Potential clinical application of KGF-2 (FGF-10) for acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome

References

• Ware LB, Matthay MA. Medical progress – the acute respiratory distress syndrome. N. Engl. J. Med.342(18), 1334–1349 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomashefski JF. Pulmonary pathology of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Clin. Chest Med.21(3), 435–466 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ware LB, Matthay MA. Alveolar fluid clearance is impaired in the majority of patients with acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.163(6), 1376–1383 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seeger W, Gunther A, Walmrath HD, Griminger F, Lasch HG. Alveolar surfactant and adult respiratory distress syndrome – pathogenetic role and therapeutic prospects. Clin. Investig.71(3), 177–190 (1993).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Idell S. Coagulation, fibrinolysis, and fibrin deposition in acute lung injury. Crit. Care Med.31(4), S213–S220 (2003).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ware LB, Camerer E, Welty-Wolf K, Schultz MJ, Matthay MA. Bench to bedside: targeting coagulation and fibrinolysis in acute lung injury. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol.291(3), L307–L311 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goss CH, Brower RG, Hudson LD, Rubenfeld GD. Incidence of acute lung injury in the United States. Crit. Care Med.31(6), 1607–1611 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu X, Qian S, Xu F et al. Incidence, management and mortality of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome from a prospective study of Chinese paediatric intensive care network. Acta Paediatr.99(5), 715–721 (2010).
   Google Scholar
• Brower RG, Matthay MA, Morris A et al. Ventilation with lower tidal volumes as compared with traditional tidal volumes for acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome. N. Engl. J. Med.342(18), 1301–1308 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sessler CN, Gay PC. Are corticosteroids useful in late-stage acute respiratory distress syndrome? Respir. Care55(1), 43–52 (2010).
   Google Scholar
• Peter JV, John P, Graham PL, Moran JL, George IA, Bersten A. Corticosteroids in the prevention and treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in adults: meta-analysis. Br. Med. J.336(7651), 1006–1009 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meduri GU, Golden E, Freire AX et al. Methylprednisolone infusion in patients with early acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) significantly improves lung function: results of a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Chest128(Suppl. 4), 129S–130S (2005).
   Google Scholar
• Okayama N, Kakihana Y, Setoguchi D et al. Clinical effects of a neutrophil elastase inhibitor, sivelestat, in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. J. Anesth.20(1) 6–10 (2006).
   Google Scholar
• Hofstra J, Juffermans NP, Schultz MJ et al. Pulmonary coagulopathy as a new target in lung injury – a review of available pre-clinical models. Curr. Med. Chem.15(6), 588–595 (2008).
   Google Scholar
• Willson DF, Thomas NJ, Markovitz BP et al. Effect of exogenous surfactant (Calfactant) in pediatric acute lung injury – a randomized controlled trial. JAMA293(4), 470–476 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anzueto A, Baughman RP, Guntupalli KK et al. Aerosolized surfactant in adults with sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome. N. Engl. J. Med.334(22), 1417–1421 (1996).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siobal MS, Hess DR. Are inhaled vasodilators useful in acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome? Respir. Care55(2), 144–161 (2010).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee JW. β(2) adrenergic agonists in acute lung injury? The heart of the matter. Crit. Care13(6), 1011 (2009).
   Google Scholar
• Perkins GD, McAuley DF, Thickett DR, Gao F. The β-agonist lung injury trial (BALTI) – a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.173(3), 281–287 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adhikari NK, Burns KE, Friedrich JO, Granton JT, Cook DJ, Meade MO. Effect of nitric oxide on oxygenation and mortality in acute lung injury: systematic review and meta-analysis. Br. Med. J.334(7597), 779–782 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dellinger RP, Zimmerman JL, Taylor RW et al. Effects of inhaled nitric oxide in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: results of a randomized Phase II trial. Crit. Care Med.26(1), 15–23 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lundin S, Mang H, Smithies M, Stenqvist O, Frostell C. Inhalation of nitric oxide in acute lung injury: results of a European multicentre study. Intensive Care Med.25(9), 911–919 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor RW, Zimmerman JL, Dellinger RP et al. Low-dose inhaled nitric oxide in patients with acute lung injury – a randomized controlled trial. JAMA291(13), 1603–1609 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geiger R, Kleinsasser A, Meier S et al. Intravenous tezosentan improves gas exchange and hemodynamics in acute lung injury secondary to meconium aspiration. Intensive Care Med.34(2), 368–376 (2008).
   Google Scholar
• Putensen C, Hormann C, Kleinsasser A, Putensen-Himmer G. Cardiopulmonary effects of aerosolized prostaglandin E-1 and nitric oxide inhalation in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care157(6), 1743–1747 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kesecioglu J, Beale R, Stewart TE et al. Exogenous natural surfactant for treatment of acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care180(10), 989–994 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taut F, Rippin G, Schenk P et al. A search for subgroups of patients with ARDS who may benefit from surfactant replacement therapy a pooled analysis of five studies with recombinant surfactant protein-C surfactant (Venticute). Chest134(4), 724–732 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spragg RG, Lewis JF, Wurst W et al. Treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome with recombinant surfactant protein C surfactant. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care167(11), 1562–1566 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vincent JL, Artigas A, Petersen LC, Meyer C. A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation trial assessing safety and efficacy of active site inactivated recombinant factor VIIa in subjects with acute lung injury or acute respiratory distress syndrome. Crit. Care Med.37(6), 1874–1880 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu KD, Levitt J, Zhuo HJ et al. Randomized clinical trial of activated protein C for the treatment of acute lung injury. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care178(6), 618–623 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schultz MJ, Haitsma JJ, Zhang HB, Slutsky AS. Pulmonary coagulopathy as a new target in therapeutic studies of acute lung injury or pneumonia – a review. Crit. Care Med.34(3), 871–877 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee JW, Fang XH, Gupta N, Serikovd V, Matthaya MA. Allogeneic human mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of E. coli endotoxin-induced acute lung injury in the ex vivo perfused human lung. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA106(38), 16357–16362 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Serrano-Mollar A, Nacher M, Gay-Jordi G, Closa D, Xaubet A, Bulbena O. Intratracheal transplantation of alveolar type II cells reverses bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care176(12), 1261–1268 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berthiaume Y, Lesur O, Dagenais A. Treatment of adult respiratory distress syndrome: plea for rescue therapy of the alveolar epithelium. Thorax54(2), 150–160 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orfanos SE, Mavrommati I, Korovesi I, Roussos C. Pulmonary endothelium in acute lung injury: from basic science to the critically ill. Intensive Care Med.30(9), 1702–1714 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shimabukuro DW, Sawa T, Gropper MA. Injury and repair in lung and airways. Crit. Care Med.31(Suppl. 8), S524–S531 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamasaki M, Miyake A, Tagashira S, Itoh N. Structure and expression of the rat mRNA encoding a novel member of the fibroblast growth factor family. J. Biol. Chem.271(27), 15918–15921 (1996).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Igarashi M, Finch PW, Aaronson SA. Characterization of recombinant human fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-10 reveals functional similarities with keratinocyte growth factor (FGF-7). J. Biol. Chem.273(21), 13230–13235 (1998).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Emoto H, Tagashira S, Mattei MG et al. Structure and expression of human fibroblast growth factor-10. J. Biol. Chem.272(37), 23191–23194 (1997).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zhang XQ, Ibrahimi OA, Olsen SK, Umemori H, Mohammadi M, Ornitz DM. Receptor specificity of the fibroblast growth factor family – the complete mammalian FGF family. J. Biol. Chem.281(23), 15694–15700 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohuchi H, Hori Y, Yamasaki M et al. FGF10 acts as a major ligand for FGF receptor 2 IIIb in mouse multi-organ development. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.277(3), 643–649 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Belleudi F, Leone L, Nobili V et al. Keratinocyte growth factor receptor ligands target the receptor to different intracellular pathways. Traffic8(12), 1854–1872 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Belleudi F, Leone L, Maggio M, Torrisi MR. Hrs regulates the endocytic sorting of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2b. Exp. Cell Res.315(13), 2181–2191 (2009).
   Google Scholar
• Ramasamy SK, Mailleux AA, Gupte VV et al. FGF10 dosage is critical for the amplification of epithelial cell progenitors and for the formation of multiple mesenchymal lineages during lung development. Dev. Biol.307(2), 237–247 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sekine K, Ohuchi H, Fujiwara M et al. FGF10 is essential for limb and lung formation. Nat. Genet.21(1), 138–141 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bellusci S, Grindley J, Emoto H, Itoh N, Hogan B. Fibroblast growth factor 10(FGF10) and branching morphogenesis in the embryonic mouse lung. Development124(23), 4867–4878 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clark JC, Tichelaar JW, Wert SE et al. FGF-10 disrupts lung morphogenesis and causes pulmonary adenomas in vivo. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol.280(4), L705–L715 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ishiwata T, Naito Z, Lu YP, Kawahara K, Fujii T, Kawamoto Y, Teduka K, Sugisaki Y. Differential distribution of fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-7 and FGF-10 in L-arginine-induced acute pancreatitis. Exp. Mol. Pathol.73(3), 181–190 (2002).
   Google Scholar
• Gillis P, Savla U, Volpert OV, Jimenez B, Waters CM, Panos RJ, Bouck NP. Keratinocyte growth factor induces angiogenesis and protects endothelial barrier function. J. Cell Sci.112(12), 2049–2057(1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tagashira S, Harada H, Katsumata T et al. Cloning of mouse FGF10 and up-regulation of its gene expression during wound healing. Gene197(1–2), 399–404 (1997).
   Google Scholar
• Upadhyay D, Bundesmann M, Panduri V, Correa-Meyer E, Kamp DW. Fibroblast growth factor-10 attenuates H2O2-induced alveolar epithelial cell DNA damage – role of MAPK activation and DNA repair. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol.31(1), 107–113 (2004).
   Google Scholar
• Upadhyay D, Correa-Meyer E, Sznajder JI, Kamp DW. FGF-10 prevents mechanical stretch-induced alveolar epithelial cell DNA damage via MAPK activation. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol.284(2), L350–L359 (2003).
   Google Scholar
• Upadhyay D, Panduri V, Kamp DW. Fibroblast growth factor-10 prevents asbestos-induced alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis by a mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent mechanism. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol.32(3), 232–238 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han DS, Li FL, Holt L et al. Keratinocyte growth factor-2 (FGF-10) promotes healing of experimental small intestinal ulceration in rats. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol.279(5), G1011–G1022 (2000).
   Google Scholar
• Sung C, Pary TJ, Riccobene TA et al. Pharmacologic and pharmacokinetic profile of repifermin (KGF-2) in monkeys and comparative pharmacokinetics in humans. AAPS PharmSci4(82), E8 (2002).
   Google Scholar
• Hokuto I, Perl A, Whitsett JA. FGF signaling is required for pulmonary homeostasis following hyperoxia. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol.286(3), L580–L587 (2004).
   Google Scholar
• Gupte VV, Ramasamy SK, Reddy R et al. Overexpression of fibroblast growth factor-10 during both inflammatory and fibrotic phases attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care180(5), 424–436 (2009).
   Google Scholar
• Nakano K, Fukabori Y, Itoh N et al. Androgen-stimulated human prostate epithelial growth mediated by stromal-derived fibroblast growth factor-10. Endocr. J.46(3), 405–413 (1999).
   Google Scholar
• Xia C, Wei H, Wei WG et al. Effects of keratinocyte growth factor 2(kgf-2) on keratinocyte growth, migration and on excisional wound healing. Prog. Inorg. Biochem. Biophys.36(7), 854–862 (2009).
   Google Scholar
• Jang JH. Stimulation of human hair growth by the recombinant human keratinocyte growth factor-2 (KGF-2). Biotechnol. Lett.27(11), 749–752 (2005).
   Google Scholar
• Yamasaki M, Emoto H, Konishi M et al. FGF-10 is a growth factor for preadipocytes in white adipose tissue. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.258(1), 109–112 (1999).
   Google Scholar
• Zhang XY, Wu MJ, Zhang WW, Shen JF, Liu HQ. Differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells induced by recombinantly expressed fibroblast growth factor 10 in vitro and in vivo. In Vitro Cell Dev. Biol. Anim.46(1), 60–71 (2010).
   Google Scholar
• Konishi M, Asaki T, Koike N, Miwa H, Miyake A, Itoh N. Role of FGF10 in cell proliferation in white adipose tissue. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol.249(1–2), 71–77 (2006).
   Google Scholar
• Shin M, Noji S, Neubuser A, Yasugi S. FGF10 is required for cell proliferation and gland formation in the stomach epithelium of the chicken embryo. Dev. Biol.294(1), 11–23 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jimenez PA, Rampy MA. Keratinocyte growth factor-2 accelerates wound healing in incisional wounds. J. Surg. Res.81(2), 238–242 (1999).
   Google Scholar
• Nomura S, Yoshitomi H, Takano S et al.. FGF10/FGFR2 signal induces cell migration and invasion in pancreatic cancer. Br. J. Cancer99(2), 305–313 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tao H, Shimizu M, Kusumoto R, Ono K, Noji S, Ohuchi H. A dual role of FGF10 in proliferation and coordinated migration of epithelial leading edge cells during mouse eyelid development. Development132(14), 3217–3230 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panos RJ, Bak PM, Simonet WS, Rubin JS, Smith LJ. Intratracheal instillation of keartinocyte growth factor decreases hyperoxia-induced mortality in rats. J. Clin. Invest.96(4), 2026–2033 (1995).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang M, Berkland C. Controlled release of repifermin (R) from polyelectrolyte complexes stimulates endothelial cell proliferation. J. Pharm. Sci.98(1), 268–280 (2009).
   Google Scholar
• Yano T, Deterding RR, Simonet WS, Shannon JM, Mason RJ. Keratinocyte growth factor reduces lung damage due to acid instillation in rats. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol.15(4), 433–442 (1996).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sugahara K, Iyama KI, Kuroda MJ, Sano K. Double intratracheal instillation of keratinocyte growth factor prevents bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in rats. J. Pathol.186(1), 90–98 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yi ES, Williams ST, Lee H et al. Keratinocyte growth factor ameliorates radiation- and bleomycin-induced lung injury and mortality. Am J. Pathol.149(6), 1963–1970 (1996).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo J, Yi ES, Havill AM et al. Intravenous keratinocyte growth factor protects against experimental pulmonary injury. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol.275(4), L800–L805 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yi ES, Salgado M, Williams S et al. Keratinocyte growth factor decreases pulmonary edema, transforming growth factor-β and platelet-derived growth factor-BB expression, and alveolar type II cell loss in bleomycin-induced lung injury. Inflammation22(3), 315–325 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deterding RR, Havill AM, Yano T et al. Prevention of bleomycin-induced lung injury in rats by keratinocyte growth factor. Proc. Assoc. Am. Physicians109(3), 254–268 (1997).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Guery R, Mason CM, Dobard EP, Beaucaire G, Summer WR, Nelson S. Keratinocyte growth factor increases transalveolar sodium reabsorption in normal and injured rat lungs. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care155(5), 1777–1784 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mason CM, Guery B, Summer WR, Nelson S. Keratinocyte growth factor attenuates lung leak induced by α-naphthylthiourea in rats. Crit. Care Med.24(6), 925–931 (1996).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Welsh DA, Summer WR, Dobard EP, Nelson S, Mason CM. Keratinocyte growth factor prevents ventilator-induced lung injury in an ex vivo rat model. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care162(3), 1081–1086 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Viget NB, Guery B, Ader F et al. Keratinocyte growth factor protects against Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced lung injury. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol.279(6), L1199–L1209 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ulich TR, Yi ES, Longmuir K et al. Keratinocyte growth factor is a growth factor for type II pneumocytes in vivo. J. Clin. Invest.93(3), 1298–1306 (1994).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bao SY, Wang YJ, Sweeney P et al. Keratinocyte growth factor induces Akt kinase activity and inhibits Fas-mediated apoptosis in A549 lung epithelial cells. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol.288(1), L36–L42 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang G, Slepushkin VA, Bodner M et al. Keratinocyte growth factor induced epithelial proliferation facilitates retroviral-mediated gene transfer to distal lung epithelia in vivo. J. Gene Med.1(1), 22–30 (1999).
   Google Scholar
• Sugahara K, Rubin JS, Mason RJ, Aronson EL, Shannon JM. Keratinocyte growth factor increases mRNAs for SP-A and SP-B in adult rat alveolar type II cells in culture. Am. J Physiol.269(3), L344–L350 (1995).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borok Z, Danto SI, Dimen LL et al. Na+-K+-ATPase expression in alveolar epithelial cells: upregulation of active ion transport by KGF. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol.274(1), L149–L158 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guery R, Mason CM, Dobard EP et al. Keratinocyte growth factor increases transalveolar sodium reabsorption in normal and injured rat lungs. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.155(5), 1777–1784 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waters CM, Savla U, Panos RJ et al. KGF prevents hydrogen peroxide-induced increases in airway epithelial cell permeability. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol.272(4), L681–L689(1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park WY, Miranda B, Lebeche D, Hashimoto G, Cardoso WV. FGF-10 is a chemotactic factor for distal epithelial buds during lung development. Dev. Biol.201(2), 125–134 (1998).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hart A, Papadopoulou S, Edlund H. FGF10 maintains notch activation, stimulates proliferation, and blocks differentiation of pancreatic epithelial cells. Dev. Dyn.228(2), 185–193 (2003).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bhushan A, Itoh N, Kato S et al. FGF10 is essential for maintaining the proliferative capacity of epithelial progenitor cells during early pancreatic organogenesis. Development128(24), 5109–5117 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alderson R, Gohari-Fritsch S, Olsen H et al.In vitro and in vivo effects of repifermin (keratinocyte growth factor-2, KGF-2) on human carcinoma cells. Cancer Chemother. Pharm.50(3), 202–212(2002).
   Google Scholar
• Asaki T, Konishi M, Miyake A, Kato S, Tomizawa M, Itoh N. Roles of fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10) in adipogenesis in vivo. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol.218(1–2), 119–128 (2004).
   Google Scholar
• Browne G, Bhavsar M, O’Kane CM et al. A potential role for keratinocyte growth factor and clarithromycin in the treatment of paraquat overdose. Q. J. Med.103(8), 611–613 (2010).
   Google Scholar
• Wheeler G. Repifermin. Human Genome Sciences/GlaxoSmithKline. IDrugs4(7) 813–819 (2001).
   Google Scholar
• Robson MC, Phillips TJ, Falanga V et al. Randomized trial of topically applied, repifermin (recombinant human keratinocyte growth factor-2) to accelerate wound healing in venous ulcers. Wound Repair Regen.9(5), 347–352 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stern JB, Fierobe L, Paugam C et al.. Keratinocyte growth factor and hepatocyte growth factor in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in acute respiratory distress syndrome patients. Crit. Care Med.28(7), 2326–2333 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verghese GM, McCormick-Shannon K, Mason RJ, Matthay MA. Hepatocyte growth factor and keratinocyte growth factor in the pulmonary edema fluid of patients with acute lung injury – biological and clinical significance. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care158(2), 386–394 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quesnel C, Marchand-Adam S, Fabre A et al. Regulation of hepatocyte growth factor secretion by fibroblasts in patients with acute lung injury. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol.294(2), L334–L343 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chandel NS, Budinger GR, Mutlu GM et al. Keratinocyte growth factor expression is suppressed in early acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome by smad and c-Abl pathways. Crit. Care Med.37(5), 1678–1684 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar