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Developments in mechanical thrombectomy devices for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke

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References

•• Meta-analysis showing the importance of vessel recanalization in acute stroke treatment.

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• Landmark trial for intra-arterial thrombolysis in acute stroke treatment.

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  • The Penumbra Pivotal Stroke Trial Investigators The Penumbra Pivotal Stroke Trial: safety and effectiveness of a new generation of mechanical devices for clot removal in intracranial large vessel occlusive disease. Stroke. 2009;40(8):2761–2768.
  • Kulcsar Z, Bonvin C, Pereira VM, et al. Penumbra system: a novel mechanical thrombectomy device for large-vessel occlusions in acute stroke. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2010;31(4):628–633.
  • Smith WS, Sung G, Starkman S, et al. Safety and efficacy of mechanical embolectomy in acute ischemic stroke: results of the MERCI trial. Stroke. 2005;36(7):1432–1438.
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  • The SSYLVIA Investigators. Stenting of Symptomatic Atherosclerotic Lesions in the Vertebral or Intracranial Arteries (SSYLVIA): study results. Stroke. 2004;35(6):1388–1392.
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• Experimental study evaluating the mechanical mechanism of action of stent-retriever thrombectomy.

  • Brekenfeld C, Schroth G, Mordasini P, et al. Impact of retrievable stents on acute ischemic stroke treatment. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2011;32(7):1269–1273.
  • Mordasini P, Brekenfeld C, Byrne JV, et al. Experimental evaluation of immediate recanalization effect and recanalization efficacy of a new thrombus retriever for acute stroke treatment in vivo. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2013;34(1):153–158.
  • Castano C, Dorado L, Guerrero C, et al. Mechanical thrombectomy with the Solitaire AB device in large artery occlusions of the anterior circulation: a pilot study. Stroke. 2010;41(8):1836–1840.
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  • Pereira VMGJ, Davalos A, Bonafe A, et al. Prospective Multi-Centre Single-Arm Study of Mechanical Thrombectomy using Solitaire FR in Acute Ischemic Stroke (STAR). Stroke. 2013;44(10):2802–2807.
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  • Berkhemer OA, Fransen PS, Beumer D, et al. A randomized trial of intraarterial treatment for acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(1):11–20.

• First randomized controlled trial showing superiority of latest generation thrombectomy devices.

  • Goyal M, Demchuk AM, Menon BK, et al. Randomized assessment of rapid endovascular treatment of ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(11):1019–1030.
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  • Saver JL, Goyal M, Bonafe A, et al. Stent-retriever thrombectomy after intravenous t-PA vs. t-PA alone in stroke. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(24):2285–2295.
  • Jovin TG, Chamorro A, Cobo E, et al. Thrombectomy within 8 hours after symptom onset in ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(24):2296–2306.
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•• Actualized European guidelines for acute stroke treatment.

  • Powers WJ, Derdeyn CP, Biller J, et al. 2015 AHA/ASA Focused Update of the 2013 Guidelines for the Early Management of Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke Regarding Endovascular Treatment. A Guideline for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2015;46(10):3020–3035.

•• Actualized European guidelines for acute stroke treatment.

  • Riedel CH, Zimmermann P, Jensen-Kondering U, et al. The importance of size: successful recanalization by intravenous thrombolysis in acute anterior stroke depends on thrombus length. Stroke. 2011;42(6):1775–1777.

•• Study showing impact of thrombus length on the success of intravenous thrombolysis.

  • Weisstanner C, Gratz PP, Schroth G, et al. Thrombus imaging in acute stroke: correlation of thrombus length on susceptibility-weighted imaging with endovascular reperfusion success. Eur Radiol. 2014;24(8):1735–1741.
  • Jung S, Gilgen M, Slotboom J, et al. Factors that determine penumbral tissue loss in acute ischaemic stroke. Brain. 2013;136(Pt 12):3554–3560.
  • Gratz PP, Schroth G, Gralla J, et al. Whole-brain susceptibility-weighted thrombus imaging in stroke. Fragmented thrombi predict worse outcome. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2015;36(7):1277–1282.
  • Menon BK, Hill MD, Eesa M, et al. Initial experience with the penumbra stroke system for recanalization of large vessel occlusions in acute ischemic stroke. Neuroradiology. 2011;53(4):261–266.
  • Marder VJ, Chute DJ, Starkman S, et al. Analysis of thrombi retrieved from cerebral arteries of patients with acute ischemic stroke. Stroke. 2006;37(8):2086–2093.
  • Roth C, Papanagiotou P, Behnke S, et al. Stent-assisted mechanical recanalization for treatment of acute intracerebral artery occlusions. Stroke. 2010;41(11):2559–2567.
  • Miteff F, Faulder KC, Goh AC, et al. Mechanical thrombectomy with a self-expanding retrievable intracranial stent (Solitaire AB): experience in 26 patients with acute cerebral artery occlusion. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2011;32(6):1078–1081.
  • Humphries W, Hoit D, Doss VT, et al. Distal aspiration with retrievable stent assisted thrombectomy for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. J Neurointerv Surg. 2015;7(2):90–94.

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