The emerging link between nutrition, inflammation and atherosclerosis

References

• Libby P, Ridker PM, Maseri A. Inflammation and atherosclerosis. Circulation105, 1135–1143 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kesteloot H. Alcohol intake and markers of inflammation. Eur. Heart J.25, 2075–2076 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ridker PM, Buring JE, Cook NR, Rifai N. C-reactive protein, the metabolic syndrome, and risk of incident cardiovascular events: an 8-year follow-up of 14719 initially healthy American women. Circulation107, 391–397 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ridker PM, Cannon CP, Morrow D et al. C-reactive protein levels and outcomes after statin therapy. N. Engl. J. Med.352, 20–28 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nissen SE, Tuzcu EM, Schoenhagen P et al. Statin therapy, LDL cholesterol, C-reactive protein, and coronary artery disease. N. Engl. J. Med.352, 29–38 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Albert MA, Danielson E, Rifai N, Ridker PM; for the PRINCE Investigators. Effect of statin therapy on C-reactive protein levels – the Pravastatin Inflammation/CRP Evaluation (PRINCE): a randomized trial and cohort study. JAMA286, 64–70 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chrysohoou C, Panagiotakos DB, Pitsavos C, Das UN, Stefanadis C. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet attenuates inflammation and coagulation process in healthy adults: the ATTICA Study. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol.44, 152–158 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gao X, Bermudez OI, Tucker KL. Plasma C-reactive protein and homocysteine concentrations are related to frequent fruit and vegetable intake in Hispanic and non-Hispanic white elders. J. Nutr.134, 913–918 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jula A, Marniemi J, Huupponen R, Virtanen A, Rastas M, Rönnemaa T. Effects of diet and simvastatin on serum lipids, insulin, and antioxidants in hypercholesterolemic men: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA287, 598–605 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kris-Etherton PM, Lichtenstein AH, Howard BV, Steinberg D, Witztum JL. Antioxidant vitamin supplements and cardiovascular disease. Circulation110, 637–641 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esposito K, Marfella R, Ciotola M et al. Effect of a mediterranean-style diet on endothelial dysfunction and markers of vascular inflammation in the metabolic syndrome: a randomized trial. JAMA 292, 1440–1446 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nantel G. Glycemic carbohydrate: an international perspective. Nutr. Rev. 61, S34–S39 (2003).
   Google Scholar
• Granfeldt Y, Bjorck I, Hagander B. On the importance of processing conditions, product thickness and egg addition for the glycaemic and hormonal responses to pasta: a comparison with bread made from ‘pasta ingredients.’ Eur. J. Clin. Nutr.45, 489–499 (1991).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pereira MA, Swain J, Goldfine AB, Rifai N, Ludwig DS. Effects of a low-glycemic load diet on resting energy expenditure and heart disease risk factors during weight loss. JAMA292, 2482–2490 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esposito K, Nappo F, Marfella R et al. Inflammatory cytokine concentrations are acutely increased by hyperglycemia in humans: role of oxidative stress. Circulation106, 2067–2077 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pawlak DB, Kushner JA, Ludwig DS. Effects of dietary glycaemic index on adiposity, glucose homoeostasis, and plasma lipids in animals. Lancet364, 778–785 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pereira MA, O’Reilly E, Augustsson K et al. Dietary fiber and risk of coronary heart disease: a pooled analysis of cohort studies. Arch. Intern. Med.164, 370–376 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• King DE, Egan BM, Geesey ME. Relation of dietary fat and fiber to elevation of C-reactive protein. Am. J. Cardiol.92, 1335–1339 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Albert MA, Glynn RJ, Ridker PM. Alcohol consumption and plasma concentration of C-reactive protein. Circulation107, 443–447 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imhof A, Froelich M, Brenner H, Boeing H, Pepys MB, Koenig W. Effect of alcohol consumption on systemic markers of inflammation. Lancet357, 763–767 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Volpato S, Pahor M, Ferrucci L et al. Relationship of alcohol intake with inflammatory markers and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in well-functioning older adults: the Health, Aging, and Body Composition study. Circulation109, 607–612 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imhof A, Woodward M, Doering A et al. Overall alcohol intake, beer, wine, and systemic markers of inflammation in western Europe: results from three MONICA samples (Augsburg, Glasgow, Lille). Eur. Heart J.25, 2092–2100 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Gaag MS, van Tol A, Vermunt SH, Scheek LM, Schaafsma G, Hendriks HF. Alcohol consumption stimulates early steps in reverse cholesterol transport. J. Lipid Res.42, 2077–2083 (2001).
   Google Scholar
• Goldberg IJ, Mosca L, Piano MR, Fisher EA. Wine and your heart – a science advisory for healthcare professionals from the Nutrition Committee, Council on Epidemiology and Prevention, and Council on Cardiovascular Nursing of the American Heart Association. Circulation103, 472–475 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Retterstol L, Berge KE, Braaten O, Eikvar L, Pedersen TR, Sandvik L. A daily glass of red wine: does it affect markers of inflammation? Alcohol40, 102–105 (2005).
   Google Scholar
• Williams MJ, Sutherland WH, Whelan AP, McCormick MP, de Jong SA. Acute effect of drinking red and white wines on circulating levels of inflammation-sensitive molecules in men with coronary artery disease. Metabolism53, 318–323 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teragawa H, Fukuda Y, Matsuda K et al. Effect of alcohol consumption on endothelial function in men with coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis165, 145–152 (2002).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zureik M, Gariepy J, Courbon D et al. Alcohol consumption and carotid artery structure in older French adults: the Three-City Study. Stroke35, 2770–2775 (2004).
   Google Scholar
• Facchini F, Chen YD, Reaven GM. Light-to-moderate alcohol intake is associated with enhanced insulin sensitivity. Diabetes Care17, 115–119 (1994).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laaksonen DE, Nyyssonen K, Niskanen L, Rissanen TH, Salonen JT. Prediction of cardiovascular mortality in middle-aged men by dietary and serum linoleic and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Arch. Intern. Med.165, 193–199 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howard BV, Van Horn L, Hsia J et al. Low-fat dietary pattern and risk of cardiovascular disease: the Women’s Health Initiative randomized controlled Dietary Modification Trial. JAMA295, 655–666 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zock PL, Katan MB. Trans fatty acids, lipoproteins, and coronary risk. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol.75, 211–216 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mozaffarian D, Pischon T, Hankinson SE et al. Dietary intake of trans fatty acids and systemic inflammation in women. Am. J. Clin. Nutr.79, 606–612 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lopez-Garcia E, Schulze MB, Meigs JB et al. Consumption of trans fatty acids is related to plasma biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. J. Nutr.135, 562–566 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baer DJ, Judd JT, Clevidence BA, Tracy RP. Dietary fatty acids affect plasma markers of inflammation in healthy men fed controlled diets: a randomized crossover study. Am. J. Clin. Nutr.79, 969–973 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keogh JB, Grieger JA, Noakes M, Clifton PM. Flow-mediated dilatation is impaired by a high-saturated fat diet but not by a high-carbohydrate diet. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol.25, 1274–1279 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Roos NM, Bots ML, Katan MB. Replacement of dietary saturated fatty acids by trans fatty acids lowers serum HDL cholesterol and impairs endothelial function in healthy men and women. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol.21, 1233–1237 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin J, Yang R, Tarr PT et al. Hyperlipidemic effects of dietary saturated fats mediated through PGC-1β coactivation of SREBP. Cell120, 261–273 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daviglus ML, Stamler J, Orencia AJ et al. Fish consumption and the 30-year risk of fatal myocardial infarction. N. Engl. J. Med.336, 1046–1053 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang C, Chung M, Lichtenstein A et al. Effects of omega-3 fatty acids on cardiovascular disease – summary, evidence report/technology assessment. Evid. Rep. Technol. Assess.94, 1–8 (2004).
   Google Scholar
• GISSI-Prevenzione Investigators. Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E after myocardial infarction: results of the GISSI-Prevenzione trial. Lancet354, 447–455 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marchioli R, Barzi F, Bomba E et al. Early protection against sudden death by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids after myocardial infarction: time-course analysis of the results of the Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto Miocardico (GISSI)-Prevenzione. Circulation105, 1897–1903 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kratz M, Gulbahce E, von Eckardstein A et al. Dietary mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids similarly affect LDL size in healthy men and women. J. Nutr.132, 715–718 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vega-Lopez S, Kaul N, Devaraj S, Cai RY, German B, Jialal I. Supplementation with ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and all-rac α-tocopherol alone and in combination failed to exert an anti-inflammatory effect in human volunteers. Metabolism53, 236–240 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao G, Etherton TD, Martin KR, West SG, Gillies PJ, Kris-Etherton PM. Dietary α-linolenic acid reduces inflammatory and lipid cardiovascular risk factors in hypercholesterolemic men and women. J. Nutr.134, 2991–2997 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goode GK, Garcia S, Heagerty AM. Dietary supplementation with marine fish oil improves in vitro small artery endothelial function in hypercholesterolemic patients: a double-blind placebo-controlled study. Circulation96, 2802–2807 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Lorgeril M, Salen P, Guiraud A, Zeghichi S, Boucher F, de Leiris J. Lipid-lowering drugs and essential omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids in patients with coronary heart disease. Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis.15, 36–41 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Risè P, Pazzucconi F, Sirtori CR, Galli C. Statins enhance arachidonic acid synthesis in hypercholesterolemic patients. Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis.11, 88–94 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Albert CM, Gaziano JM, Willett WC, Manson JE. Nut consumption and decreased risk of sudden cardiac death in the Physicians' Health Study. Arch. Intern. Med.162, 1382–1387 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ros E, Nunez I, Perez-Heras A et al. A walnut diet improves endothelial function in hypercholesterolemic subjects: a randomized crossover trial. Circulation109, 1609–1614 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jenkins DJ, Kendall CW, Marchie A et al. Effects of a dietary portfolio of cholesterol-lowering foods vs lovastatin on serum lipids and C-reactive protein. JAMA290, 502–510 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jenkins DJ, Kendall CW, Marchie A et al. Direct comparison of a dietary portfolio of cholesterol-lowering foods with a statin in hypercholesterolemic participants. Am. J. Clin. Nutr.81, 380–387 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jenkins DJ, Kendall CW, Marchie A et al. Direct comparison of dietary portfolio vs statin on C-reactive protein. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr.59, 851–860 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jenkins DJ, Kendall CW, Faulkner DA et al. Assessment of the longer-term effects of a dietary portfolio of cholesterol-lowering foods in hypercholesterolemia. Am. J. Clin. Nutr.83, 582–591 (2006).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heilbronn LK, Noakes M, Clifton PM. Energy restriction and weight loss on very-low-fat diets reduce C-reactive protein concentrations in obese, healthy women. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol.21, 968–970 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lamarche B, Desroches S, Archer WR et al. C-reactive protein levels predict the lipid and lipoprotein response to dietary interventions. Presented at the 2nd International Symposium on Triglycerides and HDL – role in cardiovascular disease and the metabolic syndrome, New York, NY, USA (2005).
   Google Scholar
• Williams PT, Blanche PJ, Rawlings R, Krauss RM. Concordant lipoprotein and weight responses to dietary fat change in identical twins with divergent exercise levels. Am. J. Clin. Nutr.82, 181–187 (2005).
   Google Scholar
• Levantesi G, Macchia A, Marfisi R et al. Metabolic syndrome and risk of cardiovascular events after myocardial infarction. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol.46, 277–283 (2005).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore LL, Visioni AJ, Qureshi MM, Bradlee ML, Ellison RC, D’Agostino R. Weight loss in overweight adults and the long-term risk of hypertension: the Framingham study. Arch. Intern. Med.165, 1298–1303 (2005).
   Google Scholar
• Corton JC, Apte U, Anderson SP et al. Mimetics of caloric restriction include agonists of lipid-activated nuclear receptors. J. Biol. Chem.279, 46204–46212 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taggart AK, Kero J, Gan X et al. (D)-β-hydroxybutyrate inhibits adipocyte lipolysis via the nicotinic acid receptor PUMA-G. J. Biol. Chem.280, 26649–26652 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar