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Expert Review of Clinical Immunology Volume 12, 2016 - Issue 2
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Reviews

Early diagnosis of primary Sjögren’s syndrome: EULAR-SS task force clinical recommendations

Pilar Brito-ZerónSjögren Syndrome Research Group (AGAUR), Laboratory of Autoimmune Diseases Josep Font, CELLEX-IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, ICMiD, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
,
Elke TheanderDepartment of Rheumatology, Skane University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Sweden
,
Chiara BaldiniRheumatology Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
,
Raphaèle SerorDepartment of Rheumatology, Assistance Publique–Hopitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, Paris, France;Department of Rheumatology, Université Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, Paris, France
,
Soledad RetamozoSjögren Syndrome Research Group (AGAUR), Laboratory of Autoimmune Diseases Josep Font, CELLEX-IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, ICMiD, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain;Hospital Privado Centro Médico, Córdoba, Argentina
,
Luca QuartuccioClinic of Rheumatology, Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University Hospital Santa Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy
,
Hendrika BootsmaDepartment of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
,
Simon J BowmanRheumatology Department, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
,
Thomas DörnerRheumatology Department, Charité, University Hospital, Berlin, Germany
,
Jacques-Eric GottenbergDepartment of Rheumatology, Strasbourg University Hospital, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
,
Xavier MarietteDepartment of Rheumatology, Assistance Publique–Hopitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, Paris, France;Department of Rheumatology, Université Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, Paris, France
,
Stefano BombardieriRheumatology Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
,
Salvatore de VitaClinic of Rheumatology, Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University Hospital Santa Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy
,
Thomas MandlDepartment of Rheumatology, Skane University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Sweden
,
Wan-Fai NgMusculoskeletal Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
,
Aike A. KruizeDepartment of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
,
Athanasios TzioufasDepartment of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece
,
Claudio VitaliIstituto San Giuseppe, Como and Casa di Cura Lecco, Lecco, Italy
,
Jill BuyonDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
,
Peter IzmirlyDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
,
Robert FoxDepartment of Rheumatology, Scripps Memorial Hospital-XiMED, La Jolla, CA, USA
,
Manuel Ramos-CasalsSjögren Syndrome Research Group (AGAUR), Laboratory of Autoimmune Diseases Josep Font, CELLEX-IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, ICMiD, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, SpainCorrespondence[email protected]
&
on behalf of the EULAR Sjögren Syndrome Task Force
 show all
Pages 137-156 | Received 05 Aug 2015, Accepted 14 Oct 2015, Published online: 22 Dec 2015

References

  • Reference annotations
  • * Of interest
  • ** Of considerable interest
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* Key reference of the proposal of the first internationally-consensuated systemic activity index for SjS.

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* One of the largest series of patients with primary SjS (1115 Italian patients) that analyses the impact on survival of the immunological profile.

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* A timely review about the role of histopathology as a biomarker for stratification and response to therapy in patients with primary SjS.

  • Caporali R, Bonacci E, Epis O, et al. Safety and usefulness of minor salivary gland biopsy: retrospective analysis of 502 procedures performed at a single center. Arthritis Rheum. 2008;59:714–720.
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* Well-designed study that analyses the intraobserver and interobserver reliability of minor salivary gland biopsy in primary SjS.

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* Very innovative study that demonstrates that SjS-related autoantibodies are present up to 20 years before of the diagnosis of the disease.

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* A critical review of the current classification criteria, signed by the members of the EULAR Study Group on Disease Activity Criteria for Sjögren’s syndrome.

  • Cornec D, Saraux A, Cochener B, et al. Level of agreement between 2002 American-European Consensus Group and 2012 American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for Sjögren’s syndrome and reasons for discrepancies. Arthritis Res Ther. 2014;16:R74.
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* The authors compare the performance of the American-European Consensus Group (AECG) and the newly proposed American College of Rheumatology (ACR) classification criteria for Sjögren’s Syndrome (SS) and found that there is no clear evidence for increased value of the new ACR criteria over the old AECG criteria from the clinical or biological perspective.

  • Quartuccio L, Baldini C, Priori R, et al. The classification criteria for Sjögren syndrome: issues for their improvement from the study of a large Italian cohort of patients. Ann Rheum Dis. 2014;73:e35.
  • Hernández-Molina G, Avila-Casado C, Nuñez-Alvarez C, et al. Utility of the American-European Consensus Group and American College of Rheumatology Classification Criteria for Sjögren’s syndrome in patients with systemic autoimmune diseases in the clinical setting. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2015;54:441–448.

* In Mexican patients with primary SjS, the authors found that the feasibility of the AECG criteria is superior to that of the ACR criteria, although their performance was similar among patients with systemic autoimmune diseases.

  • Seror R, Theander E, Bootsma H, et al. Outcome measures for primary Sjögren’s syndrome: a comprehensive review. J Autoimmun. 2014;51:51–56.
  • Bowman SJ, Fox RI. Classification criteria for Sjogren’s syndrome: nothing ever stands still!. Ann Rheum Dis. 2014 Jan;73(1):1–2.
  • Seror R, Gottenberg JE, Devauchelle-Pensec V, et al. European League Against Rheumatism Sjögren’s Syndrome Disease Activity Index and European League Against Rheumatism Sjögren’s Syndrome Patient-Reported Index: a complete picture of primary Sjögren’s syndrome patients. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2013;65:1358–1364.
  • Brito-Zerón P, Kostov B, Solans R, et al.; on behalf of the SS Study Group; Autoimmune Diseases Study Group (GEAS); Spanish Society of Internal Medicine (SEMI). Systemic activity and mortality in primary Sjögren syndrome: predicting survival using the EULAR-SS Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI) in 1045 patients. Ann Rheum Dis. 2014 Nov 28. pii: annrheumdis-2014-206418. [Epub ahead of print].

* The first study that shows that patients with primary SS who present at diagnosis with high systemic activity (ESSDAI ≥14) and/or predictive immunological markers (especially those with more than one), are at higher risk of death.

  • Seror R, Ravaud P, Mariette X, et al.; EULAR Sjögren’s Task Force. EULAR Sjogren’s Syndrome Patient Reported Index (ESSPRI): development of a consensus patient index for primary Sjogren’s syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis. 2011 Jun;70(6):968–972.
  • Seror R, Bootsma H, Saraux A, et al.; on behalf of the EULAR Sjögren’s Task Force. Defining disease activity states and clinically meaningful improvement in primary Sjögren’s syndrome with EULAR primary Sjögren’s syndrome disease activity (ESSDAI) and patient-reported indexes (ESSPRI). Ann Rheum Dis. 2014 Dec 5. pii: annrheumdis-2014-206008. [Epub ahead of print].
  • Seror R, Bowman SJ, Brito-Zerón P, et al. EULAR Sjögren’s syndrome disease activity index (ESSDAI): a user guide. RMD Open. 2015;1:e000022. DOI:10.1136/rmdopen-2014-000022.
  • Seror R, Baron G, Vitali C, et al. Development of CLINESSDAI score (Clinical EULAR Sjögren’s Syndrome Disease Activity Index) without biological domain: a tool for biological studies. Ann Rheum Dis. 2015;74(Suppl2):579.
  • Cornec D, Devauchelle-Pensec V, Mariette X, et al. Development of the Sjögren’s Syndrome Responder Index, a data-driven composite endpoint for assessing treatment efficacy. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2015 Sep;54(9):1699–1708.

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