonnier C. Infections in myelodysplastic syndromes. Haematologica 2012;97(10):1459-70
  • Pagano L, Caira M. Risks for infection in patients with myelodysplasia and acute leukemia. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2012;25(6):612-18
  • von Bonsdorff L, Sahlstedt L, Ebeling F, et al. Apotransferrin administration prevents growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis in serum of stem cell transplant patients by binding of free iron. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 2003;37(1):45-51
  • Delea TE, Hagiwara M, Phatak PD. Retrospective study of the association between transfusion frequency and potential complications of iron overload in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and other acquired hematopoietic disorders. Curr Med Res Opin 2009;25(1):139-47
  • Platzbecker U, Hofbauer LC, Ehninger G, Holig K. The clinical, quality of life, and economic consequences of chronic anemia and transfusion support in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. Leuk Res 2012;36(5):525-36
  • Chee CE, Steensma DP, Wu W, et al. Neither serum ferritin nor the number of red blood cell transfusions affect overall survival in refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts. Am J Hematol 2008;83(8):611-13
  • Kontoghiorghe CN, Kolnagou A, Kontoghiorghes GJ. Potential clinical applications of chelating drugs in diseases targeting transferrin-bound iron and other metals. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2013;22(5):591-618
  • Ludwiczek S, Theurl I, Muckenthaler MU, et al. Ca2+ channel blockers reverse iron overload by a new mechanism via divalent metal transporter-1. Nat Med 2007;13(4):448-54
  • Fernandes JL, Sampaio EF, Fertrin K, et al. Amlodipine reduces cardiac iron overload in patients with thalassemia major: a pilot trial. Am J Med 2013;126(9):834-7
  • Borgna-Pignatti C, Cohen A. Evaluation of a new method of administration of the iron chelating agent deferoxamine. J Pediatr 1997;130(1):86-8
  • Porter JB, Rafique R, Srichairatanakool S, et al. Recent insights into interactions of deferoxamine with cellular and plasma iron pools: implications for clinical use. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2005;1054:155-68
  • Brittenham GM, Griffith PM, Nienhuis AW, et al. Efficacy of deferoxamine in preventing complications of iron overload in patients with thalassemia major. N Engl J Med 1994;331(9):567-73
  • Borgna-Pignatti C, Franchini M, Gandini G, et al. Subcutaneous bolus injection of deferoxamine in adult patients affected by onco-hematologic diseases and iron overload. Haematologica 1998;83(9):788-90
  • Franchini M, Gandini G, de Gironcoli M, et al. Safety and efficacy of subcutaneous bolus injection of deferoxamine in adult patients with iron overload. Blood 2000;95(9):2776-9
  • Franchini M, Gandini G, Veneri D, Aprili G. Safety and efficacy of subcutaneous bolus injection of deferoxamine in adult patients with iron overload: an update. Blood 2004;103(2):747-8
  • Abetz L, Baladi JF, Jones P, Rofail D. The impact of iron overload and its treatment on quality of life: results from a literature review. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2006;4:73
  • Payne KA, Desrosiers MP, Caro JJ, et al. Clinical and economic burden of infused iron chelation therapy in the United States. Transfusion 2007;47(10):1820-9
  • Payne KA, Rofail D, Baladi JF, et al. Iron chelation therapy: clinical effectiveness, economic burden and quality of life in patients with iron overload. Adv Ther 2008;25(8):725-42
  • Toliyat T, Jorjani M, Khorasanirad Z. An extended-release formulation of desferrioxamine for subcutaneous administration. Drug Deliv 2009;16(7):416-21
  • Marcus RE, Davies SC, Bantock HM, et al. Desferrioxamine to improve cardiac function in iron-overloaded patients with thalassemia major. Lancet 1984;1(8373):392-3
  • Freeman AP, Giles RW, Berdoukas VA, et al. Early left ventricular dysfunction and chelation therapy in thalassemia major. Ann Intern Med 1983;99(4):450-4
  • Remacha AF, Arrizabalaga B, Del Canizo C, et al. Iron overload and chelation therapy in patients with low-risk myelodysplastic syndromes with transfusion requirements. Ann Hematol 2009;89(2):147-54
  • Kirk P, Roughton M, Porter JB, et al. Cardiac T2* magnetic resonance for prediction of cardiac complications in thalassemia major. Circulation 2009;120(20):1961-8
  • Cohen AR, Galanello R, Piga A, et al. Safety and effectiveness of long-term therapy with the oral iron chelator deferiprone. Blood 2003;102(5):1583-7
  • Cermak J, Jonasova A, Vondrakova J, et al. Efficacy and safety of administration of oral iron chelator deferiprone in patients with early myelodysplastic syndrome. Hemoglobin 2011;35(3):217-27
  • Wu SF, Peng CT, Wu KH, Tsai CH. Liver fibrosis and iron levels during long-term deferiprone treatment of thalassemia major patients. Hemoglobin 2006;30(2):215-18
  • Kersten MJ, Lange R, Smeets ME, et al. Long-term treatment of transfusional iron overload with the oral iron chelator deferiprone (L1): a Dutch multicenter trial. Ann Hematol 1996;73(5):247-52
  • Cermak J. Erythropoietin administration may potentiate mobilization of storage iron in patients on oral iron chelation therapy. Hemoglobin 2006;30(1):105-12
  • Cermak J, Jonasova A, Vondrakova J, et al. A comparative study of deferasirox and deferiprone in the treatment of iron overload in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. Leuk Res 2013;37(12):1612-15
  • Cappellini MD, Porter J, El-Beshlawy A, et al. Tailoring iron chelation by iron intake and serum ferritin: the prospective EPIC study of deferasirox in 1744 patients with transfusion-dependent anemias. Haematologica 2010;95(4):557-66
  • Poggiali E, Cassinerio E, Zanaboni L, Cappellini MD. An update on iron chelation therapy. Blood Transfus 2012;10(4):411-22
  • Deugnier Y, Turlin B, Ropert M, et al. Improvement in liver pathology of patients with beta-thalassemia treated with deferasirox for at least 3 years. Gastroenterology 2011;141(4):1202-11; 11.e1-3
  • Pennell DJ, Porter JB, Cappellini MD, et al. Continued improvement in myocardial T2* over two years of deferasirox therapy in beta-thalassemia major patients with cardiac iron overload. Haematologica 2011;96(1):48-54
  • Nolte F, Hochsmann B, Giagounidis A, et al. Results from a 1-year, open-label, single arm, multi-center trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of oral Deferasirox in patients diagnosed with low and int-1 risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and transfusion-dependent iron overload. Ann Hematol 2013;92(2):191-8
  • Breccia M, Finsinger P, Loglisci G, et al. Deferasirox treatment for myelodysplastic syndromes: ‘real-life’ efficacy and safety in a single-institution patient population. Ann Hematol 2012;91(9):1345-9
  • Ghoti H, Fibach E, Westerman M, et al. Increased serum hepcidin levels during treatment with deferasirox in iron-overloaded patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. Br J Haematol 2011;153(1):118-20
  • List AF, Baer MR, Steensma DP, et al. Deferasirox reduces serum ferritin and labile plasma iron in RBC transfusion-dependent patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. J Clin Oncol 2012;30(17):2134-9
  • Aydinok Y KA, Cappellini MD, El-Beshlawy A, et al. Deferasirox–deferoxamine combination therapy reduces cardiac iron with rapid liver iron removal in patients with severe transfusional iron overload (HYPERION). 55th ASH Annual Meeting and Exposition. New Orleans, LA, USA; 2013
  • Steensma DP. The relevance of iron overload and the appropriateness of iron chelation therapy for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes: a dialogue and debate. Curr Hematol Malig Rep 2011;6(2):136-44
  • Callens C, Coulon S, Naudin J, et al. Targeting iron homeostasis induces cellular differentiation and synergizes with differentiating agents in acute myeloid leukemia. J Exp Med 2010;207(4):731-50
  • Eberhard Y, McDermott SP, Wang X, et al. Chelation of intracellular iron with the antifungal agent ciclopirox olamine induces cell death in leukemia and myeloma cells. Blood 2009;114(14):3064-73
  • Gattermann N, Rachmilewitz EA. Iron overload in MDS-pathophysiology, diagnosis, and complications. Ann Hematol 2011;90(1):1-10
  • Ghoti H, Amer J, Winder A, et al. Oxidative stress in red blood cells, platelets and polymorphonuclear leukocytes from patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. Eur J Haematol 2007;79(6):463-7
  • Jiang Y, Xue ZH, Shen WZ, et al. Desferrioxamine induces leukemic cell differentiation potentially by hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha that augments transcriptional activity of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-alpha. Leukemia 2005;19(7):1239-47
  • Ohyashiki JH, Kobayashi C, Hamamura R, et al. The oral iron chelator deferasirox represses signaling through the mTOR in myeloid leukemia cells by enhancing expression of REDD1. Cancer Sci 2009;100(5):970-7
  • Gattermann N, Finelli C, Porta MD, et al. Deferasirox in iron-overloaded patients with transfusion-dependent myelodysplastic syndromes: results from the large 1-year EPIC study. Leuk Res 2010;34(9):1143-50
  • Porter J, Galanello R, Saglio G, et al. Relative response of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and other transfusion-dependent anaemias to deferasirox (ICL670): a 1-yr prospective study. Eur J Haematol 2008;80(2):168-76
  • Gattermann N. Overview of guidelines on iron chelation therapy in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and transfusional iron overload. Int J Hematol 2008;88(1):24-9
  • Gattermann N, Finelli C, Della Porta M, et al. Hematologic responses to deferasirox therapy in transfusion-dependent patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. Haematologica 2012;97(9):1364-71
  • Molteni A, Riva M, Pellizzari A, et al. Hematological improvement during iron-chelation therapy in myelodysplastic syndromes: the experience of the "Rete Ematologica Lombarda". Leuk Res 2013;37(10):1233-40
  • Guariglia R, Martorelli MC, Villani O, et al. Positive effects on hematopoiesis in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome receiving deferasirox as oral iron chelation therapy: a brief review. Leuk Res 2011;35(5):566-70
  • Pullarkat V, Sehgal A, Li L, et al. Deferasirox exposure induces reactive oxygen species and reduces growth and viability of myelodysplastic hematopoietic progenitors. Leuk Res 2012;36(8):966-73
  • Lee DH, Jang PS, Chung NG, et al. Deferasirox shows in vitro and in vivo antileukemic effects on murine leukemic cell lines regardless of iron status. Exp Hematol 2013;41(6):539-46
  • Dixon SJ, Lemberg KM, Lamprecht MR, et al. Ferroptosis: an iron-dependent form of nonapoptotic cell death. Cell 2012;149(5):1060-72
  • Paubelle E, Zylbersztejn F, Alkhaeir S, et al. Deferasirox and vitamin D improves overall survival in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia after demethylating agents failure. PLoS One 2013;8(6):e65998
  • Raptis A, Duh MS, Wang ST, et al. Treatment of transfusional iron overload in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome or severe anemia: data from multicenter clinical practices. Transfusion 2010;50(1):190-9
  • Komrokji RS, Sekeres MA, List AF. Management of lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes: the art and evidence. Curr Hematol Malig Rep 2011;6(2):145-53
  • Neukirchen J, Fox F, Kundgen A, et al. Improved survival in MDS patients receiving iron chelation therapy - a matched pair analysis of 188 patients from the Dusseldorf MDS registry. Leuk Res 2012;36(8):1067-70
  • Gattermann N. Guidelines on iron chelation therapy in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and transfusional iron overload. Leuk Res 2007;31 (Suppl 3):S10-15
  • Mittelman M, Lugassy G, Merkel D, et al. Iron chelation therapy in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes: consensus conference guidelines. Isr Med Assoc J 2008;10(5):374-6
  • Fernandes JL. Iron chelation therapy in the management of transfusion-related cardiac iron overload. Transfusion 2012;52(10):2256-68
  • Bowen D, Culligan D, Jowitt S, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and therapy of adult myelodysplastic syndromes. Br J Haematol 2003;120(2):187-200
  • Alessandrino EP, Amadori S, Barosi G, et al. Evidence- and consensus-based practice guidelines for the therapy of primary myelodysplastic syndromes. A statement from the Italian Society of Hematology. Haematologica 2002;87(12):1286-306
  • Giagounidis A, Leto di Priolo S, Ille S, Fenaux P. A European survey on the detection and management of iron overload in transfusion-dependent patients with MDS. Ann Hematol 2011;90(6):667-73
  • Malcovati L, Hellstrom-Lindberg E, Bowen D, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of primary myelodysplastic syndromes in adults: recommendations from the European LeukemiaNet. Blood 2013;122(17):2943-64
  • Alessandrino EP, Della Porta MG, Bacigalupo A, et al. Prognostic impact of pre-transplantation transfusion history and secondary iron overload in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation: a GITMO study. Haematologica 2010;95(3):476-84
  • Alessandrino EP, Della Porta MG, Bacigalupo A, et al. WHO classification and WPSS predict posttransplantation outcome in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome: a study from the Gruppo Italiano Trapianto di Midollo Osseo (GITMO). Blood 2008;112(3):895-902
  • Lim ZY, Fiaccadori V, Gandhi S, et al. Impact of pre-transplant serum ferritin on outcomes of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes or secondary acute myeloid leukaemia receiving reduced intensity conditioning allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Leuk Res 2010;34(6):723-7
  • Mahindra A, Bolwell B, Sobecks R, et al. Elevated pretransplant ferritin is associated with a lower incidence of chronic graft-versus-host disease and inferior survival after myeloablative allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Br J Haematol 2009;146(3):310-16
  • Kataoka K, Nannya Y, Hangaishi A, et al. Influence of pretransplantation serum ferritin on nonrelapse mortality after myeloablative and nonmyeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2009;15(2):195-204
  • Wermke M, Schmidt A, Middeke JM, et al. MRI-based liver iron content predicts for nonrelapse mortality in MDS and AML patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Clin Cancer Res 2012;18(23):6460-8
  • Armand P, Kim HT, Rhodes J, et al. Iron overload in patients with acute leukemia or MDS undergoing myeloablative stem cell transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2011;17(6):852-60
  • Armand P, Sainvil MM, Kim HT, et al. Pre-transplantation iron chelation in patients with MDS or acute leukemia and iron overload undergoing myeloablative allo-SCT. Bone Marrow Transplant 2013;48(1):146-7
  • Armand P, Kim HT, Cutler CS, et al. Prognostic impact of elevated pretransplantation serum ferritin in patients undergoing myeloablative stem cell transplantation. Blood 2007;109(10):4586-8
  • Armand P, Sainvil MM, Kim HT, et al. Does iron overload really matter in stem cell transplantation? Am J Hematol 2012;87(6):569-72
  • Platzbecker U, Bornhauser M, Germing U, et al. Red blood cell transfusion dependence and outcome after allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in patients with de novo myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2008;14(11):1217-25
  • Tachibana T, Tanaka M, Takasaki H, et al. Pretransplant serum ferritin is associated with bloodstream infections within 100 days of allogeneic stem cell transplantation for myeloid malignancies. Int J Hematol 2010;93(3):368-74
  • Kontoyiannis DP, Chamilos G, Lewis RE, et al. Increased bone marrow iron stores is an independent risk factor for invasive aspergillosis in patients with high-risk hematologic malignancies and recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Cancer 2007;110(6):1303-6
  • Altes A, Remacha AF, Sarda P, et al. Frequent severe liver iron overload after stem cell transplantation and its possible association with invasive aspergillosis. Bone Marrow Transplant 2004;34(6):505-9
  • Storey JA, Connor RF, Lewis ZT, et al. The transplant iron score as a predictor of stem cell transplant survival. J Hematol Oncol 2009;2:44
  • Pullarkat V. Iron overload in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Adv Hematol 2010;2010:12pages
  • Alessandrino EP, Angelucci E, Cazzola M, et al. Iron overload and iron chelation therapy in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome treated by allogeneic stem-cell transplantation: report from the working conference on iron chelation of the Gruppo Italiano Trapianto di Midollo Osseo. Am J Hematol 2011;86(10):897-902
  • Rizzo JD, Wingard JR, Tichelli A, et al. Recommended screening and preventive practices for long-term survivors after hematopoietic cell transplantation: joint recommendations of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, and the American Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2006;12(2):138-51
  • Bennett JM. Consensus statement on iron overload in myelodysplastic syndromes. Am J Hematol 2008;83(11):858-61
  • Wells RA, Leber B, Buckstein R, et al. Iron overload in myelodysplastic syndromes: a Canadian consensus guideline. Leuk Res 2008;32(9):1338-53
  • de Witte T. Iron chelators in myelodysplastic syndrome: to lower ferritin levels or to improve survival? Leuk Res 2013;37(12):1605
  • Michallet M SM, Morisset S, Labussiere H, et al. Significant impact of iron chelation after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation on disease recurrence: potential anti-leukemic activity. 55th ASH Annual Meeting and Exposition. New Orleans, LA, USA; 2013

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.