References
- Parisi R, Symmons DP, Griffiths CE, Ashcroft DM. Global epidemiology of psoriasis: a systematic review of incidence and prevalence. J Invest Dermatol 2013;133(2):377-85
- Bergboer JG, Zeeuwen PL, Schalkwijk J. Genetics of psoriasis: evidence for epistatic interaction between skin barrier abnormalities and immune deviation. J Invest Dermatol 2012;132:2320-1
- Nestle FO, Kaplan DH, Barker J. Psoriasis. N Engl J Med 2009;361(5):496-509
- Yang YW, Keller JJ, Lin HC. Medical comorbidity associated with psoriasis in adults: a population-based study. Br J Dermatol 2011;165(5):1037-43
- American Academy of Dermatology Work Group. Menter A, Korman NJ, Elmets CA, et al. Guidelines of care for the management of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: section 6. Guidelines of care for the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: case-based presentations and evidence-based conclusions. J Am Acad Dermatol 2011;65(1):137-74
- Carlin CS, Feldman SR, Krueger JG, et al. A 50% reduction in the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI 50) is a clinically significant endpoint in the assessment of psoriasis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2004;50:859-66
- Puig L. PASI90 response: the new standard in therapeutic efficacy for psoriasis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2014. [Epub ahead of print]
- Murphy M, Kerr P, Grant-Kels JM. The histopathologic spectrum of psoriasis. Clin Dermatol 2007;25(6):524-8
- Lowes MA, Suárez-Fariñas M, Krueger JG. Immunology of psoriasis. Annu Rev Immunol 2014;32:227-55
- Zaba LC, Krueger JG, Lowes MA. Resident and “inflammatory” dendritic cells in human skin. J Invest Dermatol 2009;129:302-8
- Albanesi C, Scarponi C, Pallotta S, et al. Chemerin expression marks early psoriatic skin lesions and correlates with plasmacytoid dendritic cell recruitment. J Exp Med 2009;206(1):249-58
- Ganguly D, Chamilos G, Lande R, et al. Self-RNA-antimicrobial peptide complexes activate human dendritic cells through TLR7 and TLR8. J Exp Med 2009;206:1983-94
- Lande R, Ganguly D, Facchinetti V, et al. Neutrophils activate plasmacytoid dendritic cells by releasing self-DNA-peptide complexes in systemic lupus erythematosus. Sci Transl Med 2011;3:73ra19
- Nestle FO, Conrad C, Tun-Kyi A, et al. Plasmacytoid predendritic cells initiate psoriasis through interferon-alpha production. J Exp Med 2005;202:135-43
- Lowes MA, Chamian F, Abello MV, et al. Increase in TNF-alpha and inducible nitric oxide synthase-expressing dendritic cells in psoriasis and reduction with efalizumab (anti-CD11a). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005;102:19057-62
- Oppmann B, Lesley R, Blom B, et al. Novel p19 protein engages IL-12p40 to form a cytokine, IL-23, with biological activities similar as well as distinct from IL-12. Immunity 2000;13:715-25
- Lowes MA, Russell CB, Martin DA, et al. The IL-23/T17 pathogenic axis in psoriasis is amplified by keratinocyte responses. Trends Immunol 2013;34:174-81
- Ortega C, Fernandez AS, Carrillo JM, et al. IL-17-producing CD8+ T lymphocytes from psoriasis skin plaques are cytotoxic effector cells that secrete. Th17-related cytokines. J Leukoc Biol 2009;86:435-43
- Cai Y, Shen X, Ding C, et al. Pivotal role of dermal IL-17-producing gammadelta T cells in skin inflammation. Immunity 2011;35:596-610
- Laggner U, Di Meglio P, Perera G, et al. Identification of a novel pro-inflammatory human skin-homing Vc9Vd2 T cell subset with a potential role in psoriasis. J Immunol 2011;187:2783-93
- Ciric B, El-behi M, Cabrera R, et al. IL-23 drives pathogenic IL-17-producing CD8+ T cells. J Immunol 2009;182:5296-305
- Ward NL, Umetsu DT. A new player on the psoriasis block: IL-17A- and IL-22-producing innate lymphoid cells. J Invest Dermatol 2014;134(9):2305-7
- Teunissen M, Munneke M, Bernink J, et al. Composition of innate lymphoid cell subsets in the human skin: enrichment of NCRþ ILC3 in lesional skin and blood of psoriasis patients. J Invest Dermatol 2014;134:2351-60
- Keijsers RRMC, Hendriks AGM, van Erp PEJ, et al. In vivo induction of cutaneous inflammation results in the accumulation of extracellular trap-forming neutrophils expressing RORγt and IL-17. J Invest Dermatol 2014;134:1276-84
- Lin AM, Rubin CJ, Khandpur R, et al. Mast cells and neutrophils release IL-17 through extracellular trap formation in psoriasis. J Immunol 2011;187:490-500
- Caruso R, Botti E, Sarra M, et al. Involvement of interleukin-21 in the epidermal hyperplasia of psoriasis. Nat Med 2009;15(9):1013-15
- Singh TP, Schön MP, Wallbrecht K, et al. Involvement of IL-9 in Th17-associated inflammation and angiogenesis of psoriasis. PLoS One 2013;8:e51752
- Pathirana D, Ormerod AD, Saiag P, et al. European S3-guidelines on the systemic treatment of psoriasis vulgaris. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2009;23(Suppl 2):1-70
- Naldi L, Griffiths CE. Traditional therapies in the management of moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis: an assessment of the benefits and risks. Br J Dermatol 2005;152(4):597-615
- Carretero G, Ferrandiz C, Dauden E, et al. Risk of adverse events in psoriasis patients receiving classic systemic drugs and biologics in a 5-year observational study of clinical practice: 2008-2013 results of the Biobadaderm registry. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015;29(1):156-63
- Hsu S, Papp KA, Lebwohl MG, et al. Consensus guidelines for the management of plaque psoriasis. Arch Dermatol 2012;148(1):95-102
- Chiricozzi A, Krueger JG. IL-17 targeted therapies for psoriasis. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2013;22(8):993-1005
- Hansen RB, Kavanaugh A. Novel treatments with small molecules in psoriatic arthritis. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2014;16(9):443
- Kofoed K, Skov L, Zachariae C. New drugs and treatment targets in psoriasis. Acta Derm Venereol 2015;95(2):133-9
- Palanivel JA, Macbeth AE, Chetty NC, Levell NJ. An insight into JAK-STAT signalling in dermatology. Clin Exp Dermatol 2014;39(4):513-18
- O’Shea JJ, Holland SM, Staudt LM. JAKs and STATs in immunity, immunodeficiency, and cancer. N Engl J Med 2013;368(2):161-70
- Kaminska B, Swiatek-Machado K. Targeting signaling pathways with small molecules to treat autoimmune disorders. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2008;4(1):93-112
- Ghoreschi K, Gadina M. Jakpot! New small molecules in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Exp Dermatol 2014;23(1):7-11
- Cassano N, Vena GA. Janus kinase inhibition as a potential strategy for the treatment of psoriasis: state of the art and future perspectives. J Biol Regul Homeost Agents 2012;26(4):587-96
- Baker SJ, Rane SG, Reddy EP. Hematopoietic cytokine receptor signaling. Oncogene. 2007;26(47):6724-37
- O’Shea JJ, Gadina M, Schreiber RD. Cytokine signaling in 2002: new surprises in the Jak/Stat pathway. Cell 2002;109(Suppl):S121-31
- Silvennoinen O, Ihle JN, Schlessinger J, Levy DE. Interferon-induced nuclear signalling by Jak protein tyrosine kinases. Nature 1993;366(6455):583-5
- Leonard WJ, O’Shea JJ. Jaks and STATs: biological implications. Annu Rev Immunol 1998;16:293-322
- Igaz P, Tóth S, Falus A. Biological and clinical significance of the JAK-STAT pathway; lessons from knockout mice. Inflamm Res 2001;50(9):435-41
- Schindler CW. Series introduction. JAK-STAT signaling in human disease. J Clin Invest 2002;109(9):1133-7
- O’Shea JJ, Murray PJ. Cytokine signaling modules in inflammatory responses. Immunity 2008;28(4):477-87
- Shuai K, Liu B. Regulation of JAK-STAT signalling in the immune system. Nat Rev Immunol 2003;3(11):900-11
- Zouein FA, Duhé RJ, Booz GW. JAKs go nuclear: emerging role of nuclear JAK1 and JAK2 in gene expression and cell growth. Growth Factors 2011;29(6):245-52
- Ghoreschi K, Laurence A, O’Shea JJ. Janus kinases in immune cell signaling. Immunol Rev 2009;228(1):273-87
- Levy DE, Darnell JEJr. Stats: transcriptional control and biological impact. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2002;3(9):651-62
- Strange A, Capon F, Spencer CC, et al. A genome-wide association study identifies new psoriasis susceptibility loci and an interaction between HLA-C and ERAP1. Nat Genet 2010;42:985-90
- Seavey MM, Dobrzanski P. The many faces of Janus kinase. Biochem Pharmacol 2012;83(9):1136-45
- Schindler C, Levy DE, Decker T. JAK-STAT signaling: from interferons to cytokines. J Biol Chem 2007;282(28):20059-63
- Murray PJ. The JAK-STAT signaling pathway: input and output integration. J Immunol 2007;178(5):2623-9
- Darnell JEJr. STATs and gene regulation. Science 1997;277(5332):1630-5
- Levine RL, Wadleigh M, Cools J, et al. Activating mutation in the tyrosine kinase JAK2 in polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, and myeloid metaplasia with myelofibrosis. Cancer Cell 2005;7:387-97
- Walker JG, Ahern MJ, Coleman M, et al. Characterization of a dendritic cell subset in synovial tissue which strongly expresses Jak/STAT transcription factors from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2007;66:992-9
- Chen C, Zhang X, Wang Y. Analysis of JAK2 and STAT3 polymorphisms in patients with ankylosing spondylitis in Chinese Han population. Clin Immunol 2010;136:442-6
- Anderson CA, Massey DCO, Barrett JC, et al. Investigation of Crohn’s disease risk loci in Ulcerative colitis further defines their molecular relationship. Gastroenterology 2009;136:523-9
- Remmers EF, Plenge RM, Lee AT, et al. STAT4 and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. N Engl J Med 2007;357(10):977-86
- Ortiz-Ibáñez K, Alsina MM, Muñoz-Santos C. Tofacitinib and other kinase inhibitors in the treatment of psoriasis. Actas Dermosifiliogr 2013;104(4):304-10
- Andrés RM, Hald A, Johansen C, et al. Studies of Jak/STAT3 expression and signalling in psoriasis identifies STAT3-Ser727 phosphorylation as a modulator of transcriptional activity. Exp Dermatol 2013;22(5):323-8
- Hald A, Andrés RM, Salskov-Iversen ML, et al. STAT1 expression and activation is increased in lesional psoriatic skin. Br J Dermatol 2013;168(2):302-10
- Zhou X, Krueger JG, Kao MC, et al. Novel mechanisms of T-cell and dendritic cell activation revealed by profiling of psoriasis on the 63,100-element oligonucleotide array. Physiol Genomics 2003;13(1):69-78
- Sano S, Chan KS, Carbajal S, et al. Stat3linksactivatedkeratinocytes and immunocytes required for development of psoriasis in a novel transgenic mouse model. Nat Med 2005;11(1):43-9
- Yang XP, Ghoreschi K, Steward-Tharp SM, et al. Opposing regulation of the locusencodingIL-17 through direct, reciprocal actions of STAT3 and STAT5. Nat Immunol 2011;12(3):247-54
- Naugler WE, Karin M. The wolf in sheep’s clothing: the role of interleukin-6 in immunity, inflammation and cancer. Trends Mol Med 2008;14(3):109-19
- Wolk K, Witte E, Wallace E, et al. IL-22 regulates the expression of genes responsible for antimicrobial defense, cellular differentiation, and mobility in keratinocytes: a potential role in psoriasis. Eur J Immunol 2006;36(5):1309-23
- Sestito R, Madonna S, Scarponi C, et al. STAT3 dependent effects of IL-22 in human keratinocytes are counterregulated by sirtuin 1 through a direct inhibition of STAT3 acetylation. FASEB J 2011;25(3):916-27
- Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Gu W, Sun B. TH1/TH2 cell differentiation and molecular signals. Adv Exp Med Biol 2014;841:15-44
- Chiricozzi A, Krueger JG. IL-17 targeted therapies for psoriasis. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2013;22(8):993-1005
- Nakajima K. Critical role of the interleukin-23/T-helper 17 cell axis in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. J Dermatol 2012;39(3):219-24
- Cho ML, Kang JW, Moon YM, et al. STAT3 and NF-kappaB signal pathway is required for IL-23-mediated IL-17 production in spontaneous arthritis animal model IL-1 receptor antagonist-deficient mice. J Immunol 2006;176(9):5652-61
- Kaur K, Kalra S, Kaushal S. Systematic Review of Tofacitinib: a New Drug for the Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Clin Ther 2014;36(7):1074-86
- Cada DJ, Demaris K, Levien TL, Baker DE. Tofacitinib. Hosp Pharm 2013;48(5):413-24
- Hsu L, Armstrong AW. JAK inhibitors: treatment efficacy and safety profile in patients with psoriasis. J Immunol Res 2014;2014:283617
- Gan EY, Chong WS, Tey HL. Therapeutic strategies in psoriasis patients with psoriatic arthritis: focus on new agents. Bio Drugs 2013;27(4):359-73
- Pfizer. Available from: www.pfizer.com/pipeline
- Riese RJ, Krishnaswami S, Kremer J. Inhibition of JAK kinases in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: scientific rationale and clinical outcomes. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2010;24(4):513-26
- Karaman MW, Herrgard S, Treiber DK, et al. A quantitative analysis of kinase inhibitor selectivity. Nat Biotechnol 2008;26(1):127-32
- Davis MI, Hunt JP, Herrgard S, et al. Comprehensive analysis of kinase inhibitor selectivity. Nat Biotechnol 2011;29(11):1046-51
- Meyer DM, Jesson MI, Li X, et al. Anti-inflammatory activity and neutrophil reductions mediated by the JAK1/JAK3 inhibitor, CP-690,550, in rat adjuvant-induced arthritis. J Inflamm (Lond) 2010;7:41
- Lin TH, Hegen M, Quadros E, et al. Selective functional inhibition of JAK-3 is sufficient for efficacy in collagen-induced arthritis in mice. Arthritis Rheum 2010;62(8):2283-93
- Strober B, Buonanno M, Clark JD, et al. Effect of tofacitinib, a Janus kinase inhibitor, on haematological parameters during 12 weeks of psoriasis treatment. Br J Dermatol 2013;169(5):992-9
- Dowty ME, Lin J, Ryder TF, et al. The pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and clearance mechanisms of tofacitinib, a janus kinase inhibitor, in humans. Drug Metab Dispos 2014;42(4):759-73
- Ghoreschi K, Jesson MI, Li X, et al. Modulation of innate and adaptive immune responses by tofacitinib (CP-690,550). J Immunol 2011;186(7):4234-43
- Chang BY, Zhao F, He X, et al. JAK3 inhibition significantly attenuates psoriasiform skin inflammation in CD18 mutant PL/J mice. J Immunol 2009;183(3):2183-92
- Rückert R, Asadullah K, Seifert M, et al. Inhibition of keratinocyte apoptosis by IL-15: a new parameter in the pathogenesis of psoriasis? J Immunol 2000;165(4):2240-50
- Kontzias A, Kotlyar A, Laurence A, et al. Jakinibs: a new class of kinase inhibitors in cancer and autoimmune disease. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2012;12(4):464-70
- Fonseca JE, Santos MJ, Canhão H, Choy E. Interleukin-6 as a key player in systemic inflammation and joint destruction. Autoimmun Rev 2009;8(7):538-42
- Boy MG, Wang C, Wilkinson BE, et al. Double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation study to evaluate the pharmacologic effect of CP-690,550 in patients with psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2009;129(9):2299-302
- Effectiveness and safety of 3 dosing regimens of CP-690,550 to placebo in subjects with moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis. Available from: www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00678210
- Papp KA, Menter A, Strober B, et al. Efficacy and safety of tofacitinib, an oral Janus kinase inhibitor, in the treatment of psoriasis: a Phase 2b randomized placebo-controlled dose-ranging study. Br J Dermatol 2012;167(3):668-77
- Mamolo C, Harness J, Tan H, Menter A. Tofacitinib (CP-690,550), an oral Janus kinase inhibitor, improves patient-reported outcomes in a phase 2b, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2013. [Epub ahead of print]
- Bushmakin AG, Mamolo C, Cappelleri JC, Stewart M. The relationship between pruritus and the clinical signs of psoriasis in patients receiving tofacitinib. J Dermatolog Treat 2013. [Epub ahead of print]
- Study of the mechanism of action Of CP-690,550 In the skin of subjects with moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01710046
- Clinicaltrials.gov. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?term=tofacitinib+AND+psoriasis&Search=Search
- A Phase 3, multi site, randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study of the efficacy and safety comparing CP- 690,550 and etanercept in subjects with moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01241591
- Bachelez H, van de Kerkhof PCM, Strohal R, et al. Comparison of tofacitinib versus etanercept or placebo in moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis: a Phase 3 randomized trial. Presented at American Academy of Dermatology 72nd Annual Meeting; March 22, 2014. Denver, Colorado
- Bissonnette R, Iversen L, Sofen H, et al. Withdrawal and retreatment of tofacitinib in moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis. Presented at the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology Spring Symposium; 22-25 May 2014. Belgrade, Serbia
- A study evaluating the efficacy and safety oO CP-690,550 in Asian subjects with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01815424
- A one-year study to evaluate the effects and safety Of CP-690,550 in patients with moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/results/NCT01276639?term=NCT01276639&rank=1§=X870156#all
- A long term study to evaluate the safety, tolerability and efficacy of CP-690,550 in patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis and/or psoriatic arthritis. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01519089
- A one-year study to evaluate the efficacy and safety Of CP-690,550 for patients with moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/results/NCT01309737?term=NCT01309737&rank=1§=X01256#all
- A long term study to evaluate the safety and tolerability of CP-690,550 for patients with moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01163253
- Open-label extension study of tofacitinib in psoriatic arthritis (OPAL BALANCE). Available from: www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01976364
- Clinicaltrials.gov. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?term=NCT01877668&Search=Search
- Tofacitinib in psoriatic arthritis subjects with inadequate response to TNF inhibitors (OPAL BEYOND). Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01882439
- Souto A, Maneiro JR, Salgado E, et al. Risk of tuberculosis in patients with chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases treated with biologics and tofacitinib: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and long-term extension studies. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2014;53(10):1872-85
- No authors listed Tofacitinib. Drugs R D 2010;10(4):271-84
- Maiga M, Lun S, Guo H, et al. Risk of tuberculosis reactivation with tofacitinib (CP-690550). J Infect Dis 2012;205(11):1705-8
- MacFarlane LA, Todd DJ. Kinase inhibitors: the next generation of therapies in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Int J Rheum Dis 2014;17(4):359-68
- Cohen S, Radominski SC, Gomez-Reino JJ, et al. Analysis of infections and all-cause mortality in phase II, phase III, and long-term extension studies of tofacitinib in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2014;66(11):2924-37
- Wollenhaupt J, Silverfield J, Lee EB, et al. Safety and efficacy of tofacitinib, an oral janus kinase inhibitor, for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in open-label, long-term extension studies. J Rheumatol 2014;41(5):837-52
- Ports WC, Khan S, Lan S, et al. A randomized phase 2a efficacy and safety trial of the topical Janus kinase inhibitor tofacitinib in the treatment of chronic plaque psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 2013;169(1):137-45
- Tofacitinib ointment for chronic plaque psoriasis. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01831466
- Topical CP-690,550 For chronic plaque psoriasis. Available from: www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00678561
- Lebwohl MG, Bachelez H, Barker J, et al. Patient perspectives in the management of psoriasis: results from the population-based Multinational Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis Survey. J Am Acad Dermatol 2014;70(5):871-81; e1-30
- Yeung H, Wan J, Van Voorhees AS, et al. Patient-reported reasons for the discontinuation of commonly used treatments for moderate to severe psoriasis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2013;68(1):64-72
- Gniadecki R, Kragballe K, Dam TN, Skov L. Comparison of drug survival rates for adalimumab, etanercept and infliximab in patients with psoriasis vulgaris. Br J Dermatol 2011;164:1091-6
- Brunasso AM, Puntoni M, Salvini C, et al. Tolerability and safety of biological therapies for psoriasis in daily clinical practice: a study of 103 Italian patients. Acta Derm Venereol 2011;91:44-9
- Craiglow BG, King BA. Killing Two Birds with One Stone: oral Tofacitinib Reverses Alopecia Universalis in a Patient with Plaque Psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2014;134(12):2988-90
- Xing L, Dai Z, Jabbari A, et al. Alopecia areata is driven by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and is reversed by JAK inhibition. Nat Med 2014;20(9):1043-9
- Tofacitinib for the treatment of alopecia areata and variants. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02197455
- An open-label pilot study to evaluate the efficacy of tofacitinib in moderate to severe alopecia areata, totalis and universalis. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02299297
- Tofacitinib for the treatment of alopecia areata and its variants. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02312882
- Clinicaltrials.gov. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?term=tofacitinib+AND+alopecia&Search=Search