References
- Edlin M. Consumer-directed healthcare. Healthplan 43(2), 12–17, 2002.
- Woellert L. Soon we'll all be paying more for drugs. Business Week, New York, USA May 6, (2002).
- Kaufman D, Kelly J, Rosenberg L, Anderson T, Mitchell A. Recent patterns of medication use in the ambulatory adult population of the United States. JAMA 287,3,337-344 6.0.
- Hewitt Associates. Survey Findings: Healthcare Expenditures: Future Strategy and Direction 2002. Hewitt Associates, Lincolnshire, IL, USA (2002).
- Kaiser/HRET Survey of Employer-Sponsored Health Benefits: 2001. Kaiser Family Foundation, Menlo Park, CA, USA (2002).
- Novartis Pharmacy Benefit Report: Facts and Figures 2001. Emron, Wayne, NJ, USA (2002).
- Kaiser Family Foundation. Prescription Drug Ii-ends: a Chartbook Update. Kaiser Family Foundation, Menlo Park, CA, USA (2001).
- •Showcase article on the generic drug market.
- National Institute for Healthcare Management Research and Education Foundation. A Primer: Generic Drugs, Patents and the Pharmaceutical Marketplace. National Institute for Healthcare Management, Washington, DC, USA (2002).
- National Institute for Healthcare Management Research and Education Foundation. Prescription Drug Expenditures in 2001: Another year of Escalating Costs. National Institute for Healthcare Management, Washington, DC, USA (2002).
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- •Showcase article on the impact of a switch from two- to three-tier.
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- ••One of the most extensive reviews of incentive pricing, or reference pricing.
- Lopez-Casnovas G, Puig-Janoy J. Review of the Literature on Reference Pricing. Health Policy (2000). Working Paper Ref 362, Research Center on Health and Economics, Departament d'Economia i Empresa, Universitet Pompeu Fabra. www.econ.upfes/deehome/what/wpapers/ postscripts/362.pdf
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- •Showcase article for the impact of insurance on drug prices.
- Pavcnik N. Do pharmaceutical prices respond to insurance? National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper 7865 (2000).
- •Classic article on the negative effects of caps.
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- ••One of the most up-to-date discussions ofdefined contribution plans.
- Christianson J, Parente S, Taylor R. Defined-contribution health insurance products: development and prospects. Health Affairs 21(1), 49–64 (2002).
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- Appleby J. New Health Plans Turn Patients into Shoppers. USA Today 1/16/2002.
- Cohn L. Giving Power to the Patient. Business Week. New York, USA May 6, 2002.
- •Showcase article on how to define health benefits to avoid adverse selection.
- Encinosa W, Selden T. Designing employer health benefits for heterogeneous workforces: risk adjustment and its alternatives. Inquiry 38, 270–279 (2001).
- •Showcase article on benefit-based copays.
- Fendrick A, Smith D, Chernew M, Shah S. A benefit-based copay for prescription drugs: patient contribution based on total benefits, not drug acquisition cost. Am. J. Managed Care 7, 861–867 (2001).
- •Showcase article on bonus- versus cost-sharing.
- Chernew M, Encinosa W, Hirth R. Optimal health insurance: the case of multiple treatment options. J. Health Econ. 19, 585–609 (2000).
- ••One of the best overviews of the PBMindustry.
- Lipton H, Kreling D, Collins T, Hertz K. Pharmacy benefit management companies: dimensions of performance. Ann. Rev Public Health 20,361–401 (1999).
- Martinez B. Medco finds ties that bind- contract with Merck compels pharmacy-benefits manager to push parent company's drugs. The Wall Street Journal. May 15 (2002).
- Zimmerman A, Armstrong D. Drug Prices- Why They Keep Soaring-Swallow This: How Drug Makers Use Pharmacies to Push Pricey Pills. The Wall Street Journal. May 5 (2001).
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- Forrester Research, Inc. Personalized Medicine. The Forrester Report, August (2000).
Website
- Newhouse J. Drug Procurement in Traditional Medicare. www.kaisernetwork.org/health_cast/ uploaded_files/Newhouse_Presentation.pdf (2000).