Advanced search
Publication Cover
Expert Review of Clinical Immunology Volume 9, 2013 - Issue 1
Submit an article Journal homepage
296
Views
26
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Perspective

The role of partially hydrolyzed whey formula for the prevention of allergic disease: evidence and gaps

Adrian J Lowe Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, School of Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia. [email protected]
,
Shyamali C Dharmage Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, School of Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, School of Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
,
Katrina J Allen Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Allergy and Immunology, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Allergy and Immunology, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
,
Mimi LK Tang Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Allergy and Immunology, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Allergy and Immunology, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
&
David J Hill Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
Pages 31-41 | Published online: 10 Jan 2014

References

  • Asher MI, Montefort S, Björkstén B et al.; ISAAC Phase Three Study Group. Worldwide time trends in the prevalence of symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema in childhood: ISAAC Phases One and Three repeat multicountry cross-sectional surveys. Lancet 368(9537), 733–743 (2006).
  • Variations in the prevalence of respiratory symptoms, self-reported asthma attacks, and use of asthma medication in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS). Eur. Respir. J. 9(4), 687–695 (1996).
  • Robertson CF, Heycock E, Bishop J, Nolan T, Olinsky A, Phelan PD. Prevalence of asthma in Melbourne schoolchildren: changes over 26 years. BMJ 302(6785), 1116–1118 (1991).
  • Robertson CF, Roberts MF, Kappers JH. Asthma prevalence in Melbourne schoolchildren: have we reached the peak? Med. J. Aust. 180(6), 273–276 (2004).
  • Devenny A, Wassall H, Ninan T, Omran M, Khan SD, Russell G. Respiratory symptoms and atopy in children in Aberdeen: questionnaire studies of a defined school population repeated over 35 years. BMJ 329(7464), 489–490 (2004).
  • Gupta R, Sheikh A, Strachan DP, Anderson HR. Time trends in allergic disorders in the UK. Thorax 62(1), 91–96 (2007).
  • Jørgensen IM, Jensen VB, Bülow S, Dahm TL, Prahl P, Juel K. Asthma mortality in the Danish child population: risk factors and causes of asthma death. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 36(2), 142–147 (2003).
  • Foucard T, Graff-Lonnevig V. Asthma mortality rate in Swedish children and young adults 1973–88. Allergy 49(8), 616–619 (1994).
  • Burgess JA, Lowe AJ, Matheson MC, Varigos G, Abramson MJ, Dharmage SC. Does eczema lead to asthma? J. Asthma 46(5), 429–436 (2009).
  • Prescott SL, Smith P, Tang M et al. The importance of early complementary feeding in the development of oral tolerance: Concerns and controversies. Pediatr. Allergy Immunol. 19(5), 375–380 (2008).
  • Greer FR, Sicherer SH, Burks AW; American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Nutrition; American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Allergy and Immunology. Effects of early nutritional interventions on the development of atopic disease in infants and children: the role of maternal dietary restriction, breastfeeding, timing of introduction of complementary foods, and hydrolyzed formulas. Pediatrics 121(1), 183–191 (2008).
  • Høst A, Halken S, Muraro A et al. Dietary prevention of allergic diseases in infants and small children. Pediatr. Allergy Immunol. 19(1), 1–4 (2008).
  • Muraro A, Dreborg S, Halken S et al. Dietary prevention of allergic diseases in infants and small children. Part I: immunologic background and criteria for hypoallergenicity. Pediatr. Allergy Immunol. 15(2), 103–111 (2004).
  • Oldæus G, Björkstén B, Einarsson R et al. Antigenicity and allergenicity of cow milk hydrolysates intended for infant feeding. Pediatr. Allergy. Immunol. 2(4), 156–164 (1991).
  • Bindels JG, Boerma JA. Hydrolysed cow’s milk formulae. Pediatr. Allergy Immunol. 5(3), 189–190 (1994).
  • Aas K. What makes an allergen an allergen. Allergy 33(1), 3–14 (1978).
  • American Academy of Pediatrics. Committee on Nutrition. Hypoallergenic infant formulas. Pediatrics 106(2), 346–349 (2000).
  • Lowe AJ, Hosking CS, Bennett CM et al. Effect of a partially hydrolyzed whey infant formula at weaning on risk of allergic disease in high-risk children: a randomized controlled trial. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 128(2), 360–365.e4 (2011).
  • Sporik R, Holgate ST, Platts-Mills TA, Cogswell JJ. Exposure to house-dust mite allergen (Der p I) and the development of asthma in childhood. A prospective study. N. Engl. J. Med. 323(8), 502–507 (1990).
  • Holt PG, Vines J, Britten D. Suppression of IgE responses by antigen inhalation: failure of tolerance mechanism(s) in newborn rats. Immunology 63(4), 591–593 (1988).
  • Grulee CG, Sanford HN. The influence of breast and artificial feeding on infantile eczema. J. Pediatr. 9, 223–225 (1936).
  • Oddy W. Breastfeeding and childhood asthma. Essence 35, 1–5 (1999).
  • Kalach N, Rocchiccioli F, de Boissieu D, Benhamou PH, Dupont C. Intestinal permeability in children: variation with age and reliability in the diagnosis of cow’s milk allergy. Acta Paediatr. 90(5), 499–504 (2001).
  • Prescott SL, Macaubas C, Smallacombe T et al. Reciprocal age-related patterns of allergen-specific T-cell immunity in normal vs. atopic infants. Clin. Exp. Allergy 28(Suppl. 5), 39–44; discussion 50 (1998).
  • Osborn DA, Sinn J. Formulas containing hydrolysed protein for prevention of allergy and food intolerance in infants. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 4, CD003664 (2009).
  • Kramer MS, Kakuma R. Maternal dietary antigen avoidance during pregnancy or lactation, or both, for preventing or treating atopic disease in the child. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 4, CD000133 (2006).
  • Mihrshahi S, Marks GB, Criss S, Tovey ER, Vanlaar CH, Peat JK; CAPS Team. Effectiveness of an intervention to reduce house dust mite allergen levels in children’s beds. Allergy 58(8), 784–789 (2003).
  • Arshad SH, Bateman B, Sadeghnejad A, Gant C, Matthews SM. Prevention of allergic disease during childhood by allergen avoidance: the Isle of Wight prevention study. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 119(2), 307–313 (2007).
  • Marks GB, Mihrshahi S, Kemp AS et al. Prevention of asthma during the first 5 years of life: a randomized controlled trial. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 118(1), 53–61 (2006).
  • Woodcock A, Lowe LA, Murray CS et al.; NAC Manchester Asthma and Allergy Study Group. Early life environmental control: effect on symptoms, sensitization, and lung function at age 3 years. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 170(4), 433–439 (2004).
  • Koopman LP, van Strien RT, Kerkhof M et al.; Prevention and Incidence of Asthma and Mite Allergy (PIAMA) Study. Placebo-controlled trial of house dust mite-impermeable mattress covers: effect on symptoms in early childhood. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 166(3), 307–313 (2002).
  • Sicherer SH, Wood RA, Stablein D et al. Maternal consumption of peanut during pregnancy is associated with peanut sensitization in atopic infants. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 126(6), 1191–1197 (2010).
  • Poole JA, Barriga K, Leung DY et al. Timing of initial exposure to cereal grains and the risk of wheat allergy. Pediatrics 117(6), 2175–2182 (2006).
  • Koplin JJ, Osborne NJ, Wake M et al. Can early introduction of egg prevent egg allergy in infants? A population-based study. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 126(4), 807–813 (2010).
  • Snijders BE, Thijs C, van Ree R, van den Brandt PA. Age at first introduction of cow milk products and other food products in relation to infant atopic manifestations in the first 2 years of life: the KOALA Birth Cohort Study. Pediatrics 122(1), e115–e122 (2008).
  • de Jong MH, Scharp-van der Linden VT, Aalberse RC, Oosting J, Tijssen JG, de Groot CJ. Randomised controlled trial of brief neonatal exposure to cows’ milk on the development of atopy. Arch. Dis. Child. 79(2), 126–130 (1998).
  • Katz Y, Rajuan N, Goldberg MR et al. Early exposure to cow’s milk protein is protective against IgE-mediated cow’s milk protein allergy. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 126(1), 77.e1–82.e1 (2010).
  • Hesselmar B, Saalman R, Rudin A, Adlerberth I, Wold A. Early fish introduction is associated with less eczema, but not sensitization, in infants. Acta Paediatr. 99(12), 1861–1867 (2010).
  • Alm B, Aberg N, Erdes L et al. Early introduction of fish decreases the risk of eczema in infants. Arch. Dis. Child. 94(1), 11–15 (2009).
  • Du Toit G, Katz Y, Sasieni P et al. Early consumption of peanuts in infancy is associated with a low prevalence of peanut allergy. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 122(5), 984–991 (2008).
  • Lowe AJ, Carlin JB, Bennett CM et al. Atopic disease and breast-feeding–cause or consequence? J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 117(3), 682–687 (2006).
  • Vandenplas Y, Hauser B, Van den Borre C, Sacre L, Dab I. Effect of a whey hydrolysate prophylaxis of atopic disease. Ann. Allergy 68(5), 419–424 (1992).
  • Marini A, Agosti M, Motta G, Mosca F. Effects of a dietary and environmental prevention programme on the incidence of allergic symptoms in high atopic risk infants: three years’ follow-up. Acta Paediatr. Suppl. 414, 1–21 (1996).
  • Chandra RK, Singh G, Shridhara B. Effect of feeding whey hydrolysate, soy and conventional cow milk formulas on incidence of atopic disease in high risk infants. Ann. Allergy 63(2), 102–106 (1989).
  • Sterken E. The impact of scientific misconduct on child health. Public Health Nutr. 9(2), 273 (2006).
  • Saarinen KM, Savilahti E. Infant feeding patterns affect the subsequent immunological features in cow’s milk allergy. Clin. Exp. Allergy 30(3), 400–406 (2000).
  • Caffarelli C, Plebani A, Poiesi C, Petroccione T, Spattini A, Cavagni G. Determination of allergenicity to three cow’s milk hydrolysates and an amino acid-derived formula in children with cow’s milk allergy. Clin. Exp. Allergy 32(1), 74–79 (2002).
  • Høst A. Frequency of cow’s milk allergy in childhood. Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. 89(6 Suppl. 1), 33–37 (2002).
  • Fisher L, Dixon DO, Herson J et al. Intention to treat in clinical trials. In: Statistical Issues in Drug Research and Development. Peace KE (Ed.). Marcel Dekker, NY, USA (1990).
  • Halken S, Hansen KS, Jacobsen HP et al. Comparison of a partially hydrolyzed infant formula with two extensively hydrolyzed formulas for allergy prevention: a prospective, randomized study. Pediatr. Allergy Immunol. 11(3), 149–161 (2000).
  • von Berg A, Koletzko S, Grübl A et al.; German Infant Nutritional Intervention Study Group. The effect of hydrolyzed cow’s milk formula for allergy prevention in the first year of life: the German Infant Nutritional Intervention Study, a randomized double-blind trial. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 111(3), 533–540 (2003).
  • von Berg A, Koletzko S, Filipiak-Pittroff B et al.; German Infant Nutritional Intervention Study Group. Certain hydrolyzed formulas reduce the incidence of atopic dermatitis but not that of asthma: three-year results of the German Infant Nutritional Intervention Study. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 119(3), 718–725 (2007).
  • von Berg A, Filipiak-Pittroff B, Krämer U et al.; GINIplus study group. Preventive effect of hydrolyzed infant formulas persists until age 6 years: long-term results from the German Infant Nutritional Intervention Study (GINI). J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 121(6), 1442–1447 (2008).
  • Hill DJ, Lowe AJ, Hosking CS et al. Reply. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 129, 262 e2–263 e2 (2012).
  • Szajewska H, Horvath A. Meta-analysis of the evidence for a partially hydrolyzed 100% whey formula for the prevention of allergic diseases. Curr. Med. Res. Opin. 26(2), 423–437 (2010).
  • Alexander DD, Cabana MD. Partially hydrolyzed 100% whey protein infant formula and reduced risk of atopic dermatitis: a meta-analysis. J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. 50(4), 422–430 (2010).
  • Hopewell S, Loudon K, Clarke MJ, Oxman AD, Dickersin K. Publication bias in clinical trials due to statistical significance or direction of trial results. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 1, MR000006 (2009).
  • De Angelis C, Drazen JM, Frizelle FA et al.; International Committee of Medical Journal Editors. Clinical trial registration: a statement from the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors. N. Engl. J. Med. 351(12), 1250–1251 (2004).
  • Egger M, Davey Smith G, Schneider M, Minder C. Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test. BMJ 315(7109), 629–634 (1997).
  • Brand PL, Vlieg-Boerstra BJ, Dubois AE. Dietary prevention of allergic disease in children: are current recommendations really based on good evidence? Pediatr. Allergy Immunol. 18(6), 475–479 (2007).
  • Su JC, Kemp AS, Varigos GA, Nolan TM. Atopic eczema: its impact on the family and financial cost. Arch. Dis. Child. 76(2), 159–162 (1997).
  • Hanifin J, Rajka G. Diagnostic features of atopic dermatitis. Acta. Derm. Venereol. 92, 44–47 (1980).
  • Williams HC, Burney PG, Pembroke AC, Hay RJ. The U.K. Working Party’s Diagnostic Criteria for Atopic Dermatitis. III. Independent hospital validation. Br. J. Dermatol. 131(3), 406–416 (1994).
  • Wolkerstorfer A, de Waard van der Spek FB, Glazenburg EJ, Mulder PG, Oranje AP. Scoring the severity of atopic dermatitis: three item severity score as a rough system for daily practice and as a pre-screening tool for studies. Acta Derm. Venereol. 79(5), 356–359 (1999).
  • Oranje AP. Development of childhood eczema and its classification. Pediatr. Allergy Immunol. 6(Suppl. 7), 31–35 (1995).
  • Simpson EL, Keck LE, Chalmers JR, Williams HC. How should an incident case of atopic dermatitis be defined? A systematic review of primary prevention studies. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 130(1), 137–144 (2012).
  • Foley P, Zuo Y, Plunkett A, Marks R. The frequency of common skin conditions in preschool-age children in Australia: atopic dermatitis. Arch. Dermatol. 137(3), 293–300 (2001).
  • Lowe AJ, Hosking CS, Bennett CM et al. Skin prick test can identify eczematous infants at risk of asthma and allergic rhinitis. Clin. Exp. Allergy 37(11), 1624–1631 (2007).
  • Kusel MM, Holt PG, de Klerk N, Sly PD. Support for 2 variants of eczema. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 116(5), 1067–1072 (2005).
  • Fritsché R, Pahud JJ, Pecquet S, Pfeifer A. Induction of systemic immunologic tolerance to β-lactoglobulin by oral administration of a whey protein hydrolysate. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 100(2), 266–273 (1997).
  • Oldaeus G, Anjou K, Björkstén B, Moran JR, Kjellman NI. Extensively and partially hydrolysed infant formulas for allergy prophylaxis. Arch. Dis. Child. 77(1), 4–10 (1997).
  • Prescott SL, Tang ML; Australasian Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy. The Australasian Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy position statement: Summary of allergy prevention in children. Med. J. Aust. 182(9), 464–467 (2005).
  • Oddy WH, Holt PG, Sly PD et al. Association between breast feeding and asthma in 6-year old children: findings of a prospective birth cohort study. BMJ 319(7213), 815–819 (1999).
  • Matheson MC, Erbas B, Balasuriya A et al. Breast-feeding and atopic disease: a cohort study from childhood to middle age. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 120(5), 1051–1057 (2007).
  • Kramer MS, Matush L, Vanilovich I et al. Effect of prolonged and exclusive breast feeding on risk of allergy and asthma: cluster randomised trial. BMJ 335(7624), 815 (2007).
  • Ip S, Chung M, Raman G et al. Breastfeeding and maternal and infant health outcomes in developed countries. Evid. Rep. Technol. Assess. (Full Rep.) 153, 1–186 (2007).
  • Høst A, Koletzko B, Dreborg S et al. Dietary products used in infants for treatment and prevention of food allergy. Joint Statement of the European Society for Paediatric Allergology and Clinical Immunology (ESPACI) Committee on Hypoallergenic Formulas and the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) Committee on Nutrition. Arch. Dis. Child. 81(1), 80–84 (1999).

Websites

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Order Reprints Request Corporate Permissions

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

Request Academic Permissions

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.