The influence of a sustained multifaceted approach to improve antibiotic prescribing in Slovenia during the past decade: findings and implications

References

• Kesselheim AS, Outterson K. Fighting antibiotic resistance: marrying new financial incentives to meeting public health goals. Health Aff (Millwood) 2010;29(9):1689-96
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hughes JM. Preserving the lifesaving power of antimicrobial agents. JAMA 2011;305(10):1027-8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Davey P, Brown E, Charani E, et al. Interventions to improve antibiotic prescribing practices for hospital inpatients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013;4:Cd003543
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabuncu E, David J, Bernede-Bauduin C, et al. Significant reduction of antibiotic use in the community after a nationwide campaign in France, 2002-2007. PLoS Med 2009;6(6):e1000084
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huttner B, Goossens H, Verheij T, Harbarth S. Characteristics and outcomes of public campaigns aimed at improving the use of antibiotics in outpatients in high-income countries. Lancet Infect Dis 2010;10(1):17-31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ganguly NK, Arora NK, Chandy SJ, et al. Rationalizing antibiotic use to limit antibiotic resistance in India. Indian J Med Res 2011;134:281-94
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WeMeReC Bulletin. Appropriate antibiotic use – whose responsibility? Available from: www.wemerec.org/Documents/Bulletins/AntibioBulletin2012Online.pdfNovember
   Google Scholar
• Laxminarayan R, Duse A, Wattal C, et al. Antibiotic resistance-the need for global solutions. Lancet Infect Dis 2013;13(12):1057-98
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heddini A, Cars O, Qiang S, Tomson G. Antibiotic resistance in China–a major future challenge. Lancet 2009;373(9657):30
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• World Health Organisation. WHO global strategy for containment of antimicrobial resistance. 2001. Available from: www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/drugresist/en/EGlobal_Strat.pdf]
   Google Scholar
• Goossens H, Ferech M, Vander Stichele R, Elseviers M. Outpatient antibiotic use in Europe and association with resistance: a cross-national database study. Lancet 2005;365(9459):579-87
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costelloe C, Metcalfe C, Lovering A, et al. Effect of antibiotic prescribing in primary care on antimicrobial resistance in individual patients: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ (Clinical research ed) 2010;340:c2096
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goossens H. Antibiotic consumption and link to resistance. Clin Microbiol Infect 2009;15(Suppl 3)):12-15
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cizman M, Pokorn M, Seme K, et al. Influence of increased macrolide consumption on macrolide resistance of common respiratory pathogens. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1999;18(7):522-4
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Department of Health, Social Services and Public Safety Northern Ireland. A strategy for changing antimicrobial resistance (STAR) 2012 to 2017. Available from: www.dhsspsni.gov.uk/star-doc.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Standing Medical Advisory Committee. The Path of Least Resistance. http://antibiotic-action.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/Standing-Medical-Advisory-Committee-The-path-of-least-resistance-1998.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Molstad S, Cars O, Struwe J. Strama–a Swedish working model for containment of antibiotic resistance. Euro Surveill 2008;13:46
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Adriaenssens N, Coenen S, Tonkin-Crine S, et al. European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption (ESAC): disease-specific quality indicators for outpatient antibiotic prescribing. BMJ Qual Saf 2011. [Epub ahead of print]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goossens H, Guillemot D, Ferech M, et al. National campaigns to improve antibiotic use. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2006;62(5):373-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cals JW, Butler CC, Hopstaken RM, et al. Effect of point of care testing for C reactive protein and training in communication skills on antibiotic use in lower respiratory tract infections: cluster randomised trial. BMJ (Clinical research ed) 2009;338:b1374
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Little P, Stuart B, Francis N, et al. Effects of internet-based training on antibiotic prescribing rates for acute respiratory-tract infections: a multinational, cluster, randomised, factorial, controlled trial. Lancet 2013;382(9899):1175-82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cizman M, Srovin T, Pokorn M, et al. Analysis of the causes and consequences of decreased antibiotic consumption over the last 5 years in Slovenia. J Antimicrob Chemother 2005;55(5):758-63
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bajcetic M Kalaba M, Godman B, Sipetic T, et al. Ongoing programmes to reduce the high rate of antibiotic consumption in Serbia; current situation and future direction. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2012;21(Suppl 3):98
   Google Scholar
• Grimshaw J, Campbell M, Eccles M, Steen N. Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for evaluating guideline implementation strategies. Fam Pract 2000;17 Suppl 1:S11-16
   Google Scholar
• WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology. ATC/ DDD index 2011. WHO, Oslo. 2013. Available from: www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/
   Google Scholar
• Campos J, Ferech M, Lazaro E, et al. Surveillance of outpatient antibiotic consumption in Spain according to sales data and reimbursement data. J Antimicrob Chemother 2007;60(3):698-701
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Adriaenssens N, Coenen S, Versporten A, et al. European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption (ESAC): outpatient antibiotic use in Europe (1997-2009). J Antimicrob Chemother 2011;66(Suppl 6):vi3-12
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• R Project. The R Project for Statistical Computing. Available from: www.r-project.org/
   Google Scholar
• Vogler S, Zimmermann N, Leopold C, de Joncheere K. Pharmaceutical policies in European countries in response to the global financial crisis. Southern Med Rev 2011;4(2):69-79
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Godman B, Shrank W, Andersen M, et al. Policies to enhance prescribing efficiency in europe: findings and future implications. Front Pharmacol 2010;1:141
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sermet C, Andrieu V, Godman B, et al. Ongoing pharmaceutical reforms in France: implications for key stakeholder groups. Appl Health Econ Health Policy 2010;8(1):7-24
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wettermark B, Godman B, Jacobsson B, Haaijer-Ruskamp FM. Soft regulations in pharmaceutical policy making: an overview of current approaches and their consequences. Appl Health Econ Health Policy 2009;7(3):137-47
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Voncina L, Strizrep T, Godman B, et al. Influence of demand-side measures to enhance renin-angiotensin prescribing efficiency in Europe: implications for the future. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res 2011;11(4):469-79
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Godman B, Bishop I, Finlayson AE, et al. Reforms and initiatives in Scotland in recent years to encourage the prescribing of generic drugs, their influence and implications for other countries. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res 2013;13(4):469-82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moon J, Godman B, Petzold M, et al. Different initiatives across Europe to enhance losartan utilisation post generics: impact and implications. Front Pharmacol 2014;5(Article 219):1-10
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Godman B, Petzold M, Bennett K, et al. Can authorities appreciably enhance the prescribing of oral generic risperidone to conserve resources?: findings from across Europe and their implications. BMC Med 2014;12(1):98
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garuoliene K, Alonderis T, Marcinkevic˘ius M. Pharmaceutical policy and the effects of the economic crisis: Lithuania. EuroHealth 2011;17:1-4
   Google Scholar
• Baumgärtel C, Godman B, Malmström R, et al. What lessons can be learned from the launch of generic clopidogrel? GaBI J 2012;1(2):58-68
   Google Scholar
• Malmstrom RE, Godman B, Diogene E, et al. Dabigatran - a case history demonstrating the need for comprehensive approaches to optimize the use of new drugs. Frontiers in pharmacology 2013;4:39
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Godman B, Shrank W, Andersen M, et al. Comparing policies to enhance prescribing efficiency in Europe through increasing generic utilization: changes seen and global implications. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res 2010;10(6):707-22
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Godman B, Wettermark B, van Woerkom M, et al. Multiple policies to enhance prescribing efficiency for established medicines in Europe with a particular focus on demand-side measures: findings and future implications. Front Pharmacol 2014;5:106
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Čižman M, Beović B. Priročnik za ambulantno predpisovanje protimikrobnih zdravil. Ljubljana: Arkadija 2002
   Google Scholar
• Earnshaw S, Monnet DL, Duncan B, et al. European Antibiotic Awareness Day, 2008 - the first Europe-wide public information campaign on prudent antibiotic use: methods and survey of activities in participating countries. Euro Surveill 2009;14(30):19280
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• ZZZS. Recept – The bulletin on drugs covered by Compulsory Health Insurance. 2013. Available from: www.zzzs.si/zzzs/info/egradiva.nsf/o/FEAF7D3377DA0E13C1257A2C003406A3?OpenDocument
   Google Scholar
• ZZZS. Varna raba zdravil. Available from: https://zavarovanec.zzzs.si/wps/portal/portali/azos/domov2013
   Google Scholar
• Campbell SM, Godman B, Diogene E, et al. Quality Indicators as a Tool in Improving the Introduction of New Medicines. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2014. [Epub ahead of print]
   Google Scholar
• Bagari Bizjak N, Fürst J, Kramberger B, et al. Kakovost predpisovanja v družinski medicini. Recept 2011;9(1):93-5
   Google Scholar
• Godman B, Wettermark B, Hoffmann M, et al. Multifaceted national and regional drug reforms and initiatives in ambulatory care in Sweden: global relevance. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res 2009;9(1):65-83
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Garuoliene K, Godman B, Gulbinovic J, et al. European countries with small populations can obtain low prices for drugs: lithuania as a case history. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res 2011;11(3):343-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Godman B, Sakshaug S, Berg C, et al. Combination of prescribing restrictions and policies to engineer low prices to reduce reimbursement costs. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res 2011;11(1):121-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wettermark B, Godman B, Neovius M, et al. Initial effects of a reimbursement restriction to improve the cost-effectiveness of antihypertensive treatment. Health Policy 2010;94(3):221-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pettersson B, Hoffmann M, Wandell P, Levin LA. Utilization and costs of lipid modifying therapies following health technology assessment for the new reimbursement scheme in Sweden. Health Policy 2012;104(1):84-91
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Adriaenssens N, Coenen S, Versporten A, et al. European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption (ESAC): outpatient quinolone use in Europe (1997-2009). J Antimicrob Chemother 2011;66(Suppl 6):vi47-56
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Trend of antimicrobial consumption of antibacterials for systemic use (ATC group J01) in the community (primary care sector). Available from: www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/healthtopics/antimicrobial_resistance/esac-net-database/pages/trend-consumption-by-country.aspx
   Google Scholar
• Cizman M. Measurement units for antibiotic consumption in outpatients. J Antimicrob Chemother 2014;69(10):2877-8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Coenen S, Bruyndonckx R, Hens N, et al. Comment on: Measurement units for antibiotic consumption in outpatients. J Antimicrob Chemother 2014;69(12):3445-6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Moe-Byrne T, Chambers D, Harden M, McDaid C. Behaviour change interventions to promote prescribing of generic drugs: a rapid evidence synthesis and systematic review. BMJ open 2014;4(5):e004623
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mousnad MA, Shafie AA, Ibrahim MI. Systematic review of factors affecting pharmaceutical expenditures. Health Policy 2014;116(2-3):137-46
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lejko-Zupanc T, Čižman M, Knez L. Predpisovanje protimikrobnih zdravil v domovih za ostarele. Infektološki simpozij 2010 Ljubljana. Sekcija za kemoterapijo J 2010;105-14
   Google Scholar
• Bero LA, Grilli R, Grimshaw JM, et al. Closing the gap between research and practice: an overview of systematic reviews of interventions to promote the implementation of research findings. The Cochrane Effective Practice and Organization of Care Review Group. BMJ (Clinical research ed) 1998;317(7156):465-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barton S. Using clinical evidence. BMJ (Clinical research ed) 2001;322(7285):503-4
   PubMedGoogle Scholar