7
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

The epidemiology, etiology and Chuh and Zawar’s diagnostic criteria of Gianotti–Crosti syndrome

&
Pages 57-64 | Published online: 10 Jan 2014

References

  • Gianotti F. Report on a special case of toxic infection characterized by a desquamative erythemato-infiltrative eruption with lenticular foci and a selective localization at the extremities. Soc. Ital. Dermatol. Sifilogr. Sezioni. Interprov. Soc. Ital. Dermatol. Sifilogr. 96(6), 678–697 (1955).
  • Crosti A, Gianotti F. Eruptive dermatosis of probable viral origin situated on the acra. Dermatologica 115(5), 671–677 (1957).
  • Gianotti F. Viral anicteric hepatitis in infantile papular acrodermatitis. Epatologia 12(2), 171–191 (1966).
  • Brandt O, Abeck D, Gianotti R, Burgdorf W. Gianotti–Crosti syndrome. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 54(1), 136–145 (2006).
  • Ishimaru Y, Ishimaru H, Toda G, Baba K, Mayumi M. An epidemic of infantile papular acrodermatitis (Gianotti’s disease) in Japan associated with hepatitis-B surface antigen subtype ayw. Lancet 1(7962), 707–709 (1976).
  • Toda G, Ishimaru Y, Mayumi M, Oda T. Infantile papular acrodermatitis (Gianotti’s disease) and intrafamilial occurence of acute hepatitis B with jaundice: age dependency of clinical manifestations of hepatitis B virus infection. J. Infect. Dis. 138(2), 211–216 (1978).
  • Kanzaki S, Kanda S, Terada K et al. Detection of hepatitis B surface antigen subtype adr in an epidemic of papular acrodermatitis of childhood (Gianotti’s disease). Acta Med. Okayama 35(6), 407–410 (1981).
  • Ono E. Natural history of infantile papular acrodermatitis (Gianotti’s disease) with HBsAg subtype adw. Kurume Med. J. 35(3), 147–157 (1988).
  • Baldari U, Monti A, Righini MG. An epidemic of infantile papular acrodermatitis (Gianotti–Crosti syndrome) due to Epstein–Barr virus. Dermatology (Basel) 188(3), 203–204 (1994).
  • Demattei C, Zawar B, Lee A, Chuh A, Molinari N. Spatial-temporal case clustering in children with Gianotti–Crosti syndrome. Systematic analysis led to the identification of a mini-epidemic. Eur. J. Pediatr. Dermatol. 16, 159–164 (2006).
  • Taïeb A, Plantin P, Du Pasquier P, Guillet G, Maleville J. Gianotti–Crosti syndrome: a study of 26 cases. Br. J. Dermatol. 115(1), 49–59 (1986).
  • Brown J, Rentiers P. The Gianotti–Crosti syndrome: a distinctive exanthem. Can. Med. Assoc. J. 100(16), 773–774 (1969).
  • Chuh A, Zawar V, Lee A, Molinari N. Regression analysis on temporal case clustering in Gianotti–Crosti syndrome. Int. Pediatr. 20, 157–161 (2005).
  • Chuh A, Zawar V, Sciallis G, Law M. Gianotti–Crosti syndrome, pityriasis rosea, asymmetrical periflexural exanthem, unilateral mediothoracic exanthem, eruptive pseudoangiomatosis, and papular-purpuric gloves and socks syndrome – succinct reviews and arguments for a diagnostic criteria. Infect. Dis. Rep. 4, 38–48 (2012).
  • Lee S, Kim KY, Hahn CS, Lee MG, Cho CK. Gianotti–Crosti syndrome associated with hepatitis B surface antigen (subtype adr). J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 12(4), 629–633 (1985).
  • Claudy AL, Ortonne JP, Trepo C, Bugnon B. Papular acrodermatitis associated with hepatitis B virus infection. Arch. Dermatol. 115(8), 931 (1979).
  • Rubenstein D, Esterly NB, Fretzin D. The Gianotti–Crosti syndrome. Pediatrics 61(3), 433–437 (1978).
  • Zawar V, Chuh A. Gianotti–Crosti syndrome in India is not associated with hepatitis B infection. Dermatology (Basel) 208(1), 87 (2004).
  • Chuh AA, Chan HH, Chiu SS, Ng HY, Peiris JS. A prospective case–control study of the association of Gianotti–Crosti syndrome with human herpesvirus 6 and human herpesvirus 7 infections. Pediatr. Dermatol. 19(6), 492–497 (2002).
  • Smith KJ, Skelton H. Histopathologic features seen in Gianotti–Crosti syndrome secondary to Epstein–Barr virus. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 43(6), 1076–1079 (2000).
  • Maeda S, Tsuda H, Haruki S, Mitsuto I. Atypical Epstein–Barr virus infection associated with Gianotti–Crosti syndrome and Bell’s palsy. Pediatr. Int. 41(3), 315–317 (1999).
  • Drago F, Crovato F, Rebora A. Gianotti–Crosti syndrome as a presenting sign of EBV-induced acute infectious mononucleosis. Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 22(6), 301–302 (1997).
  • Hofmann B, Schuppe HC, Adams O, Lenard HG, Lehmann P, Ruzicka T. Gianotti–Crosti syndrome associated with Epstein–Barr virus infection. Pediatr. Dermatol. 14(4), 273–277 (1997).
  • Konno M. An association between hepatitis-B antigen-negative infantile papular acrodermatitis and Epstein–Barr virus infection. Hokkaido Igaku Zasshi. 64(2), 125–138 (1989).
  • Tzeng GH, Hsu CY, Chen HC. Gianotti–Crosti syndrome associated with cytomegalovirus infection: report of one case. Zhonghua Min. Guo. Xiao Er Ke Yi Xue Hui Za Zhi 36(2), 139–141 (1995).
  • Berant M, Naveh Y, Weissman I. Papular acrodermatitis with cytomegalovirus hepatitis. Arch. Dis. Child. 58(12), 1024–1025 (1983).
  • Haki M, Tsuchida M, Kotsuji M et al. Gianotti–Crosti syndrome associated with cytomegalovirus antigenemia after bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 20(8), 691–693 (1997).
  • Draelos ZK, Hansen RC, James WD. Gianotti–Crosti syndrome associated with infections other than hepatitis B. JAMA 256(17), 2386–2388 (1986).
  • Sagi EF, Linder N, Shouval D. Papular acrodermatitis of childhood associated with hepatitis A virus infection. Pediatr. Dermatol. 3(1), 31–33 (1985).
  • Pouillaude JM, Moulin G, Morlat C, François R. Gianotti–Crosti’s infantile papular acrodermatitis. Nosological relationship with viral hepatitis. A fatal outcome. Pediatrie 30(4), 351–360 (1975).
  • Dauendorffer JN, Dupuy A. Gianotti–Crosti syndrome associated with herpes simplex virus type 1 gingivostomatitis. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 64(2), 450–451 (2011).
  • Yasumoto S, Tsujita J, Imayama S, Hori Y. Case report: Gianotti–Crosti syndrome associated with human herpesvirus-6 infection. J. Dermatol. 23(7), 499–501 (1996).
  • Blauvelt A, Turner ML. Gianotti–Crosti syndrome and human immunodeficiency virus infection. Arch. Dermatol. 130(4), 481–483 (1994).
  • Cocciolone R, Morey A, Panasiuk P, Whitfeld MJ. Atypical Gianotti–Crosti syndrome in two HIV and hepatitis B co-infected adults. Australas. J. Dermatol. 52(1), 32–36 (2011).
  • May J, Pollack R. Gianotti–Crosti syndrome associated with type A influenza. Pediatr. Dermatol. 28(6), 733–735 (2011).
  • Hergueta Lendínez R, Pozo García L, Alejo García A, Romero Cachza J, González Hachero J. Gianotti–Crosti syndrome due to a mixed infection produced by the mumps virus and the parainfluenza virus type 2. An. Esp. Pediatr. 44(1), 65–66 (1996).
  • Boeck K, Mempel M, Schmidt T, Abeck D. Gianotti–Crosti syndrome: clinical, serologic, and therapeutic data from nine children. Cutis 62(6), 271–274; quiz 286 (1998).
  • Carrascosa JM, Just M, Ribera M, Ferrándiz C. Papular acrodermatitis of childhood related to poxvirus and parvovirus B19 infection. Cutis 61(5), 265–267 (1998).
  • Léger F, Callens A, Machet MC. Parvovirus B19 primo-infection and cold agglutinins. Ann. Dermatol. Venereol. 124(3), 257–259 (1997).
  • de la Torre C. Gianotti–Crosti syndrome following milkers’ nodules. Cutis 74(5), 316–318 (2004).
  • Di Lernia V. Gianotti–Crosti syndrome related to rotavirus infection. Pediatr. Dermatol. 15(6), 485–486 (1998).
  • Di Lernia V, Ricci C. Skin manifestations with Rotavirus infections. Int. J. Dermatol. 45(6), 759–761 (2006).
  • Silveira Cancela M, Valdés Tascón F, Pita Carretero J, Montes Fontao M, Rico Bouza M. Neonatal papular acrodermatitis (Gianotti–Crosti) and Bartonella henselae infection. An. Esp. Pediatr. 52(3), 299–300 (2000).
  • Baldari U, Cattonar P, Nobile C, Celli B, Righini MG, Trevisan G. Infantile acrodermatitis of Gianotti–Crosti and Lyme borreliosis. Acta Derm. Venereol. 76(3), 242–243 (1996).
  • Angoulvant N, Grézard P, Wolf F et al. Acute Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection: new cause of Gianotti–Crosti syndrome. Presse. Med. 29(23), 1287 (2000).
  • Manoharan S, Muir J, Williamson R. Gianotti–Crosti syndrome in an adult following recent Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. Australas. J. Dermatol. 46(2), 106–109 (2005).
  • Retrouvey M, Koch LH, Williams JV. Gianotti–Crosti Syndrome Following Childhood Vaccinations. Pediatr. Dermatol. 30(1), 137–138 (2013).
  • Atanasovski M, Dele-Michael A, Dasgeb B, Ganger L, Mehregan D. A case report of Gianotti–Crosti post vaccination with MMR and dTaP. Int. J. Dermatol. 50(5), 609–610 (2011).
  • Kolivras A, André J. Gianotti–Crosti syndrome following hepatitis A vaccination. Pediatr. Dermatol. 25(6), 650 (2008).
  • Sigmon JR, Venkatesh S, Lesher JL. Gianotti–Crosti syndrome associated with hepatitis A and influenza vaccination. J. Drugs Dermatol. 11(2), 260–261 (2012).
  • Andiran N, Sentürk GB, Bükülmez G. Combined vaccination by measles and hepatitis B vaccines: a new cause of Gianotti–Crosti syndrome. Dermatology (Basel) 204(1), 75–76 (2002).
  • Karakas M, Durdu M, Tuncer I, Cevlik F. Gianotti–Crosti syndrome in a child following hepatitis B virus vaccination. J. Dermatol. 34(2), 117–120 (2007).
  • Cambiaghi S, Scarabelli G, Pistritto G, Gelmetti C. Gianotti–Crosti syndrome in an adult after influenza virus vaccination. Dermatology (Basel) 191(4), 340–341 (1995).
  • Lam JM. Atypical Gianotti–Crosti syndrome following administration of the AS03-adjuvanted H1N1 vaccine. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 65(4), e127–e128 (2011).
  • Kwon NH, Kim JE, Cho BK, Park HJ. Gianotti–Crosti Syndrome Following Novel Influenza A (H1N1) Vaccination. Ann. Dermatol. 23(4), 554–555 (2011).
  • Kroeskop A, Lewis AB, Barril FA, Baribault KE. Gianotti–Crosti syndrome after H1N1-influenza vaccine. Pediatr. Dermatol. 28(5), 595–596 (2011).
  • Kang NG, Oh CW. Gianotti–Crosti syndrome following Japanese encephalitis vaccination. J. Korean Med. Sci. 18(3), 459–461 (2003).
  • Velangi SS, Tidman MJ. Gianotti–Crosti syndrome after measles, mumps and rubella vaccination. Br. J. Dermatol. 139(6), 1122–1123 (1998).
  • Erkek E, Senturk GB, Ozkaya O, Bükülmez G. Gianotti–Crosti syndrome preceded by oral polio vaccine and followed by varicella infection. Pediatr. Dermatol. 18(6), 516–518 (2001).
  • Magyarlaki M, Drobnitsch I, Schneider I. Papular acrodermatitis of childhood (Gianotti–Crosti disease). Pediatr. Dermatol. 8(3), 224–227 (1991).
  • Ricci G, Patrizi A, Neri I, Specchia F, Tosti G, Masi M. Gianotti–Crosti syndrome and allergic background. Acta Derm. Venereol. 83(3), 202–205 (2003).
  • Chuh A. Association of hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome and Gianotti–Crosti syndrome. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 24(10), 942 (2005).
  • Milbradt R, Nasemann T. Entity of the Gianotti–Crosti’s syndrome and its relation to hepatitis B infection. Hautarzt 26(9), 471–479 (1975).
  • Chuh AAT. Pediatric viral exanthems. Yearbook of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery 2005. Mosby, St. Louis, MI, USA, 16–43 (2005).
  • Chuh AA. Diagnostic criteria for Gianotti–Crosti syndrome: a prospective case–control study for validity assessment. Cutis 68(3), 207–213 (2001).
  • Chuh A, Lee A, Zawar V. The diagnostic criteria of Gianotti–Crosti syndrome – are they applicable to children in India? Pediatr. Dermatol. 21(5), 542–547 (2004).
  • Tilly JJ, Drolet BA, Esterly NB. Lichenoid eruptions in children. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 51(4), 606–624 (2004).
  • Chuh AA. Truncal lesions do not exclude a diagnosis of Gianotti–Crosti syndrome. Australas. J. Dermatol. 44(3), 215–216 (2003).
  • Chuh AAT. Gianotti–Crosti syndrome – the extremes in rash duration. Int. Pediatr. 17, 45–48 (2002).
  • Llanora GV, Tay CM, van Bever HP. Gianotti–Crosti syndrome: case report of a pruritic acral exanthema in a child. Asia Pac. Allergy 2(3), 223–226 (2012).
  • Gabrielsen TO, Rajka G, Rustenberg B. Acrodermatitis papulosa eruptiva infantum as a prodrome in hepatitis B infection. Z. Hautkr. 60(22), 1793–1796 (1985).
  • American Academy of Pediatrics. Hepatitis B. In: Red Book: Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases (28th edition) Pickering LK (Ed.), American Academy of Pediatrics, IL USA 337 (2009).
  • Kaneda A, Matsusaka K, Aburatani H, Fukayama M. Epstein–Barr virus infection as an epigenetic driver of tumorigenesis. Cancer Res. 72(14), 3445–3450 (2012).
  • Virtanen JO, Jacobson S. Viruses and multiple sclerosis. CNS Neurol. Disord. Drug Targets 11(5), 528–544 (2012).
  • Zawar V, Chuh A. Efficacy of ribavirin in a case of long lasting and disabling Gianotti–Crosti syndrome. J. Dermatol. Case Rep. 2(4), 63–66 (2008).
  • Song F. Review of publication bias in studies on publication bias: studies of publication bias are probably susceptible to the bias they study. BMJ 331, 637 (2005).
  • Tay LK, Lee HY, Thirumoorthy T, Pang SM. Dermatology referrals in an East Asian tertiary hospital: a need for inpatient medical dermatology. Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 36(2), 129–134 (2011).
  • Symvoulakis EK, Krasagakis K, Komninos ID et al. Primary care and pattern of skin diseases in a Mediterranean island. BMC Fam. Pract. 7, 6 (2006).
  • Chuh AA, Chiu SS, Peiris JS. Human herpesvirus 6 and 7 DNA in peripheral blood leucocytes and plasma in patients with pityriasis rosea by polymerase chain reaction: a prospective case–control study. Acta Derm. Venereol. 81(4), 289–290 (2001).
  • Chuh AAT, Chan PKS, Lee A. The detection of human herpesvirus 8 DNA in plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells in adult patients with pityriasis rosea by polymerase chain reaction. J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. 20(6), 667–671 (2006).
  • Chan PK, To KF, Zawar V, Lee A, Chuh AA. Asymmetric periflexural exanthem in an adult. Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 29(3), 320–321 (2004).
  • Aalberse RC, Akkerdaas J, van Ree R. Cross-reactivity of IgE antibodies to allergens. Allergy 56(6), 478–490 (2001).
  • Chiu SS, Cheung CY, Tse CY, Peiris M. Early diagnosis of primary human herpesvirus 6 infection in childhood: serology, polymerase chain reaction, and virus load. J. Infect. Dis. 178(5), 1250–1256 (1998).
  • Chuh AAT. The Ninth Cochrane Dermatology Meeting, British Association of Dermatologists, London – Advances in conducting systematic reviews. H.K. Med. Diary 10, 15–17 (2005).
  • Chuh AA, Dofitas BL, Comisel GG et al. Interventions for pityriasis rosea. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2, CD005068 (2007).
  • Fredericks DN, Relman DA. Sequence-based identification of microbial pathogens: a reconsideration of Koch’s postulates. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 9(1), 18–33 (1996).
  • Chuh A, Lee A, Molinari N. Case clustering in pityriasis rosea – a multi-center epidemiologic study in primary care settings in Hong Kong. Arch. Dermatol. 139(4), 489–493 (2003).
  • Traore A, Korsaga-Some N, Niamba P, Barro F, Sanou I, Drabo YJ. Pityriasis rosea in secondary schools in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Ann. Dermatol. Venereol. 128(5), 605–609 (2001).

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.