Hexaplex PCR for rapid detection of virulence factors

References

• Colwell RR, Kaper JB, Joseph SW Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio patahaemolyticusand other vibrios: occurrence and distribution in Chesapeake Bay. Science 198,394–396 (1977).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Islam MS, Drasar BS, Sack RB. The aquatic flora and fauna as reservoir of Vibrio cholerae: a review. J. Diarrh. Dis. Res. 12,87-96 (1994).
   Google Scholar
• Kaper JB, Morris JG Jr, Levine MM. Cholera. Microbial. Rev. 8,48–86 (1995).
   Google Scholar
• Sanyal SC, Huq MI, Neogy PKB, Alam K, Kabir MI, Rahman ASMH. Vibrio mimicus as an etiologic agent of diarrhea and its pathogenesis. Indian' Med. .11/licrobioll, 1–12 (1983).
   Google Scholar
• Norris HT Cholera. In: The Pathology of Cholera. Barua D, Burrows W (Eds), WB Saunders Co., PA, USA, 160–168 (1974).
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. Meeting on the potential role of new cholera vaccine in the prevention and control of cholera outbreaks during acute emergencies. Document CDR/GPV/95.1. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland (1995).
   Google Scholar
• Rabbani GH, Greenough WB. Cholera. In: Textbook of Secretory Diarrhea. Lebenthal E, Duffey M (Eds), Raven Press, NY, USA, 233–253 (1990).
   Google Scholar
• Herrington DA, Hall RII, Losonsky G, Mekalanos JJ, Taylor RK, Levine MM. Toxin, toxin-coregulated pili and ToxR regulation are essential for Vibrio cholerae pathogenesis in humans. J. Exp. Med. 168, 1487–1492 (1988).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faruque SM, Albert MJ, Mekalanos JJ. Epidemiology, genetics and ecology of toxigenic Vibro cholerae. Nlicrobiol. Mal Biol. Rev 62,1301–1314 (1998).
   Google Scholar
• Sakazaki R. Bacteriology of Vibrio and related organisms. In: Cholera Barua D, Greenough WB (Eds), Plenum Medical Book Company, NY, USA, 37–55 (1992). tiAlbert MJ, Islam D, Nahar S, Qadri F, Falklind S, Weintraub A. Rapid detection of Vibrio cholerae 0139 Bengal from stool specimens by PCR. j Clin. Nlicrobiol. 35, 1633–1635 (1997).
   Google Scholar
• •Developed a PCR method for detection of 0139 Vibrio cholerae.
   Google Scholar
• Hoshino K, Yamasald S, Mukhopadhyay AK etal Development and evaluation of a multiplex PCR assay for rapid detection of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae 01 and 0139. FEMS Immunol Med. Mcrobiol 20, 201–207 (1998).
   Google Scholar
• •Developed a multiplex PCR method for detection of V c,holerae 01, 0139 and cholera toxin.
   Google Scholar
• Fields PI, Popovic T, Wachsmuth K, Olsvik 0. Use of polymerase chain reaction for detection of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae strains from Latin American cholera epidemic. J. Clin. Mcrobiol 30, 2118–2121 (1992).
   Google Scholar
• •Describes PCR method for detection of cholera toxin in stool specimens.
   Google Scholar
• Shirai H, Nishibuchi M, Ramamurthy T, Bhattacharya SK, Pal SC, Takeda Y. Polymerase chain reaction of the cholera enterotoxin operon of Vibrio cholerae. Clin. Mcrobiol 29,2517–2521 (1991).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• •Describes PCR method for detection of cholera toxin in stool specimens.
   Google Scholar
• Chowdhury MAR, Hill RT, Colwell RR. A gene for the enterotoxin zonula occludens toxin is present in Vibrio IlliffliCUS and Vibrio cholerae 0139. FEMS Nlicrobiol. Lett. 119,377-380 (1994).
   Google Scholar
• •Describes PCR method for detection of zonula occludens toxin.
   Google Scholar
• Colombo MM, Mastrandrea S, Leite F eta]. Tracking of clinical and environmental Vibrio cholerae 01 strains by combined analysis of the presence of toxin cassette, plasmid content and ERIC-PCR. FEMS Immunol Med Mcrobiol 19,33–45 (1997).
   Google Scholar
• Shi L, Miyoshi S, Hiura K, Tomochika K, Shimada T, Shinoda S. Detection of genes encoding cholera toxin (CT), zonula occludens toxin (ZOT), accessory cholera enterotoxin (ACE) and heat-stable enterotoxin (ST) in Vibrio IlliffliCTIS clinical strains. .11/licrobiol. Immunol 42,823–838 (1998).
   Google Scholar
• •Describes PCR method for detection of accessory cholera enterotoxin.
   Google Scholar
• Rivera ING, Chun J, Huq A, Sack RB, Colwell RR. Genotype associated with virulence in environmental isolates of Vibrio cholerae. Appl. Environ. Microbial 67,2421–2429 (2001).
   Google Scholar
• •Describes multiplex PCR method for detection of the cholera enterotoxin gene (ctx.,4), zonula occludens toxin (zo), accessory cholera enterotoxin (ace), toxin-coregulated pilus colonization factor (ttpA), outer membrane protein MmpL4 and toxRin Vibrio cholerae.
   Google Scholar
• Singh DV, Matte MH, Matte GR etal Molecular analysis of Vibrio cholerae 01, 0139, non-01 and non-0139 strains: relationships between clinical and environmental isolates. Appl Environ. Mcrobiol 67,910–921 (2001).
   Google Scholar
• •Describes multiplex PCR method for detection of ctxA, zot, ace, ttpA, ompUand toxRin V cholerae.
   Google Scholar
• Keasler SP, Hall RII. Detecting and biotyping Vibrio cholerae 01 with multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Lancet341, 1661 (1993).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• •Describes multiplex PCR method for detection of ctxA and ttpA in V cholerae.
   Google Scholar
• Nandi B, Nandi RK, Mukhopadhyay S, Nair GB, Shimada T, Ghose AC. Rapid detection of species-specific identification of Vibrio cholerae with primers targeted to the gene of outer membrane protein ompU. j Clin. Nlicrobiol 38,4145–4151 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• •Describes multiplex PCR method for detection of ompUand ctxA in V cholerae.
   Google Scholar
• Singh DV, Isac SR, Colwell RR. Development of a hexaplex PCR assay for rapid detection of virulence and regulatory genes in Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio mimicus. Clin. Nlicrobiol. 40,4321–4324 (2002).
   Google Scholar
• ••Describes for the first time the use ofhexaplex PCR for detection of six virulence genes in one reaction tube using pure bacterial culture.
   Google Scholar
• Miyagi K, Sano K, Morita C etal. An improved method for detecting faecal Vibrio cholerae by PCR of the toxin A gene. I Med. Nlicrobiol 48,883–889 (1999).
   Google Scholar
• Rivera IN, Lipp EK, Gil A, Choopun N, Huq A, Colwell RR. Method of DNA extraction and application of multiplex polymerase chain reaction to detect toxigenic Vibrio cholerae 01 and 0139 from aquatic ecosystems. Envimn. Mcrobiol 5,599–606 (2003).
   Google Scholar
• Lipp EK, Rivera IN, Gil A etal Direct detection of Vibrio cholerae and ctxA in Peruvian coastal water and plankton by PCR. Appl. Environ. Mcrobiol 69, 3676–3680 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lyon WJ. TaqMan PCR for detection of Vibrio cholerae 01, 0139, non-01 and non-0139 in pure cultures, raw oyster and synthetic seawaters. Appl Environ. Mcrobiol 67,4685–4693 (2001).
   Google Scholar
• Kong RYC, Lee SKY, Law TVVF, Law SHW, Wu RSS. Rapid detection of six types of bacterial pathogen in marine water by multiplex PCR. Water Res. 36, 2802–2812 (2002).
   Google Scholar
• •Describes detection of six enteric pathogens from marine samples using multiplex PCR. Affiliation
   Google Scholar