405
Views
39
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Pregnancy and adult congenital heart disease

&
Pages 859-869 | Published online: 10 Jan 2014

References

  • Steer PJ, Gatzoulis MA, Baker ON. Heart Disease and Pregnancy. RCOG, London, UK (2006).
  • Robson SC, Hunter S, Boys RJ, Dunlop W. Serial study of factors influencing changes in cardiac output during human pregnancy. Am. J. Physiol.256(4 Pt 2), H1060–H1065 (1989).
  • Hunter S, Robson SC. Adaptation of the maternal heart in pregnancy. Br. Heart J.68(6), 540–543 (1992).
  • Whittaker PG, Macphail S, Lind T. Serial hematologic changes and pregnancy outcome. Obstet. Gynecol.88(1), 33–39 (1996).
  • Mabie WC, DiSessa TG, Crocker LG, Sibai BM, Arheart KL. A longitudinal study of cardiac output in normal human pregnancy. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.170(3), 849–856 (1994).
  • Kametas NA, McAuliffe F, Hancock J, Chambers J, Nicolaides KH. Maternal left ventricular mass and diastolic function during pregnancy. Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol.18(5), 460–466 (2001).
  • Robson SC, Dunlop W, Boys RJ, Hunter S. Cardiac output during labour. Br. Med. J. (Clin. Res. Ed.)295(6607), 1169–1172 (1987).
  • Robson SC, Hunter S, Moore M, Dunlop W. Haemodynamic changes during the puerperium: a Doppler and M-mode echocardiographic study. Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol.94(11), 1028–1039 (1987).
  • Capeless EL, Clapp JF. When do cardiovascular parameters return to their preconception values? Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.165(4 Pt 1), 883–886 (1991).
  • Brenner B. Haemostatic changes in pregnancy. Thromb. Res.114(5–6), 409–414 (2004).
  • Greer IA. Thrombosis in pregnancy: maternal and fetal issues. Lancet353(9160), 1258–1265 (1999).
  • Cerneca F, Ricci G, Simeone R et al. Coagulation and fibrinolysis changes in normal pregnancy. Increased levels of procoagulants and reduced levels of inhibitors during pregnancy induce a hypercoagulable state, combined with a reactive fibrinolysis. Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol.73(1), 31–36 (1997).
  • Walker MC, Garner PR, Keely EJ, Rock GA, Reis MD. Changes in activated protein C resistance during normal pregnancy. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.177(1), 162–169 (1997).
  • Coolman M, de Groot CJ, Steegers EA et al. Concentrations of plasminogen activators and their inhibitors in blood preconceptionally, during and after pregnancy. Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol.128(1–2), 22–28 (2006).
  • Uchikova EH, Ledjev II. Changes in haemostasis during normal pregnancy. Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol.119(2), 185–188 (2005).
  • Ulusoy RE, Demiralp E, Kirilmaz A et al. Aortic elastic properties in young pregnant women. Heart Vessels21(1), 38–41 (2006).
  • Edouard DA, Pannier BM, London GM, Cuche JL, Safar ME. Venous and arterial behavior during normal pregnancy. Am. J. Physiol.274(5 Pt 2), H1605–H1612 (1998).
  • Bernstein IM, Thibault A, Mongeon JA, Badger GJ. The influence of pregnancy on arterial compliance. Obstet. Gynecol.105(3), 621–625 (2005).
  • Menon R, Fortunato SJ. The role of matrix degrading enzymes and apoptosis in rupture of membranes. J. Soc. Gynecol. Investig.11(7), 427–437 (2004).
  • Khairy P, Ouyang DW, Fernandes SM et al. Pregnancy outcomes in women with congenital heart disease. Circulation113(4), 517–524 (2006).
  • Siu SC, Sermer M, Colman JM et al. Prospective multicenter study of pregnancy outcomes in women with heart disease. Circulation104(5), 515–521 (2001).
  • Siu SC, Sermer M, Harrison DA et al. Risk and predictors for pregnancy-related complications in women with heart disease. Circulation96(9), 2789–2794 (1997).
  • Bonow RO, Carabello BA, Kanu C et al. ACC/AHA 2006 guidelines for the management of patients with valvular heart disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (writing committee to revise the 1998 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease): developed in collaboration with the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists: endorsed by the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Circulation114(5), e84–e231 (2006).
  • Drenthen W, Pieper PG, Roos-Hesselink JW et al. Outcome of pregnancy in women with congenital heart disease: a literature review. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol.49(24), 2303–2311 (2007).
  • Walsh EP, Cecchin F. Arrhythmias in adult patients with congenital heart disease. Circulation115(4), 534–545 (2007).
  • Berlinerblau R, Yessian A, Lichstein E et al. Maternal arrhythmias of normal labor and delivery. Gynecol. Obstet. Invest.52(2), 128–131 (2001).
  • Niwa K, Tateno S, Akagi T et al. Arrhythmia and reduced heart rate variability during pregnancy in women with congenital heart disease and previous reparative surgery. Int. J. Cardiol. (2007) (Epub ahead of print).
  • Shotan A, Ostrzega E, Mehra A, Johnson JV, Elkayam U. Incidence of arrhythmias in normal pregnancy and relation to palpitations, dizziness, and syncope. Am. J. Cardiol.79(8), 1061–1064 (1997).
  • Silversides CK, Harris L, Haberer K et al. Recurrence rates of arrhythmias during pregnancy in women with previous tachyarrhythmia and impact on fetal and neonatal outcomes. Am. J. Cardiol.97(8), 1206–1212 (2006).
  • Elvan-Taspinar A, Franx A, Bots ML, Bruinse HW, Koomans HA. Central hemodynamics of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. Am. J. Hypertens.17(10), 941–946 (2004).
  • Aardenburg R, Spaanderman ME, van Eijndhoven HW, de Leeuw PW, Peeters LL. A low plasma volume in formerly preeclamptic women predisposes to the recurrence of hypertensive complications in the next pregnancy. J. Soc. Gynecol. Investig.13(8), 598–603 (2006).
  • Lampinen KH, Ronnback M, Kaaja RJ, Groop PH. Impaired vascular dilatation in women with a history of pre-eclampsia. J. Hypertens.24(4), 751–756 (2006).
  • Duvekot JJ, Cheriex EC, Pieters FA et al. Maternal volume homeostasis in early pregnancy in relation to fetal growth restriction. Obstet. Gynecol.85(3), 361–367 (1995).
  • Espinoza J, Romero R, Nien JK et al. Identification of patients at risk for early onset and/or severe preeclampsia with the use of uterine artery Doppler velocimetry and placental growth factor. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.196(4), 326.e321–326.e313 (2007).
  • Myers JE, Hart S, Armstrong S et al. Evidence for multiple circulating factors in preeclampsia. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.196(3), e261–e266 (2007).
  • Harrington K, Goldfrad C, Carpenter RG, Campbell S. Transvaginal uterine and umbilical artery Doppler examination of 12–16 weeks and the subsequent development of pre-eclampsia and intrauterine growth retardation. Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol.9(2), 94–100 (1997).
  • Bamfo JE, Kametas NA, Turan O, Khaw A, Nicolaides KH. Maternal cardiac function in fetal growth restriction. BJOG113(7), 784–791 (2006).
  • Aardema MW, Oosterhof H, Timmer A, van Rooy I, Aarnoudse JG. Uterine artery Doppler flow and uteroplacental vascular pathology in normal pregnancies and pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia and small for gestational age fetuses. Placenta22(5), 405–411 (2001).
  • Papageorghiou AT, Roberts N. Uterine artery Doppler screening for adverse pregnancy outcome. Curr. Opin. Obstet. Gynecol.17(6), 584–590 (2005).
  • Burn J, Brennan P, Little J et al. Recurrence risks in offspring of adults with major heart defects: results from first cohort of British collaborative study. Lancet351(9099), 311–316 (1998).
  • Gill HK, Splitt M, Sharland GK, Simpson JM. Patterns of recurrence of congenital heart disease: an analysis of 6640 consecutive pregnancies evaluated by detailed fetal echocardiography. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol.42(5), 923–929 (2003).
  • Caputo S, Capozzi G, Russo MG et al. Familial recurrence of congenital heart disease in patients with ostium secundum atrial septal defect. Eur. Heart J.26(20), 2179–2184 (2005).
  • Presbitero P, Boccuzzi GG, de Groot CJM, Roos-Hesselink JW. Pregnancy and heart disease. In: The ESC Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. Camm AJ, Lüscher TF, Serruys PW (Eds.) Blackwell publishing, Oxford, UK 607–624 (2006).
  • Presbitero P, Somerville J, Stone S et al. Pregnancy in cyanotic congenital heart disease. Outcome of mother and fetus. Circulation89(6), 2673–2676 (1994).
  • Avila WS, Grinberg M, Snitcowsky R et al. Maternal and fetal outcome in pregnant women with Eisenmenger’s syndrome. Eur. Heart J.16(4), 460–464 (1995).
  • European Society of Cardiology. Expert consensus document on management of cardiovascular diseases during pregnancy. Eur. Heart J.24(8), 761–781 (2003).
  • Veldtman GR, Connolly HM, Grogan M, Ammash NM, Warnes CA. Outcomes of pregnancy in women with tetralogy of Fallot. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol.44(1), 174–180 (2004).
  • Drenthen W, Pieper PG, van der Tuuk K et al. Cardiac complications relating to pregnancy and recurrence of disease in the offspring of women with atrioventricular septal defects. Eur. Heart. J.26(23), 2581–2587 (2005).
  • Guedes A, Mercier LA, Leduc L et al. Impact of pregnancy on the systemic right ventricle after a Mustard operation for transposition of the great arteries. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol.44(2), 433–437 (2004).
  • Drenthen W, Pieper PG, Ploeg M et al. Risk of complications during pregnancy after Senning or Mustard (atrial) repair of complete transposition of the great arteries. Eur. Heart J.26(23), 2588–2595 (2005).
  • Clarkson PM, Wilson NJ, Neutze JM et al. Outcome of pregnancy after the Mustard operation for transposition of the great arteries with intact ventricular septum. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol.24(1), 190–193 (1994).
  • Ploeg M, Drenthen W, van Dijk A, Pieper PG. Successful pregnancy after an arterial switch procedure for complete transposition of the great arteries. Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol.113(2), 243–244 (2006).
  • Connolly HM, Grogan M, Warnes CA. Pregnancy among women with congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol.33(6), 1692–1695 (1999).
  • Hameed A, Karaalp IS, Tummala PP et al. The effect of valvular heart disease on maternal and fetal outcome of pregnancy. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol.37(3), 893–899 (2001).
  • Lesniak-Sobelga A, Tracz W, KostKiewicz M, Podolec P, Pasowicz M. Clinical and echocardiographic assessment of pregnant women with valvular heart diseases--maternal and fetal outcome. Int. J. Cardiol.94(1), 15–23 (2004).
  • Silversides CK, Colman JM, Sermer M, Farine D, Siu SC. Early and intermediate-term outcomes of pregnancy with congenital aortic stenosis. Am. J. Cardiol.91(11), 1386–1389 (2003).
  • Drenthen W, Pieper PG, Roos-Hesselink JW et al. Non-cardiac complications during pregnancy in women with isolated congenital pulmonary valvar stenosis. Heart92(12), 1838–1843 (2006).
  • Meijboom LJ, Drenthen W, Pieper PG et al. Obstetric complications in Marfan syndrome. Int. J. Cardiol.110(1), 53–59 (2006).
  • Beauchesne LM, Connolly HM, Ammash NM, Warnes CA. Coarctation of the aorta: outcome of pregnancy. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol.38(6), 1728–1733 (2001).
  • Elkayam U, Bitar F. Valvular heart disease and pregnancy: part II: prosthetic valves. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol.46(3), 403–410 (2005).
  • El SF, Hassan W, Latroche B et al. Pregnancy has no effect on the rate of structural deterioration of bioprosthetic valves: long-term 18-year follow up results. J. Heart Valve Dis.14(4), 481–485 (2005).
  • Mihaljevic T, Paul S, Leacche M et al. Valve replacement in women of childbearing age: influences on mother, fetus and neonate. J. Heart Valve Dis.14(2), 151–157 (2005).
  • Sadler L, McCowan L, White H et al. Pregnancy outcomes and cardiac complications in women with mechanical, bioprosthetic and homograft valves. Br.J. Obstet. Gynaecol.107(2), 245–253 (2000).
  • CLASP: a randomised trial of low-dose aspirin for the prevention and treatment of pre-eclampsia among 9364 pregnant women. CLASP (Collaborative Low-dose Aspirin Study in Pregnancy) Collaborative Group. Lancet343(8898), 619–629 (1994).
  • Elkayam U, Singh H, Irani A, Akhter MW. Anticoagulation in pregnant women with prosthetic heart valves. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. Ther.9(2), 107–115 (2004).
  • James AH, Brancazio LR, Gehrig TR, Wang A, Ortel TL. Low-molecular-weight heparin for thromboprophylaxis in pregnant women with mechanical heart valves. J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med.19(9), 543–549 (2006).
  • Hirsh J, Fuster V, Ansell J, Halperin JL. American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Foundation guide to warfarin therapy. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol.41(9), 1633–1652 (2003).
  • Chan WS, Anand S, Ginsberg JS. Anticoagulation of pregnant women with mechanical heart valves: a systematic review of the literature. Arch. Intern. Med.160(2), 191–196 (2000).
  • Vitale N, De Feo M, De Santo LS et al. Dose-dependent fetal complications of warfarin in pregnant women with mechanical heart valves. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol.33(6), 1637–1641 (1999).
  • Bates SM, Greer IA, Hirsh J, Ginsberg JS. Use of antithrombotic agents during pregnancy: the Seventh ACCP Conference on Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy. Chest126(Suppl. 3), S627–S644 (2004).
  • Roos-Hesselink JW, Meijboom FJ, Leebeek FW, de Groot CJ. Pregnancy and the mechanical prosthetic valve: dilemmas about the choice of antithrombotic prophylaxis. Ned. Tijdschr. Geneeskd.151(7), 389–394 (2007).
  • Montan S. Drugs used in hypertensive diseases in pregnancy. Curr. Opin. Obstet. Gynecol.16(2), 111–115 (2004).
  • Cooper WO, Hernandez-Diaz S, Arbogast PG et al. Major congenital malformations after first-trimester exposure to ACE inhibitors. N. Engl. J. Med.354(23), 2443–2451 (2006).
  • Alwan S, Polifka JE, Friedman JM. Angiotensin II receptor antagonist treatment during pregnancy. Birth Defects Res. Part A Clin. Mol. Teratol.73(2), 123–130 (2005).
  • Vigil-De Gracia P, Lasso M, Ruiz E et al. Severe hypertension in pregnancy: hydralazine or labetalol. A randomized clinical trial. Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol.128(1–2), 157–162 (2006).
  • Joglar JA, Page RL. Antiarrhythmic drugs in pregnancy. Curr. Opin. Cardiol.16(1), 40–45 (2001).
  • Ferrero S, Colombo BM, Ragni N. Maternal arrhythmias during pregnancy. Arch. Gynecol. Obstet.269(4), 244–253 (2004).
  • Trappe HJ. Acute therapy of maternal and fetal arrhythmias during pregnancy. J. Intensive Care Med.21(5), 305–315 (2006).
  • Damilakis J, Theocharopoulos N, Perisinakis K et al. Conceptus radiation dose and risk from cardiac catheter ablation procedures. Circulation104(8), 893–897 (2001).
  • Esteves CA, Munoz JS, Braga S et al. Immediate and long-term follow-up of percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty in pregnant patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis. Am. J. Cardiol.98(6), 812–816 (2006).
  • Yap SC, de Jaegere PP, Ligthart JM, Serruys PW, Roos-Hesselink JW. Percutaneous triple-valve balloon valvulotomy in a pregnant woman using intracardiac echocardiography: case report. J. Heart Valve Dis.15(3), 459–464 (2006).
  • Arnoni RT, Arnoni AS, Bonini RC et al. Risk factors associated with cardiac surgery during pregnancy. Ann. Thorac. Surg.76(5), 1605–1608 (2003).

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.