28
Views
18
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Current and future antithrombotic agents in children

Pages 523-534 | Published online: 10 Jan 2014

References

  • Hoppe C, Matsunaga A. Pediatric thrombosis. Pediatr. Clin. North. Am. 49(6), 1257–1283 (2002). •• An excellent general review.
  • Nowak-Gottl U, Kosch A, Schlegel N. Thromboembolism in newborns, infants and children. Thromb. Haemost 86(1), 464–474 (2001).
  • •An excellent general review.
  • Richardson MW Allen GA, Monahan PE. Thrombosis in children: current perspective and distinct challenges. Thromb. Haemost 88(6), 900–911 (2002).
  • •• An excellent general review.
  • Andrew M, Michelson AD, Bovill E, Leaker M, Massicotte MP Guidelines for antithrombotic therapy in pediatric patients. J. Pediatr. 132(4), 575–588 (1998).
  • •• Dosing guidelines for heparin, low-molecular-weight heparin and warfarin.
  • Andrew M. Developmental hemostasis: relevance to thromboembolic complications in pediatric patients. Thromb. Haemost 74(1), 415–425 (1995).
  • ••A required review of differences between adult and pediatric coagulation protein levels.
  • Hirsh J, Raschke R, Warkentin TE, Dalen JE, Deykin D, Poller L. Heparin: mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, dosing considerations, monitoring, efficacy and safety. Chest 108\(Suppl. 4), S258—S275 (1995).
  • ••Outstanding review of heparin.
  • Vieira A, Berry L, Ofosu F, Andrew M. Heparin sensitivity and resistance in the neonate: an explanation. Thromb. Res. 63(1), 85–98 (1991).
  • Streif W, Andrew M, Marzinotto V et al. Analysis of warfarin therapy in pediatric patients: a prospective cohort study of 319 patients. Blood 94(9), 3007–3014 (1999).
  • Heit JA. The potential role of direct thrombin inhibitors in the prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism. Chest 124\(Suppl. 3), S40—S48 (2003).
  • Hirsh J. Current anticoagulant therapy — unmet clinical needs. Thromb. Res. 109\(Suppl. 1), S1—S8 (2003).
  • ••A forward-looking article onnovel anticoagulants.
  • Michelson AD, Bovill E, Monagle P, Andrew M. Antithrombotic therapy in children.Chest 114\(Suppl. 5), S748—S769 (1998).
  • Andrew M, Schmidt B. Use of heparin in newborn infants. Semin. Thromb. Hemost 14(1), 28–32 (1988).
  • Sutor AH, Massicotte P, Leaker M, Andrew M. Heparin therapy in pediatric patients. Semin. Thromb. Hemost. 23(3), 303–319 (1997).
  • •An evaluation of the pitfalls of heparin therapy in children.
  • Severin T, Sutor AH. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in pediatrics. Semin. Thromb. Hemost. 27(3), 293–299 (2001).
  • Hirsh J, Levine MN. Low-molecular-weight heparin. Blood 79(1), 1–17 (1992).
  • ••Outstanding review of low-molecular-weight heparin.
  • Samama MM, Gerotziafas GT. Comparative pharmacokinetics of LMWHs. Semin. Thromb. Hemost. 26(Suppl. 1), 31–38 (2000).
  • Massicotte P, Julian JA, Marzinotto V et al Dose-finding and pharmacokinetic profiles of prophylactic doses of a low molecular weight heparin (reviparin-sodium) in pediatric patients. Thromb. Res. 109(2–3), 93–99 (2003).
  • Massicotte P, Adams M, Marzinotto V, Brooker LA, Andrew M. Low-molecular-weight heparin in pediatric patients with thrombotic disease: a dose finding study. J Pediatr. 128(3), 313–318 (1996).
  • Punzalan RC, Hillery CA, Montgomery RR, Scott CA, Gill JC. Low-molecular-weight heparin in thrombotic disease in children and adolescents. J. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 22(2), 137–142 (2000).
  • Albisetti M, Andrew M. Low-molecular- weight heparin in children. Eur J. Pediatr 161(2), 71–77 (2002).
  • Bang CJ, Berstad A, Talstad I. Incomplete reversal of enoxaparin-induced bleeding by protamine sulfate. Haemostasis 21(3), 155–160 (1991).
  • Wolzt M, Weltermann A, Nieszpaur-Los M et al Studies on the neutralizing effects of protamine on unfractionated and low-molecular-weight heparin (Fragmin) at the site of activation of the coagulation system in man. Thromb. Haemost. 73(3), 439443(1995).
  • McCusker PJ, Seifert BW, Israels SJ. Intermittent, intravenous (IV) enoxaparin use for treatment of venous thromboembolic disease (VTE) in premature neonates: a case series. Blood 102(Suppl. 1), (2003) (Abstract).
  • Massicotte MR Low-molecular-weight heparin therapy in children. J. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 22(2), 98–99 (2000).
  • Massicotte P, Julian JA, Marzinotto V et al Dose-finding and pharmacokinetic profiles of prophylactic doses of a low molecular weight heparin (reviparin-sodium) in pediatric patients. Thromb. Res. 109(2–3), 93–99 (2003).
  • Nohe N, Flemmer A, Rumler R, Praun M, Auberger K The low-molecular-weight heparin dalteparin for prophylaxis and therapy of thrombosis in childhood: a report on 48 cases. Eur J Pediatr 158\(Suppl. 3), S134—S139 (1999).
  • Andrew M, Marzinotto V, Brooker LA et al. Oral anticoagulation therapy in pediatric patients: a prospective study. Thromb. Haemost. 71(3), 265–269 (1994).
  • Woods A, Vargas J, Berri G, Kreutzer G, Meschengieser S, Lazzari MA. Antithrombotic therapy in children and adolescents. Thromb. Res. 42(3), 289–301 (1986).
  • Gunther T, Mazzitelli D, Schreiber C et al. Mitral-valve replacement in children under 6 years of age. Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg. 17(4), 426–430 (2000).
  • Wermes C, Bergmann F, Reller B, Sykora KW. Severe protein C deficiency and aseptic osteonecrosis of the hip joint: a case report. Eur. J. Pediatr. 158\(Suppl. 3), S159—S161 (1999).
  • Hirsh J. Oral anticoagulant drugs. N Engl. J. Med. 324(26), 1865–1875 (1991).
  • Massicotte P, Marzinotto V, Vegh P, Adams M, Andrew M. Home monitoring of warfarin therapy in children with a whole blood prothrombin time monitor. J. Pediatr. 127(3), 389–394 (1995).
  • Kaplan KL. Direct thrombin inhibitors. Expert Opin. Pharmacother. 4(5), 653–666 (2003).
  • •Introduction to this important new class of anticoagulants.
  • Hafner G, Roser M, Nauck M. Methods for the monitoring of direct thrombin inhibitors. Semin. Thromb. Hemost. 28(5), 425–430 (2002).
  • Deitcher SR, Topoulos AP, Bartholomew JR, Kichuk-Chrisant MR. Lepirudin anticoagulation for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. J. Pediatr. 140(2), 264–266 (2002).
  • Cetta F, Graham LC, Wrona LL, Arruda MJ, Walenga JM. Argatroban use during pediatric interventional cardiac catheterization. Catheter. Cardiovasc. Interv. 61(1), 147–149 (2004).
  • Kawada T, Kitagawa H, Hoson M, Okada Y, Shiomura J. Clinical application of argatroban as an alternative anticoagulant for extracorporeal circulation. Hematol Oncol Clin. North. Am.14(2), 445–457 (2000).
  • Severin T, Zieger B, Sutor AH. Anticoagulation with recombinant hirudin and danaparoid sodium in pediatric patients. Semin. Thromb. Hemost. 28(5), 447–454 (2002).
  • Bates SM, Weitz JI. The mechanism of action of thormbin inhibitors. J. Inv.Cardiol 12(Suppl. F), 1–12 (2000).
  • Deitcher SR, Topoulos AP, Bartholomew JR, Kichuk-Chrisant MR. Lepirudin anticoagulation for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. J. Pediatr. 140(2), 264–266 (2002).
  • Young G, Yonekawa KE, Nakagawa, P, Nugent DJ. Argatroban as an alternative to heparin in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation circuits. Perfusion (In Press) (2004).
  • Eichler P, Friesen HJ, Lubenow N, Jaeger B, Greinacher A. Antihirudin antibodies in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia treated with lepirudin: incidence, effects on aPTT and clinical relevance. Blood 96(7), 2373–2378 (2000).
  • Walenga JM, Ahmad S, Hoppensteadt D, Iqbal 0, Hursting MJ, Lewis BE. Argatroban therapy does not generate antibodies that alter its anticoagulant activity in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Thromb. Res. 105(5), 401–405 (2002).
  • Panicker N, Liedel JL, Kahana MD. Argatroban for anticoagulation in children with heparin-induced platelet antibodies. Pediatr. Blood Cancer 42(6), 507 (2004).
  • Boshkov LK, Dower N, Kirby A, Ibsen L, Shen I, Ungerleider R. Argatroban for neonates/young children with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT): infusion, catheterization, ECMO, cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and hemodialysis (HD). Blood 102\(Suppl. 1), (2003).
  • Lubenow N, Greinacher A. Hirudin in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Semin. Thromb. Hemost. 28(5), 431–438 (2002).
  • Hrebickova L, Nawarskas JJ, Anderson JR. Ximelagatran: a new oral anticoagulant. Heart Dis. 5(6) 397–408 (2003).
  • Bauer KA. New pentasaccharides for prophylaxis of deep-vein thrombosis: pharmacology. Chest 124\(Suppl. 6), S364—S370 (2003).
  • Young G, Nugent DJ. Use of argatrobanm and fondaparinux in a child with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Pediatr. Blood Cancer 42(6), 507 (2004).
  • Koopman MM, Buller HR. Short- and long-acting synthetic pentasaccharides. J. Intern. Med. 254(4), 335–342 (2003).
  • Galan AM, Tonda R, Altisent C, Maragll S, Ordinas A, Escolar G. Recombinant Factor VIIa (Novoseven) restores deficiency coagulation: experience from an ex vivo model. Semin. Hematol 38(Suppl. 12), 10–14 (2001).
  • Elg M, Carlsson S, Gustafsson D. Effect of activated prothrombin complex concentrate or recombinant Factor VIIa on the bleeding time and thrombus formation during anticoagulation with a direct thrombin inhibitor. Thromb. Res. 101, 145–157 (2002).
  • Bijsterveld NR, Moons AH, Boekholdt M et al. Ability of Factor VIIa to reverse the anticoagulant effect of the pentasaccharide fondaparinux in healthy volunteers. Circulation 102,2550–2554 (2002).
  • Bijsterveld NR, Vink R, van Aken BE et al. Recombinant Factor Vila reverses the anticoagulant effect of the long-acting pentasaccharide idraparinux in healthy volunteers. Br. J. Haematol 124(5), 653–658 (2004).
  • Chan S, Kong M, Minning DM, Hedner U, Marder VJ. Assessment of recombinant Factor VIIa as an antidote for bleeding induced in the rabbit by low molecular weight heparin. J. Thromb. Haemost. 1(4), 760–765 (2003).
  • Mahlerbe S, Tsui BC, Stobart K, Koller J. Argatroban as an anticoagulant in cardiopulmonary bypass in an infant and attempted reversal with recombinant activated Factor VII. Anesthesiology 100(2), 443–445 (2004).

Websites

  • The Hemophilia and Thrombosis Research Society www.htrs.org (Accessed June 2004)

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.