Perindopril/indapamide combination in the first-line treatment of hypertension and end-organ protection

References

• Kearny PM, Whelton M, Reynolds K et al. Global burden of hypertension: analysis of worldwide data. Lancet365, 217–223 (2005).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR et al. Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and treatment of High Blood Pressure. Hypertension42, 1206–1252 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• 2003 European Society of Hypertension – European Society of Cardiology guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. J. Hypertension21, 1011–1053 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO-ISH Guidelines Subcommittee. 1999 WHO-ISH Guidelines for the management of mild hypertension. J. Hypertension17, 151–183 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joint National Committee on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. The sixth report of the Joint National Committee on Detection, Evaluation and, Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC-VI). Arch. Intern. Med.157, 2413–2446 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dahlöf B, Devereux RB, Kjeldsen SE et al. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction in hypertension study (LIFE): a randomised trial against atenolol. Lancet359, 995–1003 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hansson L, Zanchetti A, Carruthers SG et al. Effects of intensive blood-pressure lowering and low-dose aspirin in patients with hypertension: principal results of the Hypertension Optimal Treatment (HOT) randomized trial. Lancet351, 1755–1762 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dahlöf B, Hansson L, Lindholm LH et al. SwedishTrial in Old Patients with Hypertension (STOP-Hypertension) analyses performed up to 1992. Clin. Exp. Hypertension15, 925–939 (1993).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis EJ, Hunsicker LG, Clarke WR et al. Renoprotective effect of the angiotensin-receptor antagonist irbesartan in patients with nephropathy due to Type-2 diabetes (IDNT). N. Engl. J. Med.345, 851–860 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brenner BM, Cooper ME, de Zeeuw D et al. Effects of losartan on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with Type-2 diabetes and nephropathy (RENAAL). N. Engl. J. Med.345, 861–869 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UKPDS Group. Tight blood pressure control and risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in Type-2 diabetes. UKPDS 38. Br. Med. J.317, 703–713 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weber MA, Julius ST, Kjeldsen SE et al. Blood pressure dependent and independent effects on antihypertensive treatment on clinical events in the VALUE Trial. Lancet363, 2047–2049 (2004).
   Google Scholar
• Hurst M, Jarvis B. Perindopril: an updated review of its use in hypertension. Drugs61(6), 867–896 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaffman M, Heel RC, Brogden RN et al. Indapamide: a review of its pharmacodynamic properties and therapeutic efficacy in hypertension. Drugs28, 189–235 (1984).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McClellan KJ, Markham A. Perindopril 2 mg/ indapamide 0.625 mg: fixed low-dose combination. Drugs58, 297–302 (1999).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Richard V, Joannides R, Henry J-P et al. Fixed dose combination of perindopril with indapamide in spontaneously hypertensive rats: hemodynamic, biological and structural effects. J. Hypertension14, 1447–1454 (1996).
   Google Scholar
• Hayakawa H, Cofee K, Raji L. Endothelial dysfunction and cardiorenal injury in experimental salt-sensitive hypertension: effects of antihypertensive therapy. Circulation96, 2407–2413 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levy BI, Duriez M, Samuel JL. Coronary microvasculature alteration in hypertensive rats. Effect of treatment with a diuretic and an ACE inhibitor. Am. J. Hypertension14, 7–13 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rakusan K, Cicutti N, Maurin A et al. The effect of treatment with ACE Inhibitor and/or diuretic on coronary microvasculature in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Microcirc. Res.59, 243–254 (2000).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Renaud IM, Chainey A, Belair MF et al. Long-term protection of obese Zucker rat kidneys from fibrosis and renal failure with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/diuretic combination. Fundam. Clin. Pharmacol.18, 437–447 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doucet J, Richard V, Hogie M et al. Renal effects of the combined treatment with low doses of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor perindopril and the diuretic/vasodialtor indapamide in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Fundam. Clin. Pharmacol.10, 186 (1996).
   Google Scholar
• Lachaud-Petiti V, Lachau-Durand S, Duvauchelle T, Pennaforte S, Guez D. Bioequivalence study of combination of indapamide and perindopril administered as one tablet or two capsules after oral single dose. Am. J. Hypertension8(4), 181A (1995).
   Google Scholar
• Safar M. Determination of the optimal oral dose of indapamide (0.625, 1.25 or 2.5 mg) in combination with perindopril 4 mg, for 8 weeks in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. A randomised, double blind, parallel group study versus perindopril 4 mg and versus indapamide 1.25 mg. Servier Internal Report (1996).
   Google Scholar
• Laveille C, Jochemsen R. A population pharmacokinetics analysis of an oral fixed combination perindopril 4 mg/indapamide 1.25 mg in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. Servier Internal Report (1996).
   Google Scholar
• Laveille C, Lachaud-Petiti V, Guez D, Jochemsen R. Pharmacocinetique de population chez l’insuffisant rénal hypertendu: évaluation de l’assocaition perindopril/ indapamide. Arch. Mal. Coeur. Vaiss.53, 89HS (1996).
   Google Scholar
• Meyrier A, Dratwa M, Sennesael J, Lachaud-Pettiti V. Fixed low-dose perindopril-indapamide combination in hypertensive patients with chronic renal failure. Am. J. Hypertension11, 1087–1092 (1998).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Forette B. Twelve weeks non controlled study of fixed combination of perindopril 2 mg/ indapamide 0.625 mg in elderly hypertensive patients with pharmacokinetic population approach. J. Hum. Hypertension13, 211–213 (1999).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schiavi P, Piraube C, Lachau-Durand S et al. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of the potential interaction between perindopril and indapamide at steady state after once daily administration. Am. J. Hypertension7, 56A (1994).
   Google Scholar
• Safar M, Zanchetti A, Sever PS et al. Perindopril and indapamide as a combination in the treatment of mild to moderate hypertension: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled European multicenter study. Am. J. Hypertension7, 42A–43A (1994).
   Google Scholar
• Myers MG, Asmar R, Leenen FHH, Safar M. Fixed low-dose combination therapy in hypertension – a dose response study of perindopril and indapamide. J. Hypertension18, 317–325 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laurent S. Very low-dose combination of perindopril and indapamide: efficacy on blood pressure and target organ damage. J. Hypertension21(3), 11–18 (2003).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castaigne A, Chalmers J, Morgan T, Chastang C, Feldmann L, Guez D. Efficacy and safety of an oral fixed low-dose perindopril 2 mg/indapamide 0.625 mg combination: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in elderly patients with mild to moderate hypertension. Clin. Exp. Hypertension21(7), 1097–1110 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chalmers J, Castaigne A, Morgan T, Chastang C. Long-term efficacy of a new, fixed, very-low-dose angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitor/diuretic combination as first-line therapy in elderly hypertensive patients. J. Hypertension18, 327–337 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asmar RG, London GM, O’Rourke ME, Safar M Improvement in blood pressure arterial stiffness and wave reflections with a very-low-dose perindopril/indapamide combination in hypertensive patients: a comparison with atenolol. Hypertension38, 922–926 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chanudet X, de Champvallins M. Antihypertensive efficacy and tolerability of the low-dose perindopril – indapamide combination compared with losartan in the treatment of essential hypertension. Int. J. Clin. Pract.55, 233–239 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgan T, Anderson A. Low-dose combination therapy with perindopril and indapamide compared with irbesartan. Clin. Drug. Invest.22, 553–560 (2002).
   Google Scholar
• Dahlöf B, Gosse P, Guéret P et al. Perindopril/indapamide combination more effective than enalapril in reducing blood pressure and left ventricular mass: the PICXEL study. J. Hypertension23, 2063–2070 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Franklin SS, Larson MG, Khan SA et al. Does the relation of blood pressure to coronary heart disease risk change with aging? The Framingham Heart Study. Circulation103, 1245–1249 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laurent S, Boutouyrie P, Asmar R et al. Aortic stiffness is an independent predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hypertensive patients. Hypertension37, 1236–1241 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amar J, Ruidavets JB, Peyrieux JC et al, on behalf of the investigators of the REASON trial. Comparison of a low-dose combination of perindopril/indapamide versus atenolol in the lowering of C-reactive protein (CRP) levels along with pulse pressure (PP) reduction. Hypertension46, 151–155 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mourad JJ, Waeber B, Zannad F et al. Comparison of different therapeutic strategies in hypertension: a low-dose combination of perindopril/indapamide versus a sequential monotherapy or a stepped-care approach. J. Hypertension22, 2379–2386 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mourad JJ, Waeber B, Zannad F et al. Efficacy of a first-line low-dose ACEI/diuretic combination therapy (PRETERAX) in stage II hypertensive patients. J. Hypertension23(2), S113 (2005).
   Google Scholar
• Fleischmann EH, Schmieder R. Are all antihypertensive drug classes equal in reducing left-ventricular hypertrophy? Curr. Cardiol. Rep.4, 474–478 (2002).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Maschio G, Marcantoni C, Bernich P. Lessons from large interventional trials on antihypertensive therapy in chronic renal disease. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant.17(11), 47–49 (2002).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• De Luca N, Mallion JM, O’Rourke MF et al. Regression of left ventricular mass in hypertensive patients treated with perindopril/indapamide as a first-line combination. The REASON echocardiography study Am. J. Hypertension17, 660–667 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wingard DL, Barrett-Connor E. Heart disease and diabetes. In: Diabetes in America. National Diabetes Data Group (Ed.). NIH publishers, Washington DC, USA. US Govt Printing Office, n° 95–1468, 429–448 (1995).
   Google Scholar
• Stamler J, Dyer AR, Shekelle RB. Relationship of baseline major risk factors to coronary and all-cause mortality, and to longevity: findings from long-term follow-up of Chicago cohorts. Cardiology82, 191–222 (1993).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UKPDS Group. Tight blood pressure control and risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in Type-2 diabetes. UKPDS 38. Br. Med. J.317, 703–713 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tuomilehto J, Rastenyte D, Birkenhager WH et al. for the Systolic Hypertension in Europe Trial Investigators. Effects of calcium channel blockers in older patients with diabetes and systolic hypertension (Syst-Eur). N. Engl. J. Med.340, 677–684 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• British Hypertension Society guidelines for hypertension management 2004 (BHS-IV). Br. Med. J.328, 634–640 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Diabetes Association. Position Statement: hypertension management in adults with diabetes. Diabetes Care27(1), S650150S67 (2004).
   Google Scholar
• Dinneen SF, Gerstein HC. The association of microalbuminuria and mortality in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. A systematic overview of the literature. Arch. Intern. Med.157, 1413–1418 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mogensen CE, Viberti G, Halimi S et al. Effect of low-dose perindopril/indapamide on albuminuria in diabetes (PREMIER). Hypertension41, 1063–1071 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The ADVANCE Collaborative Group. Rationale and design of the ADVANCE study: a randomised trial of blood pressure lowering and intensive glucose control in high-risk individuals with Type-2 diabetes mellitus. J. Hypertension19(4), S21–S28 (2001).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Patel A, Joshi R, Colman S, Chalmers J, Neal B, MacMahon S. Effects of low dose perindopril-indapamide combination on blood pressure in Type-2 diabetes: the ADVANCE trial run-in phase. J. Hypertension23(2), S212. (2005) (Abstract P2. 234).
   Google Scholar
• Camici P, Gropler RJ, Jones T et al. The impact of myocardial blood flow quantitation with PET on the understanding of cardiac disease. Eur. Heart J.17, 25–34 (1996).
   Google Scholar
• Mourad JJ, Hanon O, Deverre JR et al. Improvement of impaired coronary vasodilator reserve in hypertensive patients by low-dose ACE inhibitor/diuretic therapy: a pilot PET study. J. Renin. Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst.4(2), 94–5 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Comprehensive safety summary. European Registration. Data on file.
   Google Scholar
• Lindholm L, Ejlertsson G, Schersten B. High risk of cerebrocardiovascular morbidity in well-treated male hypertensives: a retrospective study of 40–59-year-old hypertensives in a Swedish primary care district. Acta Med. Scand.216, 251–259 (1984).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Isles CG, Walker LM, Beevers GD et al. Mortality in patients of the Glasgow Blood Pressure Clinic. J. Hypertension4, 141–156 (1986).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PROGRESS Collaborative Group: Randomised trial of a perindopril based blood pressure loweing regimen amomg 6105 individuals with previous stroke or transient ischemic attack (corr. Published Lancet358, 1556 (2001) and Lancet359, 2120 (2002) Lancet358, 1033–1041 (2001).
   Google Scholar
• Strippoli GFM, Craig M, Deeks JJ, Schena FP, Craig JC. Effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists on mortality and renal outcomes in diabetic nephropathy: systemic review. Br. Med. J.329, 1–12 (2004).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Epstein BJ, Gums JG. Angiotensin receptor blockers versus ACE inhibitors: prevention of death and myocardial infarction in high-risk populations. Ann. Pharmacother.39, 470–80 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dahlöf B, Sever PS, Poulter NR et al; (ASCOT Investigators). Prevention of cardiovascular events with an antihypertensive regimen of amlodipine adding perindopril as required versus atenolol adding bendroflumethiazide as required, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial-Blood Pressure Lowering Arm (ASCOT-BPLA): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet366(9489), 895–906 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group. Major outcomes in high risk hypertensive patients randomised to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or calcium channel blocker verus diuretic. The Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT). JAMA288, 2981–2997 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar